We may not be able to make you love reading, but archaeology of knowledge will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.

The archaeology of knowledge

The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society

Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of “Sex”

Justice and the Politics of Difference

The course is focused on historical texts, most of them philosophical. Context for understanding the texts and the course of democratic development will be provided in lecture and discussions, and by some background readings (Dunn). We begin with the remarkable Athenian democracy, and its frequent enemy the Spartan oligarchy. In Athens legislation was passed directly by an assembly of all citizens, and executive officials were selected by lot rather than by competitive election. Athenian oligarchs such as Plato more admired Sparta, and their disdain for the democracy became the judgment of the ages, until well after the modern democratic revolutions. Marsilius of Padua in the early Middle Ages argued for popular sovereignty. The Italian citystates of the Middle Ages did without kings, and looked back to Rome and Greece for republican models. During the English Civil War republicans debated whether the few or the many should be full citizens of the regime. The English, French, and American revolutions struggled with justifying and establishing a representative democracy suitable for a large state, and relied on election rather than lot to select officials. The English established a constitutional monarchy, admired in Europe, and adapted by the Americans in their republican constitution. The American Revolution helped inspire the French, and the French inspired republican and democratic revolution throughout Europe during the 19 century.

/pdf/democracy-and-its-critics-2zxg086s7q.pdf

Democracy and Its Critics

List of Illustrations List of Abbreviations Acknowledgments Preface Introduction: Of Dowries and Brides 1. The Infrastructure of Control 2. "The Invisible Occupation" 3. Of Horses and Riders 4. Identification Trouble 5. Civilian Control 6. The Intifada 7. Outsourcing the Occupation 8. The Separation Principle Epilogue Appendix 1: Structure of the Civil Branch of the West Bank's Military Government Appendix 2: West Bank Settlements According to Year Established Notes Index

Israel's Occupation

Freedom, conceived ontologically, is power's condition of possibility. Yet, con- sidering that the subject's interests and identity are constantly shaped, one still has to explain how - theoretically speaking - individuals can resist control. This is precisely the issue I address in the following pages. Following a brief overview of Foucault's contribution to our understanding of power, I turn to discuss the role of visibility vis-a-vis control, and show how the development of disciplinary techniques reversed the visibility of power. While Foucault illustrates that during different historical periods, distinct modes of visibility are produced by power in order to control society, I argue that the very same power that produces visibility is concomitantly dependent upon it. In addition, I maintain that visibility is a necessary com- ponent of resistance. But Foucault - perhaps due to his premature death - never adequately explains how individuals can resist the mechanisms of control in a world in which power is ubiquitous. To help clarify this enigma, I turn to Hannah Arendt's insights into power, free- dom, plurality, and natality. These concepts, I claim, can serve as a corrective to Foucault because they make room for resistance without assuming that humans can exit power's web. Michel Foucault's modification and expansion of mainstream political sci- ence's conceptions of power and control are linked to his rejection of liberal- ism's most basic underlying assumptions. In contrast to the liberal imaginary, he does not consider the subject to be a pre-existing entity who (freely) makes decisions following some kind of calculus informed by self-interests. 1 To be sure, the subject's actions may follow a "rational" decisionmaking process, yet her or his consent to act in a certain way is not simply or necessarily a manifestation of free choice. Consent, Foucault says, can be manufactured through intricate controlling mechanisms that produce norms, constitute in- terests, and shape behavior. The deconstruction of "consent" and of pre-given autonomous interests suggests that even rationality is saturated with power. For instance, the "natural inferiority" Aristotle attributes to slaves and women enables him to rationally justify their subordinate social position and to ex- cuse the different forms of oppression to which they were subjected. 2 As Foucault reveals, the naturalization and normalization of social hierarchies both depoliticize and "rationalize" iniquitous social relations. Social control, accordingly, is no longer conceived merely in negative terms as a set of pro- hibitions upheld by the sword, but rather considered to be an array of mecha-

/pdf/on-visibility-and-power-an-arendtian-corrective-of-foucault-207swshgjx.pdf

On Visibility and Power: An Arendtian Corrective of Foucault*

Acknowledgments Introduction: Human Rights as Domination Chapter 1: The Paradox of Human Rights Chapter 2: The Threat of Human Rights Chapter 3: The Human Right to Kill Chapter 4: The Human Right to Colonize Conclusion: What Remains of Human Rights? Notes Bibliography Index

The Human Right to Dominate

Building on the literature that analyzes the impact of norms and ideas on international and domestic politics, it is our assumption that the widespread introduction and dissemination of a human rights discourse enables oppressed groups to translate events into rights language and to appeal to courts, politicians and media in order to seek remedies for their grievances. In so far as human rights discourse actually helps introduce more ethical policies and legislation, it is crucial to understand how this discourse, which in the past 55 years evolved and proliferated on the global level, emerges and develops in domestic settings. Using Israel as a case study, and more specifically analyzing the Israeli press, we further develop some of the existing theoretical claims about how the global and local interact.We argue that in order to understand how the rights discourse is imported into the domestic arena and how it expands once it enters the local scene, it is crucial to employ a broader conception of the global and a more differentiated view of the local.We emphasize the significance of local events and practices in determining the impact of the global on national settings, suggesting that one cannot understand transnational flows without unveiling the black box of the domestic arena.

Human Rights Discourse in Domestic Settings: How Does it Emerge?

Much has changed during Israel's 40 years of occupation of Palestinian territory. Within the past six years Israel has, on average, killed more Palestinians per year than it killed during the first 20 years of occupation. Those who help manufacture public opinion within Israel claim that the dramatic increase in Palestinian deaths results from the fact that the Palestinians have changed the methods of violence they employ against Israel, and that Israel, in turn, has also begun using more violent means. Palestinians might invert this argument, claiming that they have altered their methods of resistance in response to Israel's use of more lethal violence. While such explanations no doubt contain a grain of truth, they are symptomatic accounts, and do little to reveal the root causes underlying the processes leading to the substantial increase in human deaths. A different approach is therefore needed, one that takes into account the structural dimension of Israel's military rule and tracks the two ...

Neve Gordon

Papers

Israel's Occupation

On Visibility and Power: An Arendtian Corrective of Foucault*

The Human Right to Dominate

Human Rights Discourse in Domestic Settings: How Does it Emerge?

From Colonization to Separation: exploring the structure of Israel's occupation