The amalgamation of polymer and pharmaceutical sciences led to the introduction of polymer in the design and development of drug delivery systems. Polymeric delivery systems are mainly intended to achieve controlled or sustained drug delivery. Polysaccharides fabricated into hydrophilic matrices remain popular biomaterials for controlled-release dosage forms and the most abundant naturally occurring biopolymer is cellulose; so hdroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydrox- ypropyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose can be used for production of time controlled delivery systems. Additionally microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellu- lose, hydroxyethyl cellulose as well as hydroxypropyl cellulose are used to coat tablets. Cellulose acetate phthalate and hydroxymethyl cellulose phthalate are also used for enteric coating of tablets. Targeting of drugs to the colon following oral administration has also been accomplished by using polysaccharides such as hdroxypropylmethyl cellulose and hydrox- ypropyl cellulose in hydrated form; also they act as binders that swell when hydrated by gastric media and delay absorption. This paper assembles the current knowledge on the structure and chemistry of cellulose, and in the development of innova- tive cellulose esters and ethers for pharmaceuticals.

/pdf/pharmaceutical-significance-of-cellulose-a-review-51cx6newob.pdf

Pharmaceutical significance of cellulose: A review

Suitable α-cellulose and cellulose II powders for use in the pharmaceutical industry can be derived from maize cob α-Cellulose was extracted from an agricultural residue (maize cobs) using a non-dissolving method based on inorganic substances Modification of this α-cellulose was carried out by its dissolution in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl), and subsequent regeneration by addition of either water or acetone at room temperature, or of boiling water X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy results showed that the regenerated celluloses had lower crystallinity, and proved that the treatment with [C4mim]Cl led to the conversion of the crystalline structure of α-cellulose from cellulose I to cellulose II Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry data showed quite similar thermal behavior for all cellulose samples, although with somewhat lower stability for the regenerated celluloses, as expected The comparison of physicochemical properties of the regenerated celluloses and the native cellulose mainly suggests that the regenerated ones might have better flow properties For some of the characterizations carried out, it was generally observed that the sample regenerated with boiling water had more similar characteristics to the α-cellulose sample, evidencing an influence of the regeneration strategy on the resulting powder after the ionic liquid treatment

Physicochemical properties of maize cob cellulose powders reconstituted from ionic liquid solution

제약공업에서 정제를 성형시 사용하는 가장 중요한 첨가제 중의 하나인 미정질 셀룰로우스를 대상으로 하여 유성밀로 분쇄했을 때, 분쇄공정변수가 그것의 비표면적에 미치는 영향을 고찰하기 위하여 회귀분석을 하였다. 분쇄공정변수로서 독립변수인 시료장입량, 밀회전수 및 분쇄시간과 종속변수인 비표면적 사이에는 이차다항회귀곡선식이...

분쇄공정변수가 Microcrystalline cellulose의 비표면적에 미치는 영향

Orange mesocarp was obtained after removal of the epicarp and the endocarp from oranges. It was dried, pulverized and digested with 2% w/v sodium hydroxide at 80°C for 3 h. Alpha- and micro-crystalline celluloses were extracted from the pulp using 17.5% w/v and 2.5 N hydrochloric acid, respectively. The physicochemical and powder properties of the extracted material were evaluated. Results obtained showed that the yield of α-cellulose from the orange mesocarp was 62.5% and that of microcrystalline cellulose 25.3%. The total water-soluble substances were 0.0018 g/g, ash 0.00035 g/g and the true density 1.760 g cm−1, while the pH and hydration capacity are 6.61 and 2.916, respectively. Elemental analysis of the cellulose ash shows the absence of Pb and Mn and the preponderance of K, Na and Fe. The water sorption profile of the microcrystalline cellulose was also studied.

Investigation of the physicochemical properties of microcrystalline cellulose from agricultural wastes I: orange mesocarp

Purification, characterization and comparative studies of spray-dried bacterial cellulose microparticles

The above data demonstrated that MCC derived from sisal fibers could be an industrially feasible alternative for currently used MCCs as diluent and disintegrant for both immediate-release as well as sustained-release oral solid dosage forms.

Nitin A. Bhimte

Papers

Evaluation of microcrystalline cellulose prepared from sisal fibers as a tablet excipient: a technical note.