Accurate measurement of the downwash flow field of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is essential for analyzing the spatial distribution of droplets. To realize on-line rapid detection of the downwash flow field of a multi-rotor UAV, a flexible polypropylene detection device based on the principle of full bridge strain effect was proposed. Its performance principle was based on the physical deformation caused by wind pressure. The Fluid Flow and Static Structural modules of ANSYS 16.0 finite element software were used to simulate one-way fluid-solid coupling interaction. The surface of the resistive strain gauge embedded in the flexible detecting structure responded well to wind speed variation, hence it was suitable for downwash airflow wind field detection. By solving the strain force on the surface of the flexible detection structure, the length and layout of the grating wire of the strain gauge on the surface of the flexible detection structure were optimized. Meanwhile at 4 m·s-1 wind speed, the output voltage at varied bridge flexible acquisition systems in the acquisition card was measured. Results indicated coefficient of variation of 3.67%, 1.63% and 1.5%, respectively, which proved the good data acquisition consistency of the system. Through calibration test, the regression equation for the relationship between output voltage and wind speed for three unique sensor signal measuring circuits was established. The determination coefficients R2 for single bridge, half bridge and full bridge circuits were 0.9885, 0.9866 and 0.9959, respectively. In conclusion, by applying the multi-rotor plant protection UAV test platform, the results indicated the maximum relative error of the wind speed at each sampling point of the system at 1.0 m altitude was below 5.61%. Simulated and measured value had an RMSE maximum error of 0.1246 m·s-1. Moreover, downwash airflow detection not only has high accuracy but also has high sensitivity. Thus, there is convenience and practicability in the plant protection offered by this approach. The rapid measurement of UAV wind field and the established two-dimensional wind field model can provide a basis for precise application of agricultural aviation.

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Design of UAV Downwash Airflow Field Detection System Based on Strain Effect Principle

Uniform seed distribution within the row is the prime objective of precision planters for better crop growth and yield. Inclined plate planters are generally used for sowing bold seeds like maize, groundnut, chickpea, and their operating parameters like the forward speed of operation, the seed metering plate inclination, and the seed level in the hopper affect the cell fill and subsequently the uniform seed distribution. Therefore, to achieve precise seed distribution, these parameters need to be optimized. In the present study, out of the different optimization techniques, a new intelligent optimization technique based on the integrated ANN-PSO approach has been used to achieve the set goal. A 3–5-1 artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed for predicting the cell fill of inclined plate seed metering device, and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was applied to obtain the optimum values of the operating parameters corresponding to 100% cell fill. The most appropriate optimal values of the forward speed of operation, the seed metering plate inclination, and the seed level in the hopper for achieving 100% cell fill were found to be 3 km/h, 50-degree, and 75% of total height, respectively. The proposed integrated ANN-PSO approach was capable of predicting the optimal values of operating parameters with a maximum deviation of 2% compared to the experimental results, thus confirmed the reliability of the proposed optimization technique.

Optimizing the seed-cell filling performance of an inclined plate seed metering device using integrated ANN-PSO approach

Research on the constitutive model of low-damage corn threshing based on DEM

A wedge-shaped no-tillage opener consisting of sharp front knife edge and pedestal with lateral wings has been designed. The front knife is connected with the pedestal by means of inner bolts and can be conveniently changed when it is abraded.Tests of resistance and power consumption are carried out in the field covered with maize straw.Test results show that the wedged-shaped no-tillage opener can reduce the surface soil disturbance to between 15% and 25%,and reduce the straw coverage rate by 10%～20%, so it can satisfy the requirement of no-tillage sowing.In comparison to the tine opener,it has the advantages that the soil bulk density is decreased significantly,the resistance and the fuel consumption are reduced by 13.2% and 15% separately when the depth of furrow opening is 10 cm,thus reducing the power consumption of tractor.So the wedged-shaped no-tillage opener solves the problem of high resistance and power consumption when the depth of furrow opening is 10 cm,and creates the loose seedbed,and which has important significance to the popularization and application of no-tillage seeders in China.

Design and Experiment on a Wedge Shaped No-tillage Opener

Полезная модель относится к сельскому хозяйству. Комбинированный почвообрабатывающий агрегат включает раму, на которой смонтированы вертикальные стойки с осями и установленные на осях с возможностью вращения сферические диски, имеющие регулируемый угол атаки, глубокорыхлители, сзади агрегата установлены транспортно-технологические колеса. По периферии каждого сферического диска выполнены выемки в виде полукруга, а режущая кромка сферических дисков заточена. С задней частью рамы агрегата закреплена катковая приставка, содержащая последовательно установленные катки рыхлительного и выравнивающего типа, Н-образную раму, кронштейны и штанги. На каждой штанге установлены гайки и пружина. Каток рыхлительного типа содержит ось и дисковые рыхлители, установленные на оси катка рыхлительного типа через равные интервалы в горизонтальной плоскости. По периферии дисковых рыхлителей выполнены треугольные выемки. Вершины, расположенные между треугольными выемками, также выполнены треугольными и двусторонне заточенными и направленными в разные стороны от геометрической оси вращения дисковых рыхлителей. Каток выравнивающего типа содержит ось, боковые и промежуточные диски, установленные на оси через равные интервалы в горизонтальной плоскости. По периферии боковых и промежуточных дисков выполнены треугольные выемки. В треугольных выемках боковых и промежуточных дисков и установлены рыхлители таким образом, что они образуют винтовую линию. Направление винтовой линии выравнивающего катка начинается от его продольной оси симметрии и направлено в сторону боковых дисков. Рыхлители в поперечном сечении выполнены квадратными и скрученными по всей длине на угол α относительно своей продольной оси симметрии таким образом, что острые кромки каждого рыхлителя образуют винтовые линии. Острые грани рыхлителей направлены в разные стороны от геометрической оси вращения выравнивающего катка. Обеспечивается повышение качества обработки почвы. 4 ил.

Комбинированный почвообрабатывающий агрегат

The invention relates to a multi-variety-adaptive leafy vegetable harvester and a harvesting method. The harvester comprises a rack, a plant lifting device, a root soil shoveling and cutting device, aclamping and conveying device, a traveling device and a transmission device, the rack is used for supporting and fixing other devices, the plant lifting device is used for forming columnar gas, lifting plants of green leafy vegetables in a harvesting area and bundling and leading the green leafy vegetables in rows to a cutting area, the root soil shoveling and cutting device is used for shovelingand cutting root systems of the green leafy vegetables, the clamping and conveying device is used for clamping the green leafy vegetables and conveying the same into a vegetable basket, the travelingdevice is used for traveling of the harvester on the ground and adjusting an angle between the harvester and the ground, and the transmission device is used for driving the clamping and conveying device. The harvester realizes mechanical operations like plant lifting, shearing, clamping and conveying of the green leafy vegetables and can harvest the green leafy vegetables different in variety andsize, breakage rate of the green leafy vegetables during harvesting is lowered greatly, and labor productivity is improved.

Multi-variety-adaptive leafy vegetable harvester and harvesting method

The utility model relates to a whole involving in a criminal case of self -propelled vegetables with green leaves harvester continues harvesting device, including frame, leaf dish draw in the ware in, the device that loosens the soil, undercut device, centre gripping upset conveyor, horizontal conveyor, land wheel device, running gear. The leaf dish draws the ware in and is used for carrying out the dish leaf and drawing in gathering in the crops regional vegetables with green leaves, the device that loosens the soil is used for not hard uply by the soil of centre gripping upset conveyor horizontal component stationary vegetables with green leaves root system department, centre gripping upset conveyor is used for choosing and the leaf dish centre gripping of gathering together with the leaf dish upset state of levelling up, the undercut device is used for the operation of leaf dish root undercut, horizontal conveyor is used for transporting the vegetables with green leaves that results are good, the land wheel device be used for supporting the anterior and dynamic adjustment harvesting device's of harvesting device terrain clearance, the utility model discloses stem phyllogen position, the root system vibrations that can realize vegetables with green leaves are loosened the soil, continuous gathering is involved in a criminal case to complete choose whole of plant, gather in the cropss with low costsly, efficient, and the effective output of improvement vegetables with green leaves accords with the purchasing habit, has longer storage life.

Whole involving in a criminal case of self -propelled vegetables with green leaves harvester continues harvesting device

The invention provides a soil disinfecting subsoiler with a flame deep layer sterilizing function and a method. The soil disinfecting subsoiler comprises a machine frame, a subsoiler compacting device and a high-temperature sterilizing device. The machine frame is used for supporting and fixing other devices and connected with a tractor hanging system in a hanging or traction mode and provides power for the tractor hanging system. The subsoiler compacting device is used for completing the soil deep loosening and land preparing work and the breaking and compacting work of earth surface soil blocks. The high-temperature sterilizing device is used for realizing fire spraying of multiple fire spraying heads to complete the high-temperature soil sterilizing and insect killing work. By means of the high-temperature flame sterilizing and insect killing mode, oxygen-enriched combustion gas is sprayed at a high speed through a space formed by turning soil at the rear portion of a subsoiler shovel handle underground, flame is located underground during combustion and used for killing bacteria, and the energy utilization rate is high; targeted soil disinfecting work is conducted for large fields with soil of different pollution conditions, the pollution caused for the environment and crops by using highly poisonous chemical pesticides is solved, and the aim of improving the environment is improved.

Soil disinfecting subsoiler with flame deep layer sterilizing function and method

The invention provides a lubricating and resistance-reducing subsoiler combining layering deep fertilization and a method. The subsoiler comprises a rack, a high-pressure fertilizer-injection, lubricating and resistance-reducing device, a deep ploughing device and a suppressing device; the rack is used for supporting and fixing other devices, is in hooking or traction with a suspension system of a tractor and provides power for the tractor; the deep ploughing device is used for completing soil deep ploughing and fertilization operation; the suppressing device is used for completing crushing and compacting of soil blocks on the earth surface after deep ploughing operation; the high-pressure fertilizer-injection, lubricating and resistance-reducing device is used for completing layering injection, mixing of a degradable lubricant and a liquid fertilizer and high pressure injection of the mixed solution at the position of the cutting edge of the subsoiler. According to the lubricating and resistance-reducing subsoiler combining layering deep fertilization and the method, an active lubricating and resistance-reducing manner is adopted, a lubricating film is formed between the soil and the subsoiler wing, the liquid fertilizer is injected into the range of 10-25 cm under the earth surface while the deep ploughing resistance is reduced, the fertility of the crop field is improved during deep ploughing, crop field layering deep fertilization is realized, the water retention, soil moisture conservation and fertilizer retention capacities of the crop field are improved, and the crop moisture and nutrient absorbing capacity is increased.

Lubricating and resistance-reducing subsoilercombining layering deep fertilization and method

The invention provides an adaptive multi-frequency ultrasonic-vibration low-resistance wear-resistance subsoiler and an operation method thereof. The adaptive multi-frequency ultrasonic-vibration low-resistance wear-resistance subsoiler comprises a frame, a subsoiling soil-preparation device and an ultrasonic vibration device. The frame is used for supporting and fixing the subsoiling soil-preparation device and the ultrasonic vibration device and is connected with a tractor suspension system; the subsoiling soil-preparation device is used for work of subsoiling and soil preparation, surface soil block breaking and compacting; the ultrasonic vibration device is used for generating ultrasonic waves and converting the same into high-frequency mechanical vibration for the subsoiling operationparts so as to realize ultrasonic vibration operation of the subsoiler. By means of ultrasonic-vibration resistance reducing, the subsoiler needs low power as compared with the conventional subsoilerduring operation; with the adaptive multi-frequency ultrasonic vibration working mode, the subsoiler is adaptable to different work environments; adhesion and resistance are both reduced by means ofultrasonic vibration on the shovel surface, the problem of severe wear to the subsoiler during operation can be solved, and accordingly, dependency to import parts is reduced.

Niu Ziru

Papers

Multi-variety-adaptive leafy vegetable harvester and harvesting method

Whole involving in a criminal case of self -propelled vegetables with green leaves harvester continues harvesting device

Soil disinfecting subsoiler with flame deep layer sterilizing function and method

Lubricating and resistance-reducing subsoilercombining layering deep fertilization and method

Adaptive multi-frequency ultrasonic-vibration low-resistance wear-resistance subsoiler and operation method thereof