Friction welding (FW) is a high quality, nominally solid-state joining process, which produces welds of high structural integrity. Rotary friction welding (RFW) is the most commonly used form of FW, while linear friction welding (LFW) is a relatively new method being used mainly for the production of integrally bladed disc (blisk) assemblies in the aircraft engine industry. Numerous similar and dissimilar joints of structural metallic materials have been welded with RFW and LFW. In this review, the current state of understanding and development of RFW and LFW is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on the process parameters, joint microstructure, residual stresses, mechanical properties and their relationships. Finally, opportunities for further research and development of the RFW and LFW processes are identified.

Linear and rotary friction welding review

Investigation on AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel to AISI 4140 low alloy steel dissimilar joints by gas tungsten arc, electron beam and friction welding

Friction welding is now well established as one of the most economical and highly productive methods in joining similar and dissimilar metals. It is widely used in automotive and aerospace industrial applications. Friction welding is often the only viable alternative in this field to overcome the difficulties encountered in joining the materials with widely varying physical characteristics. This process employs a machine that is designed to convert mechanical energy into heat at the joint to weld using relative movement between workpieces, without the use of electrical energy or heat from other sources. This review deals with the fundamental understanding of the process. The focus is on the mechanism of friction welding, types of relative motions of the process, influence of parameters, heat generation in the process, understanding the deformation, microstructure and the properties of similar and dissimilar welded materials.

Advances in friction welding process: a review

Investigation of surface integrity, material removal rate and wire wear ratio for WEDM of Nimonic 80A alloy using GRA and Taguchi method

Microstructure and properties of AA7075/Al–SiC composites fabricated using powder metallurgy and hot pressing

Materials difficult to weld by fusion welding processes can be successfully welded by friction welding. The strength of the friction welded joints is extremely affected by process paramete...

Optimization of Tensile Strength of Friction Welded AISI 1040 and AISI 304L Steels According to Statistics Analysis (ANOVA)

Bu calismada, kendi sinifinda en yaygin kullanim alanina sahip AISI 2205 dubleks paslanmaz celik ile kaynak kabiliyeti yuksek ve ayni zamanda uygun fiyat avantajna sahip dusuk karbonlu AISI 1020 celik cifti farkli islem parametreleri (1300, 1500 ve 1700 rpm devir sayisi, 4, 6 ve 8 s surtunme suresi ve 40 MPa surtunme basinci) kullanilarak kati hal kaynak yontemlerinden biri olan surekli tahrikli surtunme kaynagi ile birlestirilmistir. Elde edilen bu kaynakli baglantilarin birlesme arayuzeyinde meydana gelen degisiklikler SEM analizi ile belirlenmistir. Kaynakli baglantilara cekme testi uygulanarak hasar sureclerinin incelenmis olup, baglanti arayuzeyine dik dogrultuda mikrosertlik olcumleri yapilmistir.

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Aisi 2205 / aisi 1020 malzeme çi̇fti̇ni̇n sürtünrme kaynaği i̇le bi̇rleşti̇ri̇lmesi̇

This study investigates the applicability of joining an aluminum matrix composite, reinforced with 5, 10, and 15 wt.-% of SiCp particles, to AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel by using friction welding technique. In this study, optical and electron microscopes, lap shear strength test, and microhardness measurements were used to assess the quality of bonding of Al-Cu-SiCp and AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel joints performed by using friction welding. The strength of the friction welded joints was significantly affected by process parameters (rotation speed, friction time, friction pressure, forging time and forging pressure). Additionally, lap shear and axial shortening test results were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a confidence level of 95 % to find out presence of a statistically significant difference.

Functional ANOVA investigation of the effects of friction welding parameters on the joint characteristics of aluminum based MMC to AISI 304 stainless steel

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a monel/nickel interlayer electrode prepared with a thickness of 2 mm on the weldability properties of duplex stainless steel plates welded by means of plasma transfer arc welding. After welding, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometry were carried out to determine the microstructural changes that occurred in the interface regions of the welds. Moreover, tensile strength, microhardness and fractography tests were conducted for assessing the mechanical properties of the welded specimens. The results of tests and examinations indicated that the tensile strength of welded parts with a nickel interlayer was higher than that of with and without a monel interlayer.

Weldability of duplex stainless steels with and without Cu/Ni interlayer using plasma arc welding

In this study, micro-structural and mechanical properties of friction welded joints of AISI 1040/304L steel parts were investigated. The experiments were carried out with continuous-drive friction welding machine on 1300, 1500 and 1700 rpm rotation speed, at 4, 6 and 8 s friction time and constant friction-forging pressure. The microstructures of the welded joints and the HAZ were examined by SEM analysis. The strength of the welds was determined by tensile tests. Microhardness values of the joints were also obtained with the HV hardness scale. The result of this study indicated that the properties of microstructure were changed while interface temperature increase with friction time, tensile strength values also confirmed this result. The best properties were observed at the specimens welded on 1700 rpm rotation speed and 4 second friction time specimen.

Niyazi Özdemir

Papers

Optimization of Tensile Strength of Friction Welded AISI 1040 and AISI 304L Steels According to Statistics Analysis (ANOVA)

Aisi 2205 / aisi 1020 malzeme çi̇fti̇ni̇n sürtünrme kaynaği i̇le bi̇rleşti̇ri̇lmesi̇

Functional ANOVA investigation of the effects of friction welding parameters on the joint characteristics of aluminum based MMC to AISI 304 stainless steel

Weldability of duplex stainless steels with and without Cu/Ni interlayer using plasma arc welding

Examination of microstructure and mechanical properties of friction welded joints of medium carbon steel to austenitic stainless steel