Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by Ribeirinhos in the North Araguaia microregion, Mato Grosso, Brazil

This study aimed to investigate the local botanical knowledge of native food plants in three rural communities, located in the semiarid region of Paraiba State, Brazil, verifying possibilities of differences of knowledge among communities and between men and women. Semi-structured interviews about native plant knowledge and use were conducted with all householders in each community, totaling 117 informants. The species similarity among the communities of Pau D’Arco, Varzea Alegre, and Barroquinha was compared with Jaccard index, and the use value index (UVgeneral, UVcurrent, UVpotential) was used to determine the most important species. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the use values among communities and genders. The consensus factor among the informants was calculated according to the uses cited, and the Wilcoxon test was used to compare the use values between men and women. We recorded 9 species belonging to 8 genera and 8 families in Varzea Alegre; 10 species, 9 genera, and 9 families in Barroquinha; and 7 species, 7 genera and 7 families in Pau D’Arco. Spondias tuberosa Arruda (Anacardiaceae) in Varzea Alegre, Spondias sp. (Anacardiaceae) in Barroquinha, and Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) in Pau D’Arco were the most prominent species. Preparation methods are slightly different in the three communities, and there is low similarity about species use among the communities. Regarding gender, the analysis of use value among the communities evidenced significant differences only for UVgeneral among women, specifically between Barroquinha and Pau D’Arco. For men and women within each community, there is a difference only for UVpotential in Barroquinha. This study showed that the residents of the three rural communities have limited knowledge of native food plants found in their communities, but they know where to find them, which parts they may use and how to consume them. The fact is that men know plants that are more distant from the residences and women know those that are next to them.

/pdf/local-botanical-knowledge-of-native-food-plants-in-the-4c1y4m372b.pdf

Local botanical knowledge of native food plants in the semiarid region of Brazil

https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/1345/download/3038/

Surface albedo as a proxy for land-cover clearing in seasonally dry forests: evidence from the Brazilian Caatinga

In this work we describe the structure of arboreal and shrubby vegetation in Serido Ecological Station, municipality of Serra Negra do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. We sampled and identified all individuals present in 30 plots of 200 m2 area with diameter at ground level ≥ 3 cm and total height ≥ 1 m,. Spatial distribution pattern was determined by Payandeh index. We registered 2,448 individuals, distributed in 22 species, 20 genera and 12 families. Density was 4,080 individuals ha -1 and basal area 17.50 m 2 ha -1 , while average height and diameter reached 2.45 m and 6.80 cm, respectively. The families with larger number of species were Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae, giving emphasis in number of individuals of Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae and Apocynaceae. Poincianella pyramidalis , Aspidosperma pyrifolium and Croton blanchetianus were the most important species of the population accounting together for the greater number of individuals, basal area and importance value. The studied area shows little evidence of human disturbance, with structure similar to other protected areas in Serido Caatinga and higher proportion of species with aggregated distribution or with a tendency to aggregation, revealing that the largest populations form small groups.

/pdf/estrutura-e-distribuicao-espacial-da-vegetacao-da-caatinga-2ke9tluwuu.pdf

Estrutura e distribuição espacial da vegetação da Caatinga na Estação Ecológica do Seridó, RN

Signifi cant reductions in the water levels of lakes are infl uenced by droughts
and freshwater demands, especially in semi-arid regions, where hydric stress is greater.
The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of phytoplankton during two
different water volume periods resulting from an extended drought in a semi-arid
lake. Another objective was to compare two functional approaches to test which
one of these best captures phytoplankton variability as a function of environmental
variability. Multivariate analyses performed using the Reynolds Functional Groups (RFG)
and Morphology-Based Functional Groups (MBFG) classifi cation schemes indicated two
periods, high and a low water volume. The results demonstrated the importance of
light availability on phytoplankton assemblages as these two periods showed signifi cant
differences in water transparency and phytoplankton composition. During extended
droughts the reduction in water volume enhances the development of bloom-forming
cyanobacteria through the limitation of light in a eutrophic man-made lake. Moreover,
both functional traits approaches demonstrated the effect of light availability on
phytoplankton assemblage composition and can be applied in similar systems. However,
the RFG classifi cation provides more information and allows a more detailed description
of the algal assemblages

/pdf/influence-of-water-volume-reduction-on-the-phytoplankton-41i1i4s2if.pdf

Influence of water volume reduction on the phytoplankton dynamics in a semi-arid man-made lake: A comparison of two morphofunctional approaches.

A etnobotânica aborda a forma como diferentes grupos humanos interagem com os recursos vegetais. No presente estudo essa relacao foi analisada na comunidade rural Sao Francisco, municipio de Cabaceiras (Paraiba/Nordeste/Brasil), buscando analisar o conhecimento e uso que os moradores atribuem aos recursos vegetais. Para identificar a disponibilidade das especies na vegetacao, foi realizado um estudo fitossociologico nas proximidades da comunidade. Os dados etnobotânicos foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os chefes de familia, os quais assinaram o termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido exigido pelo Comite de Etica em Pesquisa, totalizando123 informantes (53 homens e 70 mulheres). As citacoes de uso foram organizadas em 11 categorias. Calculou-se o valor de uso das especies e categorias por meio de tres calculos (VU geral ,VU atual e VU potencial ). Nas parcelas foram registradas 16 especies, 14 generos e 10 familias, destacando-se Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart., Croton blanchetianus Baill e Poincianella pyramidalis Tul. Nas entrevistas registraram-se 40 plantas uteis, identificadas 38 especies, 34 generos e 16 familias. Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemao, Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart., Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem & Schult.) T. D. Penn., foram as especies com maiores valores de uso VU geral , VU atual e VU potencial . A correlacao de Pearson e o teste de Wilcoxon evidenciaram fortes correlacoes entre todos os valores de uso (p < 0,0001), e entre os generos (p < 0,05). Os dados evidenciam o uso atual de muitas especies, sendo necessarios estudos que avaliem o impacto sobre as mesmas, principalmente sobre M. urundeuva , que esta ameacada de extincao.

Conhecimento e Uso da Vegetação Nativa da Caatinga em uma Comunidade Rural da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

Local Botanical Knowledge About Useful Species in a Semi-Arid Region From Northeastern Brazil

Aim To evaluate the structure and dynamics of functional phytoplankton groups (FGs) over a macrophyte cover gradient and their relations with environmental variable in small, shallow clear-water lake. Methods Physical, chemical and phytoplankton analyses were made between August 2014 and June 2015 at three points on the Santa Lucia lake (Paraiba, Brazil). Tukey and Wilcoxon tests were applied to the data followed by CCA and Anova. Results The submerged macrophyte cover and phytoplankton biomass presented high spatial and temporal uniformity. The increase in rainfall induced small variations in functional groups, promoting increase the N group and reduction of the SN. Conclusion The homogeneity in the composition and structure functional groups along macrophyte cover confirm the tendency that in small and shallow lakes communities of limnetic and shoreline zones tend to be similar.

/pdf/spatial-and-temporal-dynamics-of-functional-groups-of-4cwh0im8ps.pdf

Spatial and temporal dynamics of functional groups of phytoplankton in a tropical shallow lake

Timber resources are constantly used by traditional communities to meet their everyday needs. Assuming the importance and use of these resources for energy purposes, we applied the inventory in situ method, over 12 months, aiming to identify the species most used as firewood and charcoal, their dynamics of renewal, and species availability in the forest fragment studied. The study was conducted in the Rural Community of Sao Francisco, Municipality of Cabaceiras (Paraiba State, Northeast Brazil). Overall, we recorded 15 species, 14 genera, and 6 botanical families, from which Fabaceae (8 spp) and Anacardiaceae (3 spp) were the most prominent, due to having greater diversity of species. The most used native species in the community was Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemao (aroeira) and we also recorded the constant use of Prosopis juliflora (algaroba), which is an exotic species. The results evidenced the effective use of natural resources, and may complement in general ethnobotanical studies.

/pdf/inventory-in-situ-of-plant-resources-used-as-fuel-in-the-13d96r3z4z.pdf

Inventory in situ of plant resources used as fuel in the Semiarid Region of Northeast Brazil

O uso da ludicidade tem sido cada vez mais difundido em diversas pesquisas referentes a disciplina de Ciências e Biologia, as quais apresentam um conteúdo em sua maioria abstrato e que requer a utilização de ferramentas didáticas, que sejam capazes de facilitar a aproximação entre teoria e prática. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho, tem o objetivo de relatar a aplicação de um jogo didático a respeito do Reino Fungi, bem como avaliar a percepção dos alunos do segundo ano do nível médio sobre a atividade lúdica trabalhada. A coleta de dados foi realizada em uma escola da rede estadual de Barreiras-BA, a partir da intervenção de estagiários do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade do Estado da Bahia UNEB, ao longo de três semanas consecutivas. O jogo aplicado com as turmas foi o “Trampolim dos Fungos” composto por 50 questões e finalizado com a aplicação do questionário sobre a percepção das turmas a respeito do mesmo. Os dados foram tabelados com auxílio do programa Microsoft Excel versão, 2010, no qual foi possível constatar que o uso de jogos didáticos promove a aprendizagem, socialização entre os alunos, no entanto, ainda é bastante restrita a utilização dessa ferramenta na escola. É importante destacar que a sua utilização deve estar atrelada a uma metodologia de ensino consolidada, capaz de subsidiar ao aluno uma boa base teórica dos conteúdos.

/pdf/aplicacao-e-validacao-do-jogo-trampolim-dos-fungos-uma-4it2pqre36.pdf

Núbia da Silva

Papers

Conhecimento e Uso da Vegetação Nativa da Caatinga em uma Comunidade Rural da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

Local Botanical Knowledge About Useful Species in a Semi-Arid Region From Northeastern Brazil

Spatial and temporal dynamics of functional groups of phytoplankton in a tropical shallow lake

Inventory in situ of plant resources used as fuel in the Semiarid Region of Northeast Brazil

Aplicação e validação do jogo “trampolim dos fungos”: uma proposta lúdica e didática no ensino médio