Ni–TiO 2 nanocomposite coatings with various contents of TiO 2 nanoparticles were prepared by electrodeposition in a Ni plating bath containing TiO 2 nanoparticles to be codeposited. The influences of the TiO 2 nanoparticle concentration in the plating bath, the current density and the stirring rate on the composition of nanocomposite coatings were investigated. The composition of coatings was studied by using energy dispersive X-ray system (EDX). The wear behavior of the pure Ni and Ni–TiO 2 nanocomposite coatings were evaluated by a pin-on-disc tribometer. The corrosion performance of coatings in 0.5 M NaCl, 1 M NaOH and 1 M HNO 3 as corrosive solutions was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods (EIS). The microhardness and wear resistance of the nanocomposite coatings increase with increasing of TiO 2 nanoparticle content in the coating. With increasing of TiO 2 nanoparticle content in the coating, the polarization resistance increases, the corrosion current decreases and the corrosion potential shifts to more positive values.

Ni–TiO2 nanocomposite coating with high resistance to corrosion and wear

Growth in nanocoatings technology is moving towards implementing nanocoatings in many sectors of the industry due to their excellent abilities. Nanocoatings offer numerous advantages, including surface hardness, adhesive strength, long-term and/or high-temperature corrosion resistance, the enhancement of tribological properties, etc. In addition, nanocoatings can be applied in thinner and smoother thickness, which allows flexibility in equipment design, improved efficiency, lower fuel economy, lower carbon footprints, and lower maintenance and operating costs. Nanocoatings are utilised efficiently to reduce the effect of a corrosive environment. A nanocoating is a coating that either has constituents in the nanoscale, or is composed of layers that are less than 100 nm. The fine sizes of nanomaterials and the high density of their ground boundaries enable good adhesion and an excellent physical coverage of the coated surface. Yet, such fine properties might form active sites for corrosion attack. This paper reviews the corrosion behaviour of metallic, ceramic, and nanocomposite coatings on the surface of metallic substrates. It summarises the factors affecting the corrosion of these substrates, as well as the conditions where such coatings provided required protection.

A Review on the Corrosion Behaviour of Nanocoatings on Metallic Substrates

Mechanical and electrochemical properties of ultrasonic-assisted electroless deposition of Ni–B–TiO2 composite coatings

The metallic coating of surfaces plays a vital role in the protection of most industrial applications. Coatings can be carried through various routes (e.g., mechanical and electrochemical plating techniques). Electroless nickel coatings present unparalleled properties and a unique combination of corrosion and wear resistance features. Recently, the use and development of electroless nickel-phosphorus (ENP) coatings has attracted broad attention from many industries (e.g., oil and gas) due to their superior corrosion and wear resistance properties. In the present review article, mechanisms of ENP and preparation methods are briefly outlined. The review sheds light on properties of electroless Ni-P coatings and of their nanocomposites with an emphasis on new products and on their future development.

Recent advances in electroless-plated Ni-P and its composites for erosion and corrosion applications: a review

In an effort to utilize beneficial aspects of nanoparticles in providing corrosion and wear resistance, electroless Ni-P and Ni-P-Al2O3 nanocomposite coatings were produced. Alumina particles with various contents from 5 to 20 g/L in bath were co-deposited within Ni-P deposits on mild steel (ms) substrate. Coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphology, energy dispersive analysis of x-ray EDAX for analyzing elemental composition and x-ray diffractometry for investigating the structural changes of their components. Electrochemical and immersion measurements were used to analyze corrosion behavior of the coatings in 3.5% NaCl solution. Wear resistance of the coating was measured by pin-on-disc method. The results indicated that the Ni-P-Al2O3 coatings provide the high hardness as compare to the Ni-P coating. Corrosion and wear resistance of coatings is observed to be superior to that of ms. Corrosion protection properties of the coatings are found to be affected with continuous exposure to the electrolyte. Coating with high concentration of alumina is exhibiting high wear resistance than Ni-P coating. Wear mechanism in case of Ni-P coating appears to be adhesive type and seems to change to abrasive type on introduction of alumina.

Electroless Ni-P and Ni-P-Al 2 O 3 Nanocomposite Coatings and Their Corrosion and Wear Resistance

The corrosion protection performance of electroless deposited nickel–phosphorus (Ni–P) alloy coatings containing tungsten (Ni–P–W) or nano-scattered alumina (Ni–P–Al 2 O 3 ) composite coatings on low carbon steel was studied. The effect of heat treatment on the coating performance was also studied. The optimum conditions under which such coatings can provide good corrosion protection to the substrate were determined after two weeks of immersion in 3.5% NaCl solution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization measurements have been used to evaluate the coating performance before and after heat treatment. The Ni–P–W coatings showed the highest surface resistance compared with Ni–P–Al 2 O 3 and Ni–P. The surface resistance of Ni–P–W coatings was 12.0 × 10 4  Ω cm 2 which is about the double of the resistance showed by Ni–P–Al 2 O 3 (7.00 × 10 4  Ω cm 2 ) and twenty times greater than the surface resistance of Ni–P (0.78 × 10 4  Ω cm 2 ). XRD analysis of non-heat-treated samples revealed formation of a protective tungsten phosphide phase. Heat treatment has an adverse effect on the corrosion protection performance of tungsten and alumina composite coatings. The surface resistance decreased sharply after heat treatment.

O.F. Abdel Salam

Papers

Corrosion behavior of electroless Ni–P alloy coatings containing tungsten or nano-scattered alumina composite in 3.5% NaCl solution

Reinforcing styrene–butadiene rubber with local Libyan grasses; Stipa tenacissima and Stipagrostis pungens