The changes induced in the physiological, biochemical and anatomical characteristics of Vicia faba by the exogenous application of proline under seawater stress

Irrigation with diluted seawater can act as an alternate water resource and thus plays an important role in saving fresh water resources as well as promoting agriculture. Salinity stress is considered as one of the major abiotic stresses which strongly reduced crop productivity. A pot experiment was conducted at wire house of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt to elucidate the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with proline (0, 5, and 10 mM as P0, P1 and P2, respectively) on some physiological, biochemical and anatomical attributes of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plants under seawater stress (0.23, 3.13, 6.25 dS/m as tap water TW, SW1 and SW2, respectively). The irrigation with sea water was applied 16 days after sowing and lasted for 50 days. Plant samples were collected after 65 days from sowing. Results showed that increasing sea water concentration induced reduction in all growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves and shoot dry weights/plant), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids), total carbohydrate, contents of P, Ca, K and K:Na ratio of faba bean leaves compared with those of the untreated unstressed plants(TWP0). Increasing sea water stress led to increases in total phenolics, free amino acids, proline and soluble carbohydrate as well as values of N, Na, and Cl. Special attention was paid to the effect of proline treatments on the salt stressed faba bean that stimulates plant salt tolerance via improving growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrate and total carbohydrate meanwhile phenolic content, proline, Na, Cl were decreased relative to their corresponding salinity controls. Sea water stress and proline treatments induced over expression for new protein bands with high density. The effect of salinity stress and/or proline on anatomical structure of vegetative organs was under consideration. From these results, pre-sowing faba bean seed treatment with proline seem to enhance faba bean salt tolerance by amelioration of photosynthetic pigments, ion accumulations, and anatomical structure of vegetative organs, hence improved plant growth and the preservation of a suitable plant water status under salinity conditions.

Pre-sowing seed treatment with proline improves some physiological, biochemical and anatomical attributes of faba bean plants under sea water stress.

Active yeast extract counteracts the harmful effects of salinity stress on the growth of leucaena plant

El proposito de la investigacion consistio en estudiar la respuesta de Paulownia elongata, P. fortunei y un hibrido (Paulownia fortunei x elongata) a un sistema de recepa y evaluar el desempeno de los brotes juveniles, como estrategia para confirmar su adaptabilidad a las condiciones bioclimaticas de estepa espinosa Montano Bajo. El ensayo se instalo en diciembre del 2 015, en una plantacion clonal de dos anos de edad, plantada por INIAP y ESPOCH en la granja Tunshi, Ecuador. Se establecieron 9 bloques por especie para un total de 27 parcelas experimentales, con 9 observaciones por parcela neta. El tratamiento silvicultural ejecutado fue poda de renovacion/recepa, realizando un corte del tallo en bisel a dos centimetros de altura desde el suelo. Las variables evaluadas fueron: Dias a la brotacion, numero de brotes por tocon, diametro a la base del brote y altura del brote. Los tres materiales estudiados respondieron positivamente a la practica silvicultural, 90% de tocones brotados a los 61 dias de haber realizado el ensayo. A los 29 dias de la recepa ya se encontraron brotes epicormicos en las tres especies de Paulownia, presentando entre 1 y 13 brotes por tocon. En crecimiento dasometrico, P. fortunei experimento el mayor promedio en altura (81,85 cm), seguida por P. elongata (70,51 cm) y Paulownia hibrido (65,53 cm), siendo 3,5 veces mayor a los promedios de altura y 4 veces mayor en diametro a la altura de la base del tallo, de los reportados en el primer ano de evaluacion. Estos resultados avizoran probables comportamientos adecuados y adaptacion como una especie forestal-agroforestal de interes para caracteristicas similares del sitio de estudio.
This study is aimed to evaluate the response Paulownia elongata, P. fortunei and hibrid (Paulownia fortunei x elongata) to renewal pruning system and evaluate to develop the juvenile sprout of plants as a strategy to assess its adaptability to the bioclimatic conditions of thorny steppe Montano Bajo, Ecuador. The essay was install in December, 2 015 in one clonal plantation two years old, establish by INIAP and ESPOCH in Tunshi farm, Ecuador. This was established in nine blocks per species for a total of 27 experimental plots with nine observations per net plot. The selviculture treatment executed was renewal pruning, making a bevel cut stem two feet high from the ground. The variables evaluated were: Days sprouting, number of sprouts per stump diameter at the base of the outbreak and height of the outbreak. The three materials studied responded positively to silvicultural practice and 90% of erupted stumps at 61 days responded to development essay. At 29 days from the development the recepa presented epicormics sprout in the three Paulownia species; P. fortunei experienced the greatest average height (81,85 cm), followed by P. elongata (70,51 cm) and hybrid Paulownia (65,53 cm), being 3,5 times greater than the average height and 4 times greater in diameter at the base than those reported in the first year evaluation, these results foresee probable behaviors adapted and adequate as a forestry-agroforestry species of interest from the site of study.
Palabras clave: recepa, poda, silvicultura, dendroenergia.
Keywords: recepa, pruning, silviculture, wood energy.

/pdf/respuesta-de-material-genetico-de-paulownia-spp-a-4g4ryf8gi7.pdf

Respuesta de material genético de Paulownia spp a tratamiento silvicultural, como estrategia para evaluar su adaptabilidad a condiciones climáticas de estepa espinosa Montano Bajo, Ecuador/Response of Paulownia spp genetic material to silviculture, as a s

Cichorium intybus (Chicory) is a summer, tap rooted perennial herb of Asteraceae. C. intybus plants grow naturally in the Bersim (Trifolium alexandrinum) as a natural weed. It is harvested and eaten by animals with Bersim but there is no study for its nutritive value. C. intybus was reported to have many medical uses as: Anti oxidative as the water extract of C. intybus showed a remarkable anti oxidative effect on LDL (low density lipoproteins), and inhibitory effects on the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and the degradation of fatty acids in LDL (Kim and Yang, 2001). Vitamin E and unsaturated fatty acids in LDL were protected by adding water extract of C. intybus from the effects of metal catalyzed LDL oxidation (Kim and Yang, 2001). Also, C. intybus derived beta (2-1) fructans, have been shown to exert cancer protective effects in animal models (Hughes and Rowland, 2001). The two plant-fructans, Effect of the combined treatment with sodium and calcium chlorides on the growth and medicinal compounds of Cichorium intybus ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 7 (2014) pp. 613-630 http://www.ijcmas.com

http://www.ijcmas.com/vol-3-7/M.%20A.Elhaak,%20et%20al.pdf

Effect of the combined treatment with sodium and calcium chlorides on the growth and medicinal compounds of Cichorium intybus

Morphological and anatomical studies on leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) plants grown under stress of different levels of salinity in irrigation water.

O. S. M. El-Kobisy

Papers

Morphological and anatomical studies on leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) plants grown under stress of different levels of salinity in irrigation water.