Motivation: For the early detection of cancer, highly sensitive and specific biomarkers are needed. Particularly, biomarkers in bio-fluids are relatively more useful because those can be used for non-biopsy tests. Although the altered metabolic activities of cancer cells have been observed in many studies, little is known about metabolic biomarkers for cancer screening. In this study, a systematic method is proposed for identifying metabolic biomarkers in urine samples by selecting candidate biomarkers from altered genome-wide gene expression signatures of cancer cells. Biomarkers identified by the present study have increased coherence and robustness because the significances of biomarkers are validated in both gene expression profiles and metabolic profiles.

Results: The proposed method was applied to the gene expression profiles and urine samples of 50 breast cancer patients and 50 normal persons. Nine altered metabolic pathways were identified from the breast cancer gene expression signatures. Among these altered metabolic pathways, four metabolic biomarkers (Homovanillate, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, 5-hydroxyindoleacetate and urea) were identified to be different in cancer and normal subjects (p <0.05). In the case of the predictive performance, the identified biomarkers achieved area under the ROC curve values of 0.75, 0.79 and 0.79, according to a linear discriminate analysis, a random forest classifier and on a support vector machine, respectively. Finally, biomarkers which showed consistent significance in pathways' gene expression as well as urine samples were identified.

Contact: dhlee@biosoft.kaist.ac.kr

Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Combining tissue transcriptomics and urine metabolomics for breast cancer biomarker identification

Through the marriage of mesoporous ceramics with self-assembled monolayer chemistry, the genesis of a powerful new class of environmental sorbent materials has been realized. By coating the mesoporous ceramic backbone with a monolayer terminated with a lanthanide-selective ligand, it is possible to couple high lanthanide binding affinity with the high loading capacity (resulting from the extremely high surface area of the support). This lanthanide-selective ligand field is created by pairing a “hard” anionic Lewis base with a suitable synergistic ligand, in a favorable chelating geometry. Details of the synthesis, characterization, lanthanide binding studies, binding kinetics, competition experiments and sorbent regeneration studies are summarized.

Lanthanide Selective Sorbents: Self-Assembled Monolayers on Mesoporous Supports (SAMMS)

Liquid chromatography has become one of the main powerful analytical tools for the analysis of complex matrices and speciation studies in the field of metal analysis The basic principles, retention mechanisms, materials and method evolutions are discussed with particular reference to ion chromatography Classical and more recent applications are presented

Metal Species Determination by Ion Chromatography

Bifunctional amidoxime fibers are synthesized from commercially available polyacrylonitrile as sorbents for the recovery of U(VI) from seawater. The purpose of introducing a second ligand is to enhance the affinity of the amidoxime (AO) ligand via two possible mechanisms: by acting directly upon the AO to increase its ability to ion exchange or providing additional coordination sites to the uranyl ion. Amines are chosen as the second ligand since they have a high affinity for U(VI) at ppm levels from synthetic seawater. Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is utilized as the amine because it is sufficiently flexible to interact with AO and able to bind metal ions. Along with AO and AO-DETA fibers, the primary NH2 moieties were modified with phosphonic acid ligands (AO-phon-DETA). All fibers have high affinities (>99% sorption) for the uranyl ion when initially present at 0.90 ppm in synthetic seawater. When contacted with actual seawater at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for 20.8 days, the loadings for th...

Polymer-Supported Bifunctional Amidoximes for the Sorption of Uranium from Seawater

Rare earth elements (REE) are present at low concentrations (hundreds of ppm) in phosphoric acid solutions produced by the leaching of phosphate ores by sulfuric acid The strongly acidic and complexing nature of this medium, as well as the presence of metallic impurities (including iron and uranium), require the development of a particularly cost effective process for the selective recovery of REE Compared to the classical but costly solvent extraction, liquid-solid extraction using commercial chelating ion exchange resins could be an interesting alternative Among the different resins tested in this paper (Tulsion CH-93, Purolite S940, Amberlite IRC-747, Lewatit TP-260, Lewatit VP OC 1026, Monophos, Diphonix,) the aminophosphonic IRC-747, and aminomethylphosphonic TP-260 are the most promising Both of them present similar performances in terms of maximum sorption capacity estimated to be 18 meq/g dry resin and in adsorption kinetics, which appears to be best explained by a moving boundary model controlled by particle diffusion

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/8/9/682/pdf

O.S Zhukova

Papers

Synthesis and ion-exchange properties of silica chemically modified with aminophosphonic acid