The wireless sensor network (WSN) is a promising technology for monitoring infrastructures, industrial structures, home security, industrial security, elderly people, and so on. An attractive characteristic of the WSN is to be easily installed to the conventional places by using the battery driven sensor nodes. The equipment cost is rather cheap since the heavy constructing work for wiring the power rails is not needed. On the other hand, the management cost to change the batteries attached to many sensor nodes may be large. Conventional researches have reduced the power consumption of the WSN, i.e. extended the battery life, to reduce such management cost. Some of them have attempted to make the sensor node stay at the standby mode as much as possible, and to reduce the standby power consumption. In contrast to reduce the standby power, we have proposed the sensor node that completely eliminates the standby power consumption. However, the proposed sensor node wakes up from the status without any power, while the conventional node wakes up from the status with some power even if the standby current is very small. That is, the wake-up time of the proposed sensor node may become longer than the conventional node. The longer the wake-up time, the larger the power consumption. This time duration may affect to the power consumption of the WSN when using the proposed sensor nodes. This paper extends the traditional equations for the battery life estimation to our sensor node in order to perform an initial trade-off quickly by using simple equations in an early stage of the development. The estimation calculates the battery life considering the wakeup time by using the measured parameters. As a result of the estimation, it is shown that the our proposal can realize the attractive WSN applications with a long battery life by greatly reducing the power consumption compared with the conventional sensor nodes.

Battery Life Estimation of Sensor Node with Zero Standby Power Consumption

The valve controller design based on wireless sensor network was presented to stratospheric environment. This thesis introduced the system components and the internal structure of the valve controller, and explained the design of software, hardware and environmental control. The program has the advantages to save weight and install easily, provided a design method for the valve control of stratospheric airship.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7376274/7388131/07388199.pdf

The design of the valve controller on stratospheric airship based on wireless sensor network

The invention discloses a control device of intelligent household equipment and a control method thereof. The device comprises a power supply module, a ZIGBEE emitter, a function control button, an acquisition module and controller, wherein the acquisition module acquires continuous trigger time of the function control button according to a time interval of pressing and bounce of the function control button; and the controller sends a control instruction to corresponding intelligent household equipment through the ZIGBEE emitter according to the continuous trigger time when the function control button is triggered, and then makes the power supply module power off the ZIGBEE emitter after a sending process is completed. By using the control device of the invention, intelligent control of the household equipment can be realized, a power supply does not need to be replaced frequently, energy is saved, cost is low, a realization process is simple, and a usage experience of a user is improved.

Control device of intelligent household equipment and control method thereof

This study investigated and developed an energy efficient ZigBee wireless module using hardware technique. The MG2455-F48 RF SoC chip was used in developing the ZigBee wireless module. This chip consists of 2.4GHz RF part and 8051 family microcontroller. ZigBee modules are powered by a battery because it has to be movable. Energy saving of the ZigBee module has been one of important issues because its battery life time is limited. Nowadays many energy efficient software algorithms have been developed for ZigBee modules, that are used in data transmission between nodes. A node means a ZigBee module. In order to save energy in the ZigBee module, software algorithm was not used in this study, but we used the hardware technique. The microcontroller of ZigBee controls power of the sensors which connected on the ZigBee module. Sensors are active only when they need to transmit data and in other case the module switches to the power down mode and save energy.

Development of energy efficient ZigBee module

Main goal of this study was to develop an energy efficient ZigBee wireless module. The MG2455-F48 RF SoC chip was used for developing the ZigBee wireless module. This chip includes a 2.4 GHz RF part and an 8051 family microcontroller. ZigBee modules are powered by a battery because it has to be movable. Energy saving of the ZigBee module has been one of important issues because its battery life time is limited. Nowadays many energy efficient software algorithms have been developed for ZigBee modules, which are used in data transmission between nodes. A node means a ZigBee module. In order to save energy in the ZigBee module, software algorithm was not used in this study, but we used the hardware technique. The microcontroller of ZigBee controls power of the sensors which connected on the ZigBee module. Sensors are active only when they need to transmit data and in other case the module switches to the power down mode and save energy.

Design of Energy Efficient ZigBee Module

The chattering error of reed switch sensors for Automatic Meter Reading system of water flow meter was analyzed according to various types of external vibrations and shocks. The vibration level amplitude was measured with an accelerometer. To apply for water flow measurement devices, the reed switch sensors should keep high reliability. But the measured digital meter data is occurred difference or errors by chattering noise. The reed switch contains chattering error by itself at the force equivalent position. The vibrations such as passing vehicle near to the reed switch installed location causes chattering. In order to reduce chattering error, most system uses just software methods, for example using digital filter algorithm and also statistical calibration methods. However software approaches were implemented for reducing chattering error there has still generated chattering error due to external mechanical vibrations and magnetic field. The chattering errors can be reduced by changing leaf spring structure using mechanical hysteresis characteristics.

Analysis of Chattering Error on Reed Switch for AMR System of Water Supply

The chattering noise problem of reed switch sensor signal for Automatic Meter Reading system was analyzed experimentally under various types of external vibrations and shocks. The external vibration level amplitude was measured with an accelerometer. To apply for water flow measurement devices, the reed switch sensors should keep high reliability. But the measured digital meter data are occurred difference or errors by chattering noise. The reed switch contains chattering error by itself at the force equivalent position. The vibrations such as passing vehicle near to the reed switch installed location causes chattering. In order to reduce chattering error, most system uses just software methods, for example using digital filter algorithm and also statistical calibration methods. However software approaches were implemented for reducing chattering error, there has still generated chattering error due to external mechanical vibrations and magnetic field. The chattering errors can be reduced by changing leaf spring structure using mechanical hysteresis characteristics.

Odgerel Ayurzana

Papers

Development of energy efficient ZigBee module

Design of Energy Efficient ZigBee Module

Analysis of Chattering Error on Reed Switch for AMR System of Water Supply

Experimental Noise Analysis of Reed Switch Sensor Signal under Environmental Vibration