A field emission cathode of bio-molecular or eutectic composite microstructure having rod-like tips protruding from a uniform base and covered with a thin layer of semiconductor material for producing macroscopic beam current densities without formation of surface plasma.

Field emission cathode of bio-molecular or semiconductor-metal eutectic composite microstructures

The invention concerns the use of an ultrasonic transducer with high frequency and long focus for producing an apparatus and the implementation of a method for exploring human or animal body tissues or organs. More particularly, it concerns the use of a transducer with nominal excitation frequency higher than 20 MHz, preferably ranging between 50 and 80 MHz, with long focus greater than 10 mm, preferably of the order of 25 mm, for producing an apparatus for the echographic exploration of the eyeball, in particular of the eyeball posterior segment and more particularly of the macular region.

Use of an ultrasonic transducer for echographic exploration of human or animal body tissues or organs in particular of the eyeball posterior segment

A gas discharge device includes an envelope containing a low pressure gas and a field emitter array having microscopic emitter elements which emit electrons into the gas. The device can be employed, for example, in a gas discharge lamp.

Gas discharge device having a field emitter array with microscopic emitter elements

PURPOSE:To cut a pipe without stopping the move of a continuous pipe manufacturing line by grasping and cutting said pipe to length. CONSTITUTION:A pipe A runs at a constant speed and, in order to cut it to length in succession while it is running, a free roller (not shown in the figure) for detecting length is provided in front of a shearing unit 40, the length of the pipe is measured, and a cutting signal is given. The pipe A is grapsed due to this signal and, thereby, a carriage 50 is pushed by the pipe A moving in the running direction, and the pipe A is cut to length by means of a cutter 43a. When a cutting operation is over, the grasping is released, the cutter is raised, and the carriage is returned to its original position, to repeat the following cutting processes.

Pipe cutting machine for pipe manufacturing line

Oil-immersed condenser

PURPOSE:To avoid momentary interruption or overlapping of bipolar signals at switching to a spare system, by providing a bipolar signal transmitter having a function outputting the bipolar signals when a PCM signal is inputted, in the form of existing and spare systems. CONSTITUTION:When an existing set 11 is in failure, the switching instruction information of existing and spare sets is applied to a control circuit 31 to apply a switching signal to the control circuit 31 and a hysteresis circuit 32. After the hysteresis circuit 32 turns on a contact SW2 of a relay 22 first, the off-state of an electronic switch 16 and the on-state of an electronic switch 26 are controlled at the same time and the contact of a relay 12 is made to off-state. The operating time of the electronic switches 16, 26 is several ns-several tens of ns, and no short break is caused even to high-speed bipolar signals. Since waveform is deteriorated due to stray capacitance when an output transformer 15 is connected to an output terminal 43, complete disconnection is made with the relay 12.

Ogawa Kazuo

Papers

Bipolar signal switching circuit