Transforming the energy sector to provide universal access to reliable and modern energy services is an essential task for Ukraine, one of the Eastern Partnership countries with heavy energy dependence. It will help accelerate the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. The paper is devoted to studying Ukraine’s readiness to generate sustainable energy compared to the EU and other Eastern Partnership countries and the development of an information base for monitoring the achievement of SDG7.The data from the World Energy Council (WEC), the International Energy Agency (IEA), and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine are analyzed. Thus, the study proposed to expand the list of national monitoring indicators that more fully reflect the social, economic, and environmental results of SDG7 “Affordable and clean energy” in Ukraine. The development of an information monitoring base expands the opportunities to assess the availability, sustainability, and balance of national energy policy in green economic transformation. Furthermore, the indicators of energy intensity, carbon intensity, as well as access to sustainable energy for the population and business are emphasized. The findings are aimed to raise the level of awareness of government agencies and make balanced decisions to accelerate the achievement of SDG7 in Ukraine.

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Key energy indicators for sustainable development goals in Ukraine

To the best of our knowledge, very few works have been done for the continuous real-time monitoring of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) membrane degradation based on fluoride-specific electrochemical microsensors. PEMFCs are eco-smart energy sources for efficient transportation but experience variable degradation rates that wear the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA), a critical component of the fuel cell’s functionality. Current market options lack specific diagnostics and a legitimate indication of when exactly the membrane needs to be replaced. As such, this work focused on manufacturing a sensor for measuring MEA degradation in real-time by selectively monitoring fluoride concentration in effluent water, a signature PEMFCs degradation status, through functionalized LaF3:(Au nanoparticle) thin films (∼60 nm). The sensor’s exceptional specificity/sensitivity has been achieved in real-time at a sub 10 ppb level, optimized through spin-coating deposition and post-annealing process. Its multimodal readout has been achieved and studied through the characterizations of open circuit potential, cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and differential pulse voltammetry revealing a consistent linear decrease of 15.7 mA cm−2 at 0 ppb to 10.2 mA cm−2, while also maintaining its low-cost, small size, and robustness.

Multimodal Single-Entity Electrochemical Fluoride Sensor for Fuel Cell Membrane Degradation Diagnostics

: The global biofuel industry is characterized by a wide range of legislative and regulatory measures for the development of bioenergy. In order to stimulate the production of biofuels, a set of measures has been developed, including legislative regulation, indicative planning of production volumes, preferential taxation and budget support. Ukraine is among the top ten largest consuming countries of energy resources. Weak and inconsistent state policy in the sphere of biofuels as well as inconsistent legislative provisions regulating activities in the field of production, circulation and use of biofuels, impede the effective development of further functioning of the regulatory framework with the legislation of the European Union on the rational use of fuel and energy resources, the limitations of which increase due to inconsistencies between centralized and regional distribution. Therefore, further processes of effective economic development of Ukraine will largely depend on solving the problem of the sustainable provision of available renewable energy resources. Future development of the biofuels market in Ukraine will strongly depend on the institutional and legal conditions in the field of production, circulation and use of biofuels.

Legal regulations of biofuel production in Ukraine

This paper analyzes the prospects for developing solar power generation systems and the economic feasibility of further industry development. The state of global solar energy, its expansion potential, and Ukraine's position in the total statistics are examined. The rate of increase in the introduction of alternative types of energy has been determined. Statistical data on the number of commissioned power plants and the electricity they produced were analyzed. Solar energy is one of the most promising and powerful renewable energy sources. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that Ukraine is gradually taking essential steps to expand the use of solar energy, developing a regulatory and legislative basis for the service, implementation, optimization, and stimulation of households to implement and build solar power plants. The relevance and expediency of the use of solar energy in connection with the constant growth of the cost of electricity and the future forecast of the increase of public investments in the industry at the global level are characterized. According to the analysis of statistical data and forthcoming plans for solar energy development, high rates of its growth in Ukraine have been determined. The consequences the war has on the solar energy industry are described. It is explained that, due to the war, half of the renewable energy objects are under threat of complete or partial destruction, in particular, 47% of solar power plants are located in regions where active fighting continues. The general trend of post-war development will be an increase in the share of solar energy in the overall energy balance. This will be facilitated by eliminating financial and legislative restrictions on the development of renewable energy, expanding opportunities for the export of electricity from renewable energy sources, and considering the green course, which is focused on clean energy. Keywords: alternative energy, renewable energy sources, solar power plants, electric energy

Review of the current state and development perspectives of the solar energy in Ukraine

The article examines the trends in the development of renewable energy in Ukraine in accordance with the long-term strategy of the energy sector of the state in the context of the transformation of employment in the energy sector of the country. It is emphasized that investments in renewable energy technologies create more jobs compared to traditional electricity generation technologies. It is defined that in Ukraine there is a significant untapped potential for energy efficiency, which requires accelerating the pace of modernization and development of renewable energy sources and raises the issue of labor supply to the industry. It was emphasized that there are a number of opportunities for the development of the energy sector of Ukraine related to the development of renewable energy sources. It is underlined that the formation of territorial-industrial clusters in Ukraine for the production of equipment for solar and wind energy with a closed production cycle forms long-term prerequisites for socio-economic stability in the country and stimulates employment. It is

https://epj.min-pan.krakow.pl/pdf-130319-60346?filename=The development of.pdf

The development of renewable energy in Ukraine in the context of ensuring public employment

The state policy in terms of ensuring the social security of Ukrainian society was researched. Theoretical and methodological analysis of social security was carried out, in particular, modern approaches to defining the category of "social security" were analyzed, and the main characteristics of social security, causal links and interactions between society and public authorities in the process of social security were revealed. The main determinants and factors of its provision were determined. Innovative approaches to improving the public policy of social security of Ukraine were substantiated.

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Olena Lyndiuk

Papers

The development of renewable energy in Ukraine in the context of ensuring public employment

The main determinants of public policy on social security of ukraine