[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

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Cmos Integrated Analog To Digital And Digital To Analog Converters

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Software Defined Radio Architectures Systems And Functions

The concept of long-range microwave power transmission (MPT) has been driven by the desire to remotely power satellites, drones, or some mobile facilities. The advantage of long-range MPT is power transmission over a long distance without the need to deploy a wired power network. However, the overall efficiency, robustness, directional radiation (DR), and so on are still issues that limit the application and further research. In this framework, the key challenges in designing transmitters, DR, and receivers that can guarantee high efficiency and precise tracking for long-range MPT have been acknowledged. Owing to the complexity, the design of the MPT systems remains an open research question. Focusing on the existing constraints, this article not only elaborates on the current major research topics and discusses the development trends but also reviews the design approaches proposed in the state of the art for long-range MPT. This power transmission mechanism shows essential meanings of application in daily life, and the current research status and development prospects for MPT are also presented in this article.

Long-Range Wireless Microwave Power Transmission: A Review of Recent Progress

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Oversampling Delta Sigma Data Converters Theory Design And Simulation

In this paper, the implementation of Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) Radar in Software Defined Radio (SDR) Platform is presented mainly for the purpose of detecting underground targets. The SDR platform used in this research is the National Instruments’ (NI) Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP™). For the interfacing of the USRP, the software development environment NI LabVIEW™ is used. This approach takes advantage of the SDR system’s versatility, like changing the waveform characteristics (frequency, transmit and receive gain) on the fly. In the FMCW Radar technique, a ramp signal is frequency modulated which results to a chirp waveform. The researchers developed a signal processing program in LabVIEW to analyze the received chirp signal and correlate it to the reference transmit signal which can then be analyzed and studied the received signal characteristics and behavior on the LabVIEW platform. This implementation can be a platform for designing low cost alternatives to the expensive commercial electromagnetic techniques like Ground Penetrating Radars, Time Domain reflectometers, Electrical resistivity devices, etc. The method presented in this paper is a precursory step of the researchers for developing and modeling cost effective, robust and marketable Underground Target Detection Radar system. Moreover, this paper presents the successful implementation of FMCW using the USRP and proves that target detection of buried objects is plausible using the said device.

Underground Target Objects Detection Simulation Using FMCW Radar with SDR Platform

This research explores the benefits of developing a simulation system in GNU-Radio, an open-source software defined radio (SDR) platform, for radar applications. The particular behavioral system being developed, is one that detects ground objects and underground water beds. High-powered, low-frequency electromagnetic pulses are transmitted on the ground and the receiver reads the reflected signals – a technique known as impulse radar. The researchers have developed GNU-Radio digital signal processing blocks, namely the “Cycle Blanker”, “Reflection Simulator”, and “Qt A-scan Sink” to simulate and capture data through this approach. The output comes with a Linux desktop application to display real-time plots of the transmitted and received signals for analysis. Simulation parameters were obtained by testing the system in varying levels of wave frequencies and sampling rates. This effort prepares the researchers to develop a more robust system for detecting underground objects and layers, which is to be implemented in actual software-defined radio hardware. Developing in an open-source SDR framework allowed for an inexpensive and flexible preparation for its corresponding real-world application.

GNU-Radio Simulation Application for Impulse Radar Technique on Ground Object Detection

This SRAM cell is composed of combination of normal transistors and high voltage threshold transistors (sleep transistors) and can store one bit of data. Moreover, the designed SRAM architecture is composed of 4x16 decoders, pre-charge circuit, write or read selector circuit, sense amplifier circuit, write driver circuit, bank selector, column selector and SRAM cell arrays. The modified SRAM reduces the power dissipation by using sleep transistor stacking technique in a basic SRAM cell. Moreover, the designed SRAM memory is also partitioned into four banks, which contain 2048 SRAM cells each and implemented in a 128x64-cell array. The overall design has an average power of 7.71mW and the overall results performance were compared to the conventional 6T SRAM architecture. Both the modified and conventional SRAM architectures have the same design blocks except the SRAM cell. The operating voltage and frequency used in this design is 1.2V and 500 MHz, respectively. In addition, the modified SRAM in this paper has 8192 bits of memory capacity and implemented in TSMC 65nm CMOS Technology.

Design Implementation of 10T Static Random Access Memory Cell Using Stacked Transistors for Power Dissipation Reduction

In this paper, a microstrip patch antenna with improved bandwidth and return loss is design. From the conventional circular polarized rectangular microstrip patch antenna (CP RMPA), two slots were introduced in the radiating patch, and its effect on antenna characteristics like return loss and bandwidth were observed. By introducing two slots, an enhancement in bandwidth and return loss has been achieved. From 5.8% to 6.26% bandwidth and return loss from -30.219dB to -52.54dB. Both conventional and slotted CP RMPA was designed and modeled in CST Studio software, using a FR-4 epoxy as substrate material with dielectric constant $\varepsilon$r of 4.3 and uses a coaxial probe as feed. The slot area were also varied and analyzed.

Slotted Circular Polarized Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth for Wireless Communication in 2.45GHz

One of the significant disadvantages of RF energy harvesting is having a low power density in comparison to other ambient energy sources. The rectifier is the core of an RF energy harvesting system since it converts and boosts weak RF power to usable DC power. This study introduces a design of an efficiency enhanced RF-to-DC power converter with impedance matched to $\pmb{50}\ \Omega$ . The circuit design is based on two circuit design architectures, namely: the fully cross-coupled rectifier and self-biased technique, and the combined with LC matching circuit to obtain high power conversion efficiency. The design simulation is implemented using 65 nm CMOS Technology process. The performance of the proposed circuit design has achieved a peak power conversion efficiency of 80% at −14.4 dBm with a minimum input power of −22.04 dBm at 2.4 GHz for a load resistance of 20 $\mathbf{k}\Omega$ and 10 pF load.

Olga Joy L. Gerasta

Papers

Underground Target Objects Detection Simulation Using FMCW Radar with SDR Platform

GNU-Radio Simulation Application for Impulse Radar Technique on Ground Object Detection

Design Implementation of 10T Static Random Access Memory Cell Using Stacked Transistors for Power Dissipation Reduction

Slotted Circular Polarized Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth for Wireless Communication in 2.45GHz

Self-Biased 2.4 GHz CMOS RF-to-DC Converter with 80% Efficiency and −22.04 dBm Sensitivity for Wi-Fi Energy Harvesting