Ecological Impact Assessment

Assessing spatiotemporal characteristics of urban heat islands from the perspective of an urban expansion and green infrastructure

The concept of sustainability, which has become increasingly important in every aspect of life, has become a topic that is often emphasized for university campuses, which can be considered a small urban model. Many universities in Turkey and abroad are working on sustainable campuses. They set many environmental, social, and economic targets such as reducing the carbon footprint, using green technologies, designing by human and environment oriented principles, using green transportation systems, reducing costs, and eliminating social injustice. In this study, the transportation network of Izmir Katip Celebi University, Cigli Campus, which was established on an area of 70 ha in 2010, was examined within the scope of sustainability and ecological design criteria, and a transportation network focused on pedestrian and bicycle was also suggested. This study consists of two stages. In the first stage, the current situation analysis of the campus transportation was presented, and in the second stage, recommendations were made for a sustainable transportation system within the campus, taking into account the ecological design criteria.

Rethinking the campus transportation network in the scope of ecological design principles: case study of Izmir Katip Çelebi University Çiğli Campus

In the trend of global warming and urbanization, frequent extreme weather has a severe impact on the lives of citizens Land Surface Temperature (LST) is an essential climate variable and a vital parameter for land surface processes at local and global scales Retrieving LST from global, regional, and city-scale thermal infrared remote sensing data has unparalleled advantages and is one of the most common methods used to study urban heat island effects Different algorithms have been developed for retrieving LST using satellite imagery, such as the Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE), Mono-Window Algorithm (MWA), Split-Window Algorithm (SWA), and Single-Channel Algorithm (SCA) A case study was performed in Shanghai to evaluate these existing algorithms in the retrieval of LST from Landsat-8 images To evaluate the estimated LST accurately, measured data from meteorological stations and the MOD11A2 product were used for validation The results showed that the four algorithms could achieve good results in retrieving LST, and the LST retrieval results were generally consistent within a spatial scale SWA is more suitable for retrieving LST in Shanghai during the summer, a season when the temperature and the humidity are both very high in Shanghai Highest retrieval accuracy could be seen in cultivated land, vegetation, wetland, and water body SWA was more sensitive to the error caused by land surface emissivity (LSE) In low temperature and a dry winter, RTE, SWA, and SCA are relatively more reliable Both RTE and SCA were sensitive to the error caused by atmospheric water vapor content These results can provide a reasonable reference for the selection of LST retrieval algorithms for different periods in Shanghai

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A Comparative Analysis of Retrieval Algorithms of Land Surface Temperature from Landsat-8 Data: A Case Study of Shanghai, China.

Understanding how the components of cities interfere in the Urban Heat Island (UHI) has become a main great challenge for societies seeking to improve the quality of life through the implementation of urban planning criteria. In this research, the city of Granada (Spain) was divided into four local climatic zones (LCZ) according to the Corine Land Cover inventory, to study the land surface temperature (LST) and daytime and nighttime UHI using Sentinel 3 imaging. For each LCZ, urban factors were quantified by means of the Data Panel statistical analysis method, and multivariate relationships that statistically influence the UHI were determined. The results indicate an urban cooling island during the morning with a medium temperature of −0.6 K, the effect being greater in the low-density LCZ than in the high-density LCZ. At night, an UHI with an average temperature of 0.7 K is produced, this effect being greater in compact LCZs than in open ones. Two common factors significantly influence the day and night UHI: Fraction vegetation cover and solar radiation. In addition, for the day UHI, altitude and population density stand out as significant. For the night UHI, wind, impervious surface fraction factor and sky view factor additionally stand out.

Modeling of the Urban Heat Island on local climatic zones of a city using Sentinel 3 images: Urban determining factors

The urban climate has been disrupted with increasing urbanisation and consumption concepts, revealing climatic properties that affect human comfort conditions as a result of climate change Decreasing vegetation and evaporative surfaces in cities, and increasing structural surfaces, such as concrete and asphalt, alter the topography, ecological structure, and atmospheric characteristics of nature, creating a different ecology and atmosphere In this study, the relationship between the land surface temperatures (LSTs) of green and impervious surfaces was examined in Nigde, Turkey Various satellite images were used, and statistical and geographical analyses were conducted The results revealed that the LST values changed with the changing ratio of impervious and green surfaces, and have increased in Nigde over the past three decades even though the amount of green surfaces have increased Furthermore, the LSTs of the impervious surfaces are 5–10 °C higher than that of the green surfaces A correlation analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the LST values between green and impervious surfaces Impervious surfaces contribute to the formation of the urban heat islands (UHIs), and green surfaces provide a cooling effect Thus, increasing the amount of green surfaces in cities is crucial to improve urban life quality

Effects of landscape composition and patterns on land surface temperature: Urban heat island case study for Nigde, Turkey

Turkey's population is constantly increasing, and thus, the energy consumption is also increasing. Wind turbines, nuclear power plants, and boron and uranium resources are used for energy needs. Turkey meets its energy needs using these resources. Sun which is a natural and unlimited resource among these resources is one of the most important natural energy resources. The most important issue to consider in order to utilize solar energy in the most efficient way and to obtain advantages is the selection of the suitable place for solar plants. The aim of this study is to select the most suitable location for solar energy plants and provide to build solar power plants in suitable places. Eleven data layers (sunshine duration, solar radiation, slope, aspect, road, water sources, residential areas, earthquake fault line, mine areas, power line and transformers) that were prepared using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method in GIS were used and analysed. Based on the results of the analysis, the location of the areas where solar energy could be built was selected. As a result of the study, it was determined that in particular the north-east of the Nigde is the most suitable for solar plants. Ulukisla district has the most suitable feature for solar plants among the Nigde districts. 80% of the existing solar plants are located in the detected areas. It has been determined that the other 20% of the solar plant is also in the suitable areas, but their location is not suitable for the most efficiency.

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Solar power plants site selection for sustainable ecological development in Nigde, Turkey

In the study, the temporal change analysis of Akkaya Reservoir in Nigde was made The Reservoir was established in 1964 The change of reservoir between 1999, 2009 and 2019 was analyzed using remote sensing method Satellite images used in the study belong to August (1999, 2009, 2019) MNDWI (Modified Normalized Difference Water Index) analysis was used With the results of this analysis; the amount of water surfaces in the reservoir basin was calculated by years After this analysis, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) analysis was used and land cover types were determined by CORINE It has been determined that the water surface map of 2009 covers a larger area compared to other years When only the area where the reservoir is located is evaluated by the polynomial equation (2nd degree), there may be a decrease of approximately 26% in the reservoir water surface area within 15 years As a result of the study, it has been determined that Landsat satellite data can be used to determine the water surface amounts If study in smaller areas will be done, use the lower resolution satellite images are suggested In this study, MNDWI analysis was found more successful than NDVI analysis to find water surface area Multi-band satellite images provide important qualitative information in evaluating the functions used in ecosystem-based planning studies

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Determination of Water Surface and Vegetation Change in Akkaya Reservoir Basin Using Remote Sensing Method

In this study, factors that cause drainage problems in 23 Nisan Park and Mevlana Park have been investigated in the scope of landscape design and landscape engineering. To propose regulations to protect the natural topography and natural drainage lines, evaluations and observations were conducted, and these data were digitized. Water accumulation analyses were performed using field observations, which were used to create a water accumulation analysis map that was compared with water collection area maps created using Arc Hydro extension in ArcGIS. The results show that surface waters accumulate in areas such as pedestrian ways and playgrounds due to deficiencies in landscape design. Surface water quantities were calculated using the rational method. To prevent structural damage and excessive water entry, deep drainage and concrete or grass-covered parabolic surface drainage systems are recommended. Additional suggestions are provided for other studies to be conducted in this regard.

Evaluation of drainage problems in Antalya Konyaalti parks in the context of landscape engineering

The subject of the study is to evaluate the Nigde Akkaya Dam with SWOT analysis and to make recommendations in terms of recreational use. The aim of the study is to identify the strengths and weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the Akkaya dam and to determine its goals and strategies in terms of recreation. In line with this purpose, the socio-economic, cultural and natural features, landscape potential of the area were evaluated using the SWOT, the opportunities that the positive and negative aspects of the area, were presented, and the possible or existing threats were determined. At the same time, the current recreation potential of the dam was determined, and suggestions were developed in line with the data in order to offer alternatives that can be evaluated in terms of sustainable use of the areas. It was determined that pollution occurs in the dam water due to environmental wastes, as a result of this pollution, harmful creatures multiply and bad smells are formed. However, it is accepted that the dam is home to a large number of migratory birds, that it has not lost its naturalness, and that most of the dam is in the university campus. Threats to the dam are; low water level, fishing, duck hunting etc. damage to ecological life due to activities, smell gradually increased. Their opportunities are determined as providing a suitable environment for bird watching, having a suitable infrastructure for ecological research, and being suitable for recreational activities for water. At the end of the study, suggestions were developed in terms of suitability of Akkaya Dam for recreational activities.

http://agrifoodscience.org/index.php/TURJAF/article/download/3907/1865

Orhun Soydan

Papers

Effects of landscape composition and patterns on land surface temperature: Urban heat island case study for Nigde, Turkey

Solar power plants site selection for sustainable ecological development in Nigde, Turkey

Determination of Water Surface and Vegetation Change in Akkaya Reservoir Basin Using Remote Sensing Method

Evaluation of drainage problems in Antalya Konyaalti parks in the context of landscape engineering

Swot Analysis for Recreational Uses: Niğde Akkaya Dam