Using Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) as an eco-friendly feed supplement in human and poultry nutrition.

This review article delineates the role of chelated minerals and phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) cocktail supplementation in improving the overall health status and production performance of poultry birds and its economic effects in the poultry industry. Organically complexed minerals have many advantages over inorganic sources. It has improved absorption and efficacy, which meets the bird's requirements comfortably with a low-dose level. Hence, inorganic forms can be replaced with lower-dose levels of organic minerals without any adverse effects on production performances in broilers and layers. PFAs possess medicinal properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, adaptogenic, and immunomodulatory, therefore, could be recommended as supplements. They are also growth promoters that enhance the overall health status and augment poultry birds' production performance. Furthermore, the tremendous potential of PFAs could be extracted with the recent advances in science and technology. With the advantages of organically complexed minerals and multiple beneficial applications, there is a resurgence to develop PFAs as a cocktail of organic minerals to improve the overall health status of poultry birds and augment their productivity, which, in turn, helps the poultry industry to grow decisively and economically.

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Cocktail of chelated minerals and phytogenic feed additives in the poultry industry: A review.

A total of 300, one day-old commercial broiler chicks were procured and randomly distributed into 30 subgroups means six dietary treatments with five replicates per treatment and each replicate had ten birds. Feeding trial was conducted for 42 days. The control group (T1) was offered maize- soybean meal based diet which was formulated as per BIS (2007) to fulfill the metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein requirements of broilers. The first group was kept as a control (T1) and given the basal diet without antibiotic while in second group (T2) basal diet with antibiotic, third (T3), fourth (T4), fifth (T5) and sixth (T6) groups were supplemented with giloy powder @ 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1%, respectively in the diet. Feed intake (g/bird), body weight gain (g/b) and FCR showed significant (P

https://www.entomoljournal.com/archives/2018/vol6issue5/PartA/6-3-326-281.pdf

Effect of dietary inclusion of Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) stem powder on growth performance and metabolizability in broilers

An experiment was conducted to elucidate heat stress alleviating effect of supplementation of Ashwagandha extract (WS) on growth performance, carcass traits, stress parameters and intestinal E. coli counts in commercial broilers reared during hot summer. Day old broiler chicks (n=160) were randomly allocated to 4 groups consisting of 8 replicates with 5 chicks each from 1 to 42 day of age. The four groups were 1. Positive control (PC) (Basal diet +Vit-E 70mg/kg + Se 0.15 mg/kg), 2. Negative control (NC)-basal diet without antioxidant, 3. WS50 (Basal diet + 50 mg WS extract/kg diet) and 4. WS100 (Basal diet + 100mg WS extract/kg diet). Body weight gain, feed efficiency, feed intake, intestinal E. coli counts were affected (P

https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2018/vol7issue3/PartI/7-3-91-863.pdf

Amelioration of heat stress induced oxidative damage in broilers by supplementing Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract during summer

| A hundred and fifty (150) day old Cobb strain broiler chicks were used in the study to evaluate the antibiotic and antihelminthic potentials and efficacies of ginger and garlic meals in their diets. On arrival the birds were weighed and allotted to five (5) treatments with three (3) replicates of ten (10) birds each. The test ingredients were grind into a meal separately before incorporated at the varying levels of 75% GBM (Garlic Bulb Meal) and 25% GRM (Ginger Rhizome Meal), 50% GBM and 50% GRM and 25% GBM and 75% GRM as treatments 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Treatments 1 and 2 serve as (control) and 10% antibiotics (Diaziprim – 48%S) both at various phases of production. Performance parameters, nutrient digestibility/retention, antiomicrobial analyses were investigated. Results from the starter and finisher phases show no significant (p>0.05) difference in initial weight, final weight, weight gain, feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. Percentage mortality showed significant (p<0.05) difference among the various treatment levels in both phases. However, treatment 5 had the highest value in final body weight gain, while treatment 3 had the lowest body weight gain. Mortality was highest in treatment 1 but none in treatments 4 and 5. Also crude fibre was significant (p<0.05) in the nutrient digestibility and protein retention. Results of this study showed that high performance was achieved at 25% (25g) GBM and 75% (75g) GRM inclusion in broiler chickens diet. Based on the performance and the microbial counts, GBM and GRM can be used to replace synthetic antibiotics in broiler chicken production without adverse effect.

/pdf/antibiotic-and-antihelminthic-effects-of-garlic-bulbs-allium-1e925xxgnl.pdf

Antibiotic and Antihelminthic Effects of Garlic Bulbs (Allium sativum) and Ginger Rhizomes (Zingiber officinale) as Growth Promoters on Broiler Chickens in the Tropics

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary addition of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root powder and guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) stem powder on growth performance, feed conversion ratio and economics of feeding in broilers. In experiment 1, treatments were T 1 : basal diet; T 2 : basal diet + ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root powder @ 1 g/kg of feed; T 3 : basal diet + ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root powder @ 2 g/kg of feed. In experiment 2, treatments were T 1 : basal diet; T 2 : basal diet + guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) stem powder @ 1 g/kg of feed; T 3 : basal diet + guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) stem powder @ 2 g/kg of feed. The chicks were fed with standard basal diets in three different growth phases i.e. pre-starter (0–10d), starter (11–21d) and finisher (22–42d). Supplementation of Withania somnifera and Tinospora cordifolia significantly increased the overall body weights, weekly gain in body weight of broilers compared to the control group. However, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and feed cost per kilogram of live broiler production were similar among the treatment groups. The dietary addition of Withania somnifera and Tinospora cordifolia reduced mortality rate compared to the control. Results indicated that ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) and guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) powder improved growth performance and reduced mortality, but did not have any effect on feed conversion ratio and economics of feeding in broilers.

Effect of dietary addition of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) and guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) powder on broiler performance


 Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important and indigenous crop in India. Rice is a plant belonging to the family of grasses, Gramineae (Poaceae). It is a major food crop of the world and forms the staple diet of about half of the world's population. Rice is repeatedly mentioned in ancient Indian texts, including the Yajur Veda. The area under cultivation of rice in India is 45416 thousand hectare, Total production of Rice during 2020-21 is estimated at record 122.27 million tonnes. Two major Asian cultivated varieties of rice have been historically recognized as japonica and indica subspecies. Japonica rice is sticky and indica rice is non sticky. Obtaining high quality homozygous pure lines by classical breeding methods is very time consuming and labour intensive. Due to uncontrolled pollination, the results are hard to obtain through this method. In-vitro haploid production offers an excellent solution for development of high quality homozygous pure lines in lesser time. Indica rice is mainly cultivated in tropical and subtropical environments at lower latitudes or altitudes, whereas japonica rice is grown mainly in more temperate environments at higher latitudes or altitudes. Anther culture is easy in japonica rice, but its application in Indica rice is limited as it is difficult to breed through anther culture. Indica cultivars of rice showed low anther culturability (1.2% callus induction) whereas Japonica cultivars had 20-fold higher (28.1%) anther culturability. 


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Papers

Effect of dietary addition of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) and guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) powder on broiler performance

Review on double haploid in rice plant (Oryza sativa L.)