This paper proposes a Lightweight In-Vehicle Edge Gateway (LI-VEG) for the self-diagnosis of an autonomous vehicle, which supports a rapid and accurate communication between in-vehicle sensors and a self-diagnosis module and between in-vehicle protocols A paper on the self-diagnosis module has been published previously, thus this paper only covers the LI-VEG, not the self-diagnosis The LI-VEG consists of an In-Vehicle Sending and Receiving Layer (InV-SRL), an InV-Management Layer (InV-ML) and an InV-Data Translator Layer (InV-DTL) First, the InV-SRL receives the messages from FlexRay, Control Area Network (CAN), Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST), and Ethernet and transfers the received messages to the InV-ML Second, the InV-ML manages the message transmission and reception of FlexRay, CAN, MOST, and Ethernet and an Address Mapping Table Third, the InV-DTL decomposes the message of FlexRay, CAN, MOST, and Ethernet and recomposes the decomposed messages to the frame suitable for a destination protocol The performance analysis of the LI-VEG shows that the transmission delay time about message translation and transmission is reduced by an average of 1083% and the transmission delay time caused by traffic overhead is improved by an average of 095% Therefore, the LI-VEG has higher compatibility and is more cost effective because it applies a software gateway to the OBD, compared to a hardware gateway In addition, it can reduce the transmission error and overhead caused by message decomposition because of a lightweight message header

A Design of a Lightweight In-Vehicle Edge Gateway for the Self-Diagnosis of an Autonomous Vehicle

Electronics is becoming an indispensable part of vehicular technology. With the advancement in vehicular technology, on-board diagnostics (OBD) emission checks are included in the inspection and maintenance (I/M) program for light motor vehicles (LMV). The present work introduces a remote OBD based emission test for LMV using the android application. This application communicates with the OBD port of vehicle using ELM 327 OBD scanner. It scans the vehicle identification number (VIN), performs the emission checks, and updates the report to google sheet. Further, the google apps script (GAS) associated with google sheet is developed which performs an automated process of separating the reports based on result and mailing it to the user. Moreover, the script will also mail to the ones that are due for taking the test. The test can be easily included in the I/M program replacing the conventional tailpipe test or existing OBD checks which require more infrastructure and curbs the malpractices related to storing the report.

On-Board Diagnostics based remote emission test for Light Motor Vehicles

The preparation of the fuel mixture of a conventional internal combustion engine is currently controlled exclusively electronically. In order for the electrical management of an internal combustion engine to function properly, it is necessary that all its electronic components work flawlessly and fulfill their role. Failure of these electronic components can cause incorrect fuel mixture preparation and also affect driving safety. Due to the effect of individual failures, it has a negative impact on road safety and also negatively affects other participants. The task of the research is to investigate the effect of the failure of electronic engine components on the selected operating characteristics of a vehicle. The purpose of this article is to specify the extent to which a failure of an electronic engine component may affect the operation of a road vehicle. Eight failures of electronic systems (sensors and actuators) were simulated on a specific vehicle, with a petrol internal combustion engine. Measurements were performed in laboratory conditions, the purpose of which was to quantify the change in the operating characteristics of the vehicle between the faulty and fault-free state. The vehicle performance parameters and the production of selected exhaust emission components were determined for selected vehicle operating characteristics. The results show that in the normal operation of vehicles, there are situations where a failure in the electronic system of the engine has a significant impact on its operating characteristics and, at the same time, some of these failures are not identifiable by the vehicle operator. The findings of the publication can be used in the drafting of legislation, in the field of production and operation of road vehicles, and also in the mathematical modeling of the production of gaseous emissions by road transport.

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Influence of Engine Electronic Management Fault Simulation on Vehicle Operation

Model-based validation of diagnostic software with application in automotive systems

In a conventional internal combustion engine, only electrical controls are used to prepare the fuel mixture. All parts must operate flawlessly in order for the vehicle and its components to operate correctly. Road safety may be negatively impacted by the failure of specific components. The purpose of the study was to ascertain how much the malfunction of particular electrical components affects how the vehicle operates. The vehicle's individual electronic parts were removed, and the engine power was then assessed. The primary determinant of a vehicle's technical condition is thought to be its engine power. The preparation of the combustion mixture was affected by the individual component disconnections, which reduced the vehicle's performance. A vehicle with an in-line four-cylinder engine was used for the experiment, which was conducted in a lab setting. This vehicle's eight components were gradually disengaged. The change in engine power was observed while they were disconnected. The measured values were always evaluated in terms of an automobile that had no defects and was in excellent condition. The study's findings demonstrate that there are circumstances in which a vehicle's usual operation is adversely affected when one or more of its electrical components malfunctions.

Change in engine power in the event of electronic components failures

Emission control and regulations have become very critical part in today's automobiles. With introduction of strict emission norms, the use of electronics in automobiles is increasing extensively. Which in turn is adding complications at manufacturer, OEs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) and at the service front. OBD (On Board Diagnostics) is one of critical tool used for the emission control in today's automobiles. OBD generates fault codes when any system/component non-compliance is detected. Commercially available tools fetch fault codes from OBD and are providing only limited information/access of basic data to engineers. These tools are black box type of tools which provide very limited flexibility. Also the data storage capacity of these diagnostic tools is very limited. This paper informs about new indigenously developed OBD scanning tool which provides complete access to engineers, good flexibility and large storage capacity with added features like time and cost saving.

P.K. Rajani

Papers

Development of On Board Diagnostics (OBD) testing tool to scan emission control system

Hygieia: Smart Health and Sanitizing Dispenser