Two-hundred and sixty-nine shoulders in 223 patients with a diagnosis of primary frozen shoulder were studied. The main outcome measure was the Oxford shoulder score. The mean follow-up from symptom onset was 4.4 years (range, 2-20 years). The mean age at symptom onset was 53.4 years; with women affected more commonly than men (1.6:1.0).Twenty percent of patients reported bilateral symptoms, but there were no recurrent cases. In the long term, 59% of patients had normal or near normal shoulders and 41% reported some ongoing symptoms. The majority of these persistent symptoms were mild (94%), with pain being the most common complaint. Only 6% had severe symptoms with pain and functional loss.Those with the most severe symptoms at condition onset had the worst long-term prognosis, P

Long term outcome of frozen shoulder

Objectives. To estimate the heritability of frozen shoulder (FS) and tennis elbow (TE) and to examine the two disorders for possible genetic or environmental associations. Methods. Self-reporting questionnaire data on risk factors for, and a physician diagnosis of, FS or TE were obtained from 865 monozygotic (MZ) and 963 dizygotic (DZ) unselected female twin pairs aged between 20 and 76 yr registered with the St Thomas’ UK Adult Twin Registry. The heritability of each disorder was estimated in a classic twin study. The association between FS and TE was then explored by log-linear modelling comparing MZ with DZ individuals and twin pairs for the presence of both disorders. Results. The prevalence of FS and TE were 11.6 and 16.7%, respectively. A heritability of 42% was estimated for FS and 40% for TE after adjusting for age. There was no confounding by environmental risk factors. Log-linear modelling demonstrated FS and TE, independently, to be associated within members of a twin pair and confirmed a stronger association in MZ than DZ pairs. In addition the two disorders occurred together 2–3 times more frequently in individuals than would be expected by chance. However, there was no association between FS and TE across members of a twin pair, implying no evidence for a shared genetic component to the two disorders. Conclusions. Genetic factors are implicated in the aetiology of both frozen shoulder and tennis elbow but are independent of each other. The two disorders occur together 2–3 times more frequently than by chance in individuals. However, the association is most likely mediated by individual-specific environmental factors common to the two conditions and not by a common genetic susceptibility.

Genetic associations between frozen shoulder and tennis elbow: A female twin study

Adhesive capsulitis is a common cause of shoulder pain and limited movement. The objectives of this review were to assess the efficacy and safety of corticosteroid injections for adhesive capsulitis and to evaluate the optimum dose and anatomical site of injections. PubMed and CENTRAL databases were searched for randomised trials and a total of ten trials were included. Results revealed that corticosteroid injection is superior to placebo and physiotherapy in the short-term (up to 12 weeks). There was no difference in outcomes between corticosteroid injection and oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at 24 weeks. Dosages of intra-articular triamcinolone 20 mg and 40 mg showed identical outcomes, while subacromial and glenohumeral corticosteroid injections had similar efficacy. The use of corticosteroid injections is also generally safe, with infrequent and minor side effects. Physicians may consider corticosteroid injection to treat adhesive capsulitis, especially in the early stages when pain is the predominant presentation.

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Corticosteroid injection for adhesive capsulitis in primary care: a systematic review of randomised clinical trials

Short-term effects of high-intensity laser therapy on frozen shoulder: A prospective randomized control study

Background and Aims:Even though hydrodilatation has been used for 50 years, the evidence on its effectiveness is not clear. Only one earlier review has strictly focused on this treatment method. Th...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1457496918772367

P.M. Guyver

Papers

Frozen shoulder – A stiff problem that requires a flexible approach