Showing papers by "P. Manivel published in 2005"

Yield structure, agronomic performance and stability of new potato (Solanum tuberosum) hybrids in western Uttar Pradesh

Abstract: A study was conducted during 1998-2000 at Modipuram, Uttar Pradesh, with 27 advance generation clones and 8 commercial potato (Solanum tuberosum L .) varieties to evaluate their yield structure, agronomic performance and stability. The total and marketable tuber yield, dry matter and average tuberweight increased with delay in harvesting from 60 to 90 days after planting. Yield increase, however, was faster between 80 and 90 days after planting (130.9 g/plant) than between the other successive days after planting intervals, i e 60 and 70 (87 g/plant) and 70 and 80 (111 g/plant). The increase up to 70 days after planting was owing to increase in number of tubers and average tuber weight, whereas after 70 days after planting it was mainly owing to increase in average tuber weight. Chip colour decreased with maturity. The total tuber yield pooled over 2 seasons and 4 different dates of harvest had significant positive correlation with marketable tuber yield, average tuber weight and tubers/plant and negative with dry matter. Chip colour improved with the increase in tuber dry matter. The ranking of genotypes for total and marketable yield at different dates of lifting varied. Six hybrids, viz 'MS/90- 542', 'MS/89-60', 'MS/91-1326', 'JX 1', 'JX 90' and 'JW 96', and 2 released cultivars 'Kufri Pukhraj' and 'Kufri Sutlej', were identified as suitable genotypes for early crop (60 days). However, for main crop (90 days), the hybrids 'MS/90- 542', 'JX 90' and '85-P-718' and cultivar 'Kufri Pukhraj' were suitable. Two hybrids, 'MS/90-542' and 'JX 90' and 'Kufri Pukhraj' performed well under both early and main harvest. On the basis of stability parameters for all yield and other traits, the advanced hybrids 'MS/89-1095', 'MS/86-89' and 'Kufri Sutlej' for early crop and 'MS/91-1326' and 'Kufri Sutlej' for main crop were ideal genotypes.

Evaluation of potato germplasm for cold chipping ability and cold sweetening

Abstract: A total of 907 potato germplasm accessions along with four processing varieties (two indigenous and two exotic) stored in the cold store at 2-4 0C for 6 months were reconditioned for 7 days and evaluated for chip colour. None of the cultures produced acceptable chip colour (colour score up to 5). Fourteen accessions having chip colour score between 6-8 were further reconditioned for 21 days and re-evaluated for chip colour and certain processing related biochemical parameters. Two accessions, viz., Azul Soucco (Peru) and B 6561-4 (USA) produced acceptable chip colour of 4 and 5, with a dry matter content of 24.9 and 19.4% and reducing sugars content of 0.087 and 0.185% on fresh weight basis, respectively, as compared to the best control Frito Lay 1625 (score 7). The mean chip colour improved following reconditioning from 7 to 21 days, while a decline of 30 and 38% was observed in the mean contents of reducing sugars and free amino acids, respectively. Azul Soucco (Peru) was identified as the best accession for cold chipping and could be used for the development of indigenous cold chipping varieties. As regards, cold sweetening, except Dore (The Netherlands) and PSP 30-10 (Peru), the tubers of remaining 12 accessions and all the four processing varieties after 21 days of reconditioning contained lower levels of total sugars than the prescribed limit (>1.25% on fresh weight) which imparts sweet taste in table potatoes and can be used as parents for breeding table potato varieties with low or no sweetness.

Mp/97-644: a promising hybrid for making potato chips and dehydrated products

Abstract: The hybrid MP/97-644 gave significantly higher total and process grade yield, and excellent processing quality as compared to Indian and exotic processing cultivars, when grown in relatively warmer west-central regions of the country. It has round tuber shape and maintains low sugar levels during storage at intermediate temperatures. The hybrid is highly suitable for making potato chips and dehydrated products.

Scope and suitability of potato (Solanum tuberosum genotypes for industrial processing for French fries in Gujarat and western Uttar Pradesh

Abstract: The field trials were conducted in the winter or autunm of 2002-2003 and 2003-2004 at Deesa, Ladol and Anand in Gujarat and Modipuram in western Uttar Pradesh to evaluate the potential of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar 'Kufri Anand', 'Kufri Badshah', 'Kufri Chipsona 1'. 'Kufri Sutlej' and a heat-tolerant hybrid 'HT192-621' for the preparation of French fries. Light colour, good-quality French fries was obtained in all the varieties or hybrid except 'Kufri Anand' at all the locations in Gujarat, whereas 'Kufri Chipsona 1 ' and hybrid 'HT/92-621 ' gave acceptable fries at Modipuram. This was mainly due to the prevalence of relatively higher temperatures (min. 11.9 degree Celcius, max. 30.7 degree Celcius) in Gujarat during the crop season allowing the accumulation of high dry matter and low reducing sugars in the tubers.

Evaluation of new potato hybrids for late blight incidence and yield under hill conditions

Abstract: Late blight (Phytophthora infestans) persists throughout the year in the country and perpetuates in one part or the other causing severe yield losses in the susceptible cultivars. Resistance for late blight in the hybrids bred for plains is important to ameliorate the adverse effect of the disease. Thirty-six early to medium maturing hybrids, inducted in the AICRP-Potato for multilocation testing, were planted in a replicated trial at CPRI Shimla during summer 2004 with plot size of 1.2 m 2 and spacing of 60 x 20 cm. No fungicides were sprayed on the hybrids/ controls. Data were recorded on the per cent disease incidence, yield and tuber dry matter (%). Based on the per cent incidence of late blight disease, hybrids were grouped as highly resistant ( 40%). The results revealed significant differences among the hybrids for disease incidence (%), yield and per cent tuber dry matter. The incidence of late blight ranged from 5% in four hybrids (J/94-90, J/95-242, MP/97-644 and MP/97-921) to 100% in cv. Kufri Jyoti (control). Twenty hybrids, viz., HT/93-707, J/92-13, J/92-164, J/93-58, J/93-81, J/93-86, J/93-87, J/93-139, J/95-221, J/95-229, JW-160, JX576, MP/97-583, MP/97-625, MS/92-1090, MS/94-1118, MS/95-117, MS/95-1309, MS/97-621, MS/97-1606 and the second control SM/87-185 (hybrid recommended for hills) were found resistant. Ten hybrids namely HT/92-621, J/92-167, J/93-4, J/93-77, MS/92-2105, MS/94-899, MS/94-1344, 83-P-47, 94-P-31 and 94-P-59 were moderately resistant, while B-420 (2) and J/95-227 were susceptible. Yield of different hybrids varied between 0.167 to 3.908 kg/m2. Although the hybrids in the present study have been selected for short winter days in the plains yet some of them out yielded cv. Kufri Jyoti under long summer days at Shimla. Seven hybrids (94-P-31, J/92-13, J/93-77, J/93-86, MP/97-644, MP/97-921 and MS/94-899) yielded statistically at par with control cv. Kufri Jyoti and most of them were resistant to late blight. Tuber dry matter of the hybrids was estimated on dry weight basis and varied between 13.50% (J/92-167) to 25.46% (HT/93-707). Present studies indicated that hybrids MP/97-921 and MP/97644 with high yield, higher tuber dry matter (> 20%) and late blight resistance may be suitable for cultivations in the hills to augment the supply of fresh potatoes during lean period (August to December) for the processing industries.