The encapsulation technology in fruit plants--a review.

Synseed technology-a complete synthesis.

In 1982 the new crops research program was initiated in the Florist and Nursery Crops Laboratory to increase the diversity of florist crop germplasm in the United States. Anigozanthos, Chamelaucium, Correa, a dwarf form of Eustoma grandiflorum 'Little Blue Belle', Chamelaucium, Cupressus, and other crops have been introduced to the industry with information that describes propagation, culture, and controlled flowering. Rooting of cutting or in vitro tissue culture propagation of new crops had included Achimenantha, Chamelaucium uncinatum, 'Purple Pride', and Eustoma grandiflorum, 'Little Belle Blue', Ornithogalum dubium, Lachenalia aloides, and Lilium. In addition, a new production technology using bulbils as propagules was developed for Lilium elegans, Asiatic hybrid lily. This production technology is discussed.

Transplant Production Systems

Preface A. Altman, Y. Waisel. Diversity of Roots: The Place of Roots in Plant Development and the Diversity of Root Types P.W. Barlow, B. Palma. Induction of Roots and Their Development: Indissociable Chief Actors in the Inductive Phase of Adventitious Rooting T. Gaspar et al. Hormonal Control of Root Induction and Development: Increased Induction of Adventitious Rooting via Slow Release Auxins and Elicitors van der Krieken et al. Molecular Biology of Root Development: Auxin Induced Gene Expression During Rooting of Loblolly Pine Stem Cuttings B. Goldfarb et al. Ecological Aspects of Root Development: Shootborne Roots: An Adaptive Organ in Sand Dunes A. Danin. Applied Aspects of Root Development: Relations between Early Root Growth and Flower Yield of Clonal Rose Rootstocks D.P. de Vries, L.A.M. Dubois. Root Products: Insane Roots and Twisted Carrots: Physiology and Biochemistry of Root Specific Metabolites H.E. Flores. Models and Methods for Root Study: Morphological Structured Model for Hairy Root Culture I. Berzin et al. Concluding Remarks: A 1996 Overview of the Research Interests from the Jerusalem Symposium T. Gaspar. 71 additional articles. Index.

Biology of Root Formation and Development

Plants were regenerated from encapsulated shoot tips of banana. Shoot tips (ca 4 mm) isolated from multiple shoot cultures of banana cv. Basrai were encapsulated in 3% sodium alginate containing different gel matrices. The encapsulated shoot tips regenerated in vitro on different substrates. Use of White's medium resulted in 100% conversion of encapsulated shoot tips into plantlets. The plantlets were successfully established in soil.

Propagation of banana through encapsulated shoot tips.

Axillary buds excised from aseptic shoot cultures of mulberry were encapsulated in an alginate matrix under non-aseptic conditions. Addition of a fungicide to the alginate beads prevents contamination of the bud and increased survival of the buds when sown in soil.

In vivo growth of encapsulated axillary buds of mulberry (Morus indica L.)

Callus cultures were established from the scutellum, scutellar node and radicle region of immature embryos of rye and octoploid triticale on modified Murashige-Skoog basal medium supplemented with various growth regulators. 2, 4-D, 2, 4, 5-T and 2, 4, 5-Cl, POP were found suitable for initiation and maintenance of callus cultures. Cytokinins had no or inhibitory effect on callus induction and growth. On basal medium containing 5 mg/l of 2,4,5-Cl3 POP, 16% of triticale and 17% of rye primary cultures exhibited shoot bud regeneration after 3–4 weeks. Transfer of such cultures to basal medium supplemented with zeatin or zeatin in combination with IAA further promoted shoot elongation and plantlet formation. Plantlets were rooted on basal medium containing 1 mg/l NAA and were eventually transferred to soil. Chlorophyll variants were observed in about 6% of triticale cultures.

P. S. Rao

Papers

In vivo growth of encapsulated axillary buds of mulberry (Morus indica L.)

Callus induction and plant regeneration from immature embryos of rye and triticale