Photoresist reflow method of microlens production Part I: Background and experiments

A minimized-thickness angular scanner of electromagnetic radiation includes an optical sandwich having a two-dimensional (2D) image source, and a scanning assembly that includes a first optic and a second optic, wherein at least one of the first optic and the second optic are oscillatorily translating. Translation of the optics provides for generation of a three-dimensional (3D) image, while the optical sandwich design provides for compact implementation of 3D displays.

Minimized-thickness angular scanner of electromagnetic radiation

An integrated free-space optical interconnection system with 2500 parallel data channels is demonstrated. The design is based on a combination of microchannel imaging and conventional imaging. A modification of the hybrid imaging configuration allows one to achieve optimized image quality over large image fields.

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Integrated micro-optical imaging system with a high interconnection capacity fabricated in planar optics

Flexible electronics have received considerable attention in academies and industries for their promising applications in enormous fields, such as flexible displays, wearable sensors, artificial skins, and flexible energy devices. Challenges remain in developing a flexible and scalable manufacturing method to facilitate the fabrication of multi-functional structures in a flexible electronic system. Nanoimprint lithography is a high resolution and low-cost approach to fabricate nanostructures over a large area. This paper reviews recent progress of nanoimprint lithography and its applications in flexible electronics. The basic principles, classification, research focus, and critical issues of nanoimprint lithography are elaborated. Then, the advantages of nanoimprint lithography are demonstrated in several typical applications related to flexible electronics, including conductive films, optoelectronic devices, flexible sensors, energy harvesting and storage devices, and bioinspired electronic devices. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of nanoimprint lithography in flexible electronic systems are discussed.

Nanoimprint lithography for the manufacturing of flexible electronics

Microlenses (MLs) and microlens arrays (MLAs) are assuming an increasingly important role in optical devices. In response to this rapid evolution in technology, emphasis is being placed on research into new manufacturing methods for these devices as well as the characterization of their performance. This paper provides an overview of the fabrication of MLs and MLAs by electrical, mechanical, chemical, and optical methods. As each processing method has distinct advantages and limitations, the most significant characteristic parameters and the measurement of these parameters are discussed for each method. These parameters are then used as indices to evaluate and improve each of the processing methods. Some examples of practical applications of MLAs, especially for micromechanical optoelectronic devices, are also given. This paper aims to summarize the present development and the state of the art in processing technology of MLs and MLAs.

Fabrication, characterization, and applications of microlenses.

The authors have demonstrated the operation of spatially variant optical interconnections using microlenses. Each connection is made by imaging an element of the source onto an element of the detector by an afocal pair of lenses in which lateral displacement of the second lens controls the angular deviation of the bundle of rays. They used microlenses of 250 mu m diameter made by melting photoresist and have demonstrated an 8*8 one-dimensional cyclic shift, a two-dimensional cyclic shift and a two-dimensional perfect shuffle.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0963-9659/1/6/006/pdf

P Savander

Papers

The use of microlenses for making spatially variant optical interconnections