Numerous studies on prayer have demonstrated the benefits of prayer on relationships, physical and mental health, and overall well-being Given the practical benefits of prayer, understanding how laypersons conceive of prayer could supply valuable information to practicing clinicians and researchers seeking to establish a more nuanced understanding on what qualities of prayer contribute to its benefits Utilizing a prototype approach, this study sought to understand how laypersons perceive the conceptual elements of prayer by identifying central and peripheral characteristics associated with prayer To effectively assess laypersons' perspectives on the concept of prayer, the researchers utilized a prototype approach to determine what features (eg thanking God, listening, comfort) are most commonly attributed to the concept of prayer The researchers conducted four studies that built on one another The participants in the four studies (Study 1: N = 73; Study 2: N = 57; Study 3: N = 245; Study 4: N = 48) were all undergraduate students from a large, public university in the Southeastern United States The median age of the samples was 19, and approximately 78% of the samples were female In Study 1, participants were asked to generate a list of characteristics and attributes they "think of when they think of the word prayer" (p 57) The list of all features generated by the participants were compiled, organized, and distilled into attribute categories of prayer Three research assistants were assigned to code the attributes in such a way to maintain unique characteristics associated with prayer, while eliminating redundant words or phrases with similar meanings The coding procedure extracted 232 prayer characteristics, of which 158 were eliminated due to being listed by two or less participants, leaving 74 prayer attributes Next, Study 2 presented the previously gathered prayer attributes to participants and asked them to rate the attributes on their centrality to prayer (ie how important each attribute is related to the concept of prayer) Participants rated the attributes centrality to prayer on an 8-point scale (1 = least central to 8 = most central) The participants also used an 8-point scale to rate how positive or negative an attribute was (1 = very negative to 8 = very positive) The mean centrality ratings were computed using descriptive statistics and listed in order of strength of centrality Some examples of the attributes with the highest centrality include God, Can be done at anytime, and Thanking God Additionally, the prayer attributes were generally rated positively (M = 554, SD =71), with 81% of the attributes receiving an average rating of 5 (out of 8) Some examples of highly positive items include, God, family, and love Study 3 assessed whether "participants perceived behaviors described in a scenario as better characterizing prayer when central, as opposed to peripheral, [attributes] were used in the description" (p …

Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

Dried ground leaves ofPsidium guajava L. (guava) were extracted by water and aqueous ethyl alcohol 50%(1:10) ratio, and the total phenolic content in the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically according to FolinCiocalteu's phenol method and calculated as gallic acid equivalent (GAE). Remarkably high total phenolic content 575.3±15.5 and 511.6±6.2 mg of GAE/g of dried weight material (for ethanol guava leaf extracts and water guava leaf extracts,respectively) were obtained. The antioxidant activity of lyophilized extracts was determined at ambient temperature by means of a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydryzyl (DPPH') colorimetry with detection scheme at 515 nm. The activity was evaluated by the decrease in absorbance as the result of DPPH" color change from purple to yellow. The higher the sample concentration used, the stronger was the free radical-scavenging effect. The results obtained showed that ascorbic acid was a substantially more powerful antioxidant than the extracts from guava leaf. On the other hand, the commercial guava leaf extracts and ethanol guava leaf extracts showed almost the same antioxidant power whereas water guava leaf extracts showed lower antioxidant activity. The parameter EC50 and the time needed to reach the steady state to EC50 concentration (TEC50) affected the antiradical capacity of the sample. The antioxidant efficiency (AE) has been shown to be a more adequate parameter for selecting antioxidants than the widely used ECs0. This study revealed that guava leaf extracts comprise effective potential source of natural antioxidants.

Antioxidant power of phytochemicals from Psidium guajava leaf

The present research addresses the notion that the compatibility of skills and task demands involved in a given activity elicits a flow experience that renders the respective activity rewarding. The study employed an experimental paradigm to document the causal impact of skills–demands compatibility on the emergence of flow and revealed that participants characterized by a strong internal locus of control (LOC) were most sensitive to the manipulation of skills–demands compatibility and experienced flow under conditions of a fit of skills and task demands, whereas individuals with a weak internal LOC did not enter the state of flow. In line with previous findings, this suggests that distinct personality attributes are of critical relevance for the experience of flow to emerge. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Internal locus of control and the flow experience: An experimental analysis

This study aims to analyze the psychological well-being of adolescents who live with the parents of victims of domestic violence in terms of the demographic aspects of the respondents. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique using certain criteria. The number of samples is 42 people (23 women and 19 men). Each sample has different demographic characteristics. The instrument used was the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS) on the Indonesian Version. Data analysis using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) with descriptive techniques. The research results found that: 1) the psychological well-being score of male adolescents was lower than the psychological well-being score of female adolescents; 2) the psychological well-being scores of the Minang ethnic adolescents were higher than the psychological well-being scores of adolescents from other tribes; and 3) the psychological well-being score of adolescents with the educational background of S1 parents is higher than adolescents with other educational backgrounds.

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How psychological well-being of adolescent based on demography indicators?

Excessive Internet use has demonstrated comorbidity with other psychological symptoms and psychiatric disorders, as well as impairments in the management of daily life, relationships and emotional stability. Recent findings in the literature have consistently supported the relationship between impulsivity and Internet addiction. The present study hypothesized that, in addition to impulsivity, a further predictor of Internet addiction might be relational co-dependency, which is also associated in the literature with addiction phenomena, but mainly substance addiction. This paper investigates the role and predictive weight of impulsivity and codependency on Internet addiction on a sample of young adult university students (n = 481) by using a hierarchical regression analysis. The participants were administered the UADI-2, the BIS-11 and the SFCDS. In terms of percentage distribution, 38 % of the participants were in the dependency range, while 37.7 % demonstrated Internet abuse behavior. The results confirmed the role of impulsiveness (β = 0.312) and added to the literature by showing the significant role of relational codependency (β = 0.275), gender (β = 0.174) and age (β = 0.196). Thus, male participants were more dependent, more impulsive and more co-dependent, with increasing age in the given range (18–30). The present study shed light to the presence of this issue among young adults and that, as a preventive and restraining measure, there is a need not only for targeted awareness-raising programmes but also for interventions to promote greater emotional control and a more balanced management of personal relationships.

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Internet addiction in young adults: The role of impulsivity and codependency

The entire world is being attacked by a pandemic outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or what we know as COVID-19. The Indonesian government policy of limiting the crowd of people when socializing affects various activities of young people at church, including in North Sumatera. This causes the psychological well-being (PWB) of the youth to be disturbed. Research shows Christian youths carry out activities such as wasting time on social media and online games that may lead to gambling (Jap et al., 2013) while neglecting their education, which is contrary to Christian teachings. Constantly pressured for neglecting responsibility and doing sins may affect PWB in youth, and forgiveness from God, their family and themselves may help increase PWB. Pre and post-test of PWB and forgiveness are administered. The instrument used is the PWB questionnaire based on Ryff's (1995) theory and TRIM-18 based on McCullough and Hoyt (2002). The subjects are adolescents and young adults aged 11-40 years in North Sumatera. Results show that both variables are high. There were differences based on participants’ educational background and whether or not the participants read the bible everyday in the PWB post-test data. As for the forgiveness, results show that there were differences based on educational background and occupation in the pre-test data, while in the post-test data, there is a difference based on how many times an individual reads the bible in a day.

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Overview of psychological well-being and forgiveness of christian youth in north sumatera

Pengunduran diri dari perkuliahan merupakan salah satu fenomena yang banyak terjadi pada mahasiswa, terutama mahasiswa strata 1 (S1) di institusi swasta. Penyebab utama fenomena ini adalah adanya intensi mengundurkan diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran regulasi diri dalam belajar dan keterlibatan akademik terhadap intensi mengundurkan diri dari perkuliahan. Secara khusus, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji resiliensi sebagai variabel mediator. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan 348 mahasiswa yang terdaftar di sebuah Universitas di Jakarta, Indonesia sebagai partisipan penelitian. Partisipan penelitian berusia 18 hingga 25 tahun. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan empat alat ukur yang diadaptasi dari instrumen sebelumnya. Alat ukur tersebut mengukur regulasi diri dalam belajar, keterlibatan akademik, resiliensi dan intensi mengundurkan diri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa resiliensi merupakan variabel mediator antara regulasi diri dalam belajar dan keterlibatan akademik terhadap intensi mengundurkan diri dari perkuliahan. Intensi tinggi untuk mengundurkan diri ditemukan pada mahasiswa di fakultas kedokteran serta mahasiswa tahun kedua. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan bahwa keterlibatan akademik paling berkontribusi terhadap intensi mengundurkan diri dibandingkan regulasi diri dalam belajar dan resiliensi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, mahasiswa perlu meregulasi diri dalam perkuliahan, membangun rasa terlibat dengan proses studi, serta perlu memiliki resiliensi agar semakin memiliki intensi rendah untuk mengundurkan diri. Drop out of college students is a rising phenomenon, especially in private institution. The main cause of this phenomenon is drop out intention. The goal of this research was to investigate the role of self-regulated learning and academic engagement to predict college student drop out intention. Specifically, this research aim to test resilience as a mediator variable between self-regulated learning and academic engagement in drop out intention. This study conducted quantitative approach with 348 student enrolled in a University in Jakarta, Indonesia as participant. Participants’ age range from 18 to 25 years. Data collected from four instruments adapted from previous instrument measured self regulated learning, academic engagement, resilience and drop out intention. Result showed that resilience mediated self regulated learning and academic engagement to drop out intention. High level of drop out intention found in medical student and second year student. Academic engagement has the most contribution to drop out intention. Result showed that college student need to develop self-regulated learning, feel engage with their learning process in institution, and have resilience in order to reduce drop out intention.

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Peran regulasi diri dalam belajar dan keterlibatan akademik terhadap intensi mengundurkan diri dengan resiliensi sebagai mediator

/pdf/codependency-among-family-members-as-predicted-by-family-3svfbucc76.pdf

Codependency Among Family Members as Predicted by Family Functioning and Personality Type

https://mail.phcogj.com/sites/default/files/PJ-11-6-126.pdf

In vitro Antioxidant Properties and α-Glucosidase Inhibition of Combined Leaf Infusions from Psidium guajava L., Syzygium polyanthum L., and Annona muricata L.

The use of social media has become inseparable in daily life, as is the case for adolescents specifically in urban areas. Therefore, this research is planned to be carried out in the context of teenage students, especially in Jakarta as an urban area. Adolescents who are the subjects in this study complete a survey that provides data on ecological contexts related to themselves, include with age, gender and education level as part of demographic potential data. The analysis in this study was conducted using descriptive statistics. This research was conducted in August to December 2019 in several secondary schools in several cities in Java. Research instruments include: informed consent, measurement scale which is part of the assessment regarding the use of social media by adolescents who are in the age range of 11 to 19 years. The research instrument used is the Social Networking Activity Intensity Scale, which has been tested for reliability and validity. The number of samples included in the analysis was 2038 participants. The findings of the study that there are differences in the use of social media in adolescents, girls more often use social media than boys. However, there is no difference in the use of social media by junior and senior high school students.

Pamela Hendra Heng

Papers

Overview of psychological well-being and forgiveness of christian youth in north sumatera

Peran regulasi diri dalam belajar dan keterlibatan akademik terhadap intensi mengundurkan diri dengan resiliensi sebagai mediator

Codependency Among Family Members as Predicted by Family Functioning and Personality Type

In vitro Antioxidant Properties and α-Glucosidase Inhibition of Combined Leaf Infusions from Psidium guajava L., Syzygium polyanthum L., and Annona muricata L.

The Use of Social Media by Urban Adolescents in Java: Descriptive Study