Covid-19 has caused significant distress around the globe Apart from the evident physical symptoms in infected cases, it has caused serious damage to public mental health India, like other countries, implemented a nationwide lockdown to contain and curb the transmission of the virus The current research is an attempt to explore psychological distress among people residing in India during the lockdown Four hundred and three participants were asked to complete a questionnaire with questions around symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and family affluence The results indicated that people who do not have enough supplies to sustain the lockdown were most affected, and family affluence was found to be negatively correlated with stress, anxiety, and depression Among different professions, students and healthcare professionals were found to experience stress, anxiety, and depression more than others Despite the current situation, stress, anxiety, and depression were found to be in normal ranges for mental health professionals highlighting their capabilities to remain normal in times of distress Policymakers and other authorities may take the assistance of mental health professionals to help overcome psychological issues related to Covid-19

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Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Indians in Times of Covid-19 Lockdown.

Background and aims COVID-19 has had a crippling effect on the health care systems around the world with cancellation of elective medical services and disruption of daily life We would like to highlight the learning opportunities offered by the current pandemic and their implication for a better future health care system Methods We have undertaken a comprehensive review of the current literature to analyse the consequences of COVID-19 on health care system Using suitable keywords like ‘COVID-19’, ‘telemedicine’, ‘health care’ and ‘remote consultations’ on the search engines of PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and Research Gate in the first week of May we gathered information on various aspects of effect of COVID-19 Results There has been a shared drive worldwide to devise strategies to protect people against viral transmission with reinforcement of hand hygiene and infection control principles but also to provide continuity of health care Virtual and remote technologies have been increasingly used in health care management Conclusion COVID-19 has offered unique learning opportunities for the health care sector Rationalizing and optimizing available resources with resilience shown on the coronavirus frontline during the crisis are some of most important lessons learnt during the crisis Importance of personal hygiene and re-enforcement of infection control measures have been acknowledged Telemedicine revolution will be a vital factor in delivering health care in the future

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Learning opportunities from COVID-19 and future effects on health care system.

Background & aims Diabetic Foot Disease (DFD) management had to be redefined during COVID-19. We aim to evaluate the impact of this on diabetic foot care services and the strategies adopted to mitigate them. Methods We have performed a comprehensive review of the literature using suitable keywords on the Search engines of PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and Research Gate in the first two weeks of May 2020. We have reviewed how the diabetic foot service in the hospital and community setting has been affected by the current Coronavirus outbreak. Results We found considerable disruption in diabetic foot service provisions both in the primary care and in the hospital settings. Social distancing and shielding public health guidelines have impacted the delivery of diabetic foot services. Conclusion As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads worldwide, health care systems are facing the tough challenges in delivering diabetic foot service to patients. Public health guidelines and the risk of virus transmission have resulted in reconfiguration of methods to support and manage diabetic foot patients including remote consultations.

Redefining diabetic foot disease management service during COVID-19 pandemic.

Healthy elderly, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease populations have been among the most affected in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic due to the direct effects of the virus, and numerous indirect effects now emerge and will have to be carefully assessed over time. This article reviews the main articles that have been published so far about the direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on these particularly fragile populations. The pandemic associated to COVID-19 has shifted most of the health resources to the emergency area and has consequently left the three main medical areas dealing with the elderly population (oncology, time-dependent diseases and degenerative disease) temporarily “uncovered”. In the phase following the emergency, it will be crucial to guarantee to each area the economic and organizational resources to quickly return to the level of support of the prepandemic state. The emergency phase represented a significant occasion of discussion on the possibilities of telemedicine which will inevitably become increasingly important, but all the limits of its use in the elderly population have to be considered. In the post-lockdown recovery phase, alongside the classic medical evaluation, the psychological evaluation must become even more important for doctors caring about people with cognitive decline as well as with their caregivers.

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Direct and indirect neurological, cognitive, and behavioral effects of COVID-19 on the healthy elderly, mild-cognitive-impairment, and Alzheimer's disease populations.

Background and aims COVID-19 disease appear to have been associated with significant mortality amongst doctors and health care workers globally. We explore the various risk factors associated with this occupational risk, especially focusing on India. This may elucidate lessons to protect these frontline workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We carried out a comprehensive review of the literature using suitable keywords such as ‘COVID-19’, ‘pandemics’, ‘physicians’ ‘mortality’ and ‘health personnel’ on the search engines of PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and ResearchGate in the month of July 2020 during the current COVID-19 pandemic and assessed mortality data. Results Mortality in health care professionals has been on the rise. The countries which faced the pandemic in the early months of 2020 have had a huge surge in mortality amongst doctors due to COVID-19. India continues to show a rising trend in COVID-19 cases, however although compared to the western world India has seen a comparatively favourable statistic. Male gender, elderly doctors and those belonging to Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) community seem to be predisposing factors in the western world. Conclusion COVID-19 has been associated with an increased mortality in doctors and health care workers. Until an effective cure/vaccine is developed, risk assessments at work, mitigating confounding factors, adequate supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) and enhanced protection against infection are necessary to protect health care professionals on the coronavirus frontline. Otherwise this occupational risk can lead to further untimely mortality and become another unintended consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Patralekha Chetterje

Papers

Gaps in India's preparedness for COVID-19 control.