Volcanological perspectives on Long Valley, Mammoth Mountain, and Mono Craters: several contiguous but discrete systems

A machine is disclosed which includes an enclosure with selection and payment means on the outside thereof and with storage and handling means on the inside thereof, all coupled to computer equipment which is on the inside of the enclosure. The computer equipment is programmed to facilitate a customer's creation from among types of products to be delivered and the desired mode of personalization thereof and to deliver a completed personalized product to a receptacle from which it may be removed by the customer. The machine of the invention improves customer service and availability by periodically reporting sales and other information. In addition, the machine self detects errors of operation and provides the capability of stocking new products or software programming revisions via data transmission from a remote location.

Computer controlled system for vending personalized products

A machine for vending greeting cards or other personalized or customized products includes audio and video presentations of available products and options available to a customer, provisions for payment and apparatus for automatic delivery of products. Base products such as preprinted forms are stored for selective transfer by a robot device to modifying apparatus such as a printer, modified products being delivered to a delivery receptacle, all operations being under computer control and being changeable as desired for adding or substituting new forms of products.

Computer controlled machine for vending personalized products or the like

A machine and method are provided for selecting product or service design, such as a social expression product. The machine and method each (i) stores a plurality of product or service designs and a plurality of descriptors for each of the plurality of product or service designs, each of the descriptors representing an application scale; (ii) stores an expert-predetermined optimum applicability value for each combination of the application scales and the product or service designs; (iii) presents, to a customer, selection criteria options for one or more application scales; (iv) stores customer preference values for one or more application scales used for describing the product/service design, the customer preference values to be predetermined by expert judgment and assigned to application scales where such values correspond to the selection criteria options chosen by the customer; (v) quantitatively correlates, by means of a correlation algorithm, each of the customer preference values with corresponding expert-predetermined optimum applicability values to calculate an average suitability rating for each of the product or service designs based on the customer-chosen selection criteria options; and (vi) displays for the customer a group of identified product or service designs based on the average suitability ratings for those identified product or service designs. In the case of a product, the apparatus and method solicit the customer to select one of the identified product designs, verify the selection and possibly modify the selected product design. The selected or modified product design may then be dispensed to the customer.

Method and apparatus for storing and selectively retrieving product data by correlating customer selection criteria with optimum product designs based on embedded expert judgments

An evaluation of the Rb vs. (Y + Nb) discrimination diagram to infer tectonic setting of silicic igneous rocks

The Mono Craters-Mono Lake islands volcanic complex consists of Late Pleistocene to Recent, basalt through high-silica rhyolite lavas. The lavas, excluive of high-silica rhyolites, are divided into high-and low-Ba series. Rocks of the high-Ba series include basalts, dacites, and rhyolites with SiO2 as high as 72 wt.%, all found in the Mono Basin. “Fp” (finely porphyritic) rhyolites of the Inyo chain extend this series to 74 wt.% SiO2. Basaltic rocks of the high-Ba series are depleted in Nb relative to large ion lithophile elements, and have trace-element signatures similar to subduction-related lavas. Ba concentrations increase from basalt to dacite, where they reach a maximum of about 1500 ppm, and then fall in the ryolites due to fractionation of sanidine. eNd values of the high-Ba series range from +1.6 to −2.0, and they show no regular variation with silica contents. This series probably represents numerous batches of magmas from an isotopically heterogeneous source. The high-Ba series is believed to contain a relatively large mantle component, although various magma batches evolved separately by crystal fractionation, assimilation, and mixing. The low-Ba series is volumetrically minor and is composed of basaltic and andesitic inclusions and one dacite dome in the Mono Craters. The low-Ba dacite (300 ppm Ba) appears to be derived from a crustal source that contained residual K-spar. The andesitic inclusions are hybrid and also probably contain a significant crustal component. The high-silica rhyolites of the Mono Craters, although monotonous in major-element chemistry, can be divided into the following three groups based on phenocryst mineralogy and trace-element chemistry: (1) biotite-bearing, (2) orthopyroxene-bearing, and (3) fayalite-bearing plus crystal-poor lavas. The biotite-bearing domes are the oldest and are not directly related to the other high-silica rhyolites. The orthopyroxene-bearing domes have the highest concentrations of light rare-earth elements and Zr and are the least evolved high-silica rhyolites of the chain. The fayalite-bearing and crystal-poor rhyolites are chemically homogeneous, and the trace-element data are consistent with their derivation from the orthopyroxene-bearing domes by fractionation of a feldspar-dominated, allanite-bearing assemblage. It is unlikely that the high-silica rhyolites are related to magmas similar to the low-Ba dacite. For example, the dacites and rhyolites contain zircon; thus Zr concentrations should fall and Nb should rise during fractionation from dacite to rhyolite. The high-silica rhyolites have similar concentrations of Zr and Nb as the low-Ba dacite, indicating that the former are not related to the latter. The geochemical data are qualitatively consistent with the high-silica rhyolites forming by fractionation of high-Ba rhyolites similar to the “fp” lavas of the Inyo chain. If this model is correct, then the high-silica rhyolites of the Mono Craters probably contain a large mantle component, and several cubic kilometers of new crust with an important cumulate component were added to the basement of the Eastern Sierra Nevada in Quaternary time.

Patrick C. Kelleher

Papers

The Geochemistry of the Mono Craters-Mono Lake Islands Volcanic Complex, eastern California

Producing geological illustrations using PC-based computer-aided drafting