In this paper, the performance of extractive desulfurization (EDS) from gasoline was studied using a mixed solvent, which consisted of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and tetramethylenesulfone (TMS). The effects of relevant parameters on EDS including volume ratio of DMAC/DMF/TMS, extraction temperature, extraction time, stirring speed, volume ratio of extractant and gasoline and initial concentration were investigated. The extraction removal of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and the residual sulfur content reached 99.1% and 9.5 ppm, respectively, at an optimal extractive condition of volume ratio of DMAC/DMF/TMS of 3 : 1 : 1 and volume ratio of extractant to gasoline of 1 : 5 at a stirring speed of 100 rpm over 10 min for extraction at 30 °C (ambient temperature) with five extraction stages. The DMAC/DMF/TMS extractant could be reused for several cycles maintaining high sulfur removal before being regenerated through adsorption. The impacts of three individual process variables such as, extraction time, extraction temperature and volume ratio of extractant to gasoline were investigated using Box–Behnken experimental design and their optimum values were found to be 15 min, 37 °C and 0.5, respectively. These results can be referred to for sulfur removal from gasoline in industrial applications.

Extractive desulfurization of dibenzothiophene by a mixed extractant of N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide and tetramethylene sulfone: optimization by Box–Behnken design

This study aimed to provide a rational experimental design to collect a minimum number of experimental data points for a drug dissolved in a given binary solvent mixture at various temperatures, and to describe a computational procedure to predict the solubility of the drugs in any solvent composition and temperature of interest. We gathered available solubility data sets from papers published from 2012 to 2016 (56 data sets, 3488 data points totally). The mean percentage deviations (MPD) used to check the accuracy of predictions was calculated by Eq. 10. Fifty-six datasets were analyzed using 8 training data points which the overall MPD was calculated to be 15.5% ± 15.1%, and for 52 datasets after excluding 5 outlier sets was 12.1% ± 8.9%. The paired t test was conducted to compare the MPD values obtained from the models trained by 7 and 8 training data points and the reduction in prediction overall MPD (from 17.7% to 15.5%) was statistically significant (p   0.88). This observation revealed that the model adequately trained using 8 data points and could be used as a practical strategy for predicting the solubility of drugs in binary solvent mixtures at various temperatures with acceptable prediction error and using minimum experimental efforts. These sorts of predictions are highly in demand in the pharmaceutical industry.

Solubility Prediction of Drugs in Binary Solvent Mixtures at Various Temperatures Using a Minimum Number of Experimental Data Points.

Solubility and thermodynamic parameters of a novel anti-cancer drug (DHP-5) in polyethylene glycol 400 + water mixtures

The mole fraction solubility data of l-proline in five monosolvents (water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, and acetonitrile) and four binary solvent systems (methanol + acetone, ethanol + acetone, met...

Solubility Behavior and Data Modeling of l-Proline in Different Neat and Binary Solvent Systems

Determination and modeling of the solubility of (limonin in methanol or acetone+water) binary solvent mixtures at T =283.2K to 318.2K

l-Cysteine solubility in 12 monosolvents (water,
methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isopropanol, isobutanol,
ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, and acetone) and three binary
solvents (water + methanol, water + ethanol, and water + isopropanol)
was determined by the gravimetric method from 283.15 to 323.15 K under
the atmospheric pressure. The solubility order in pure solvents was
acetonitrile < isobutanol < ethyl acetate ≈ sec-butanol < n-butanol < 1,4-dioxane < isopropanol < n-propanol < ethanol < methanol
< acetone < water, and it was positively related to the experimental
temperature and solvent composition for all solvent systems. For polar
protic solvents, the key factors influencing the solubility were the
length of the carbon chain and the solvent properties. The effect
of solvent–solvent and solvent–solute intermolecular
interactions on the solubility behavior was analyzed by the KAT-LSER
model. The modified Apelblat, Jouyban–Acree, and Apelblat–Jouyban–Acree
models were used to correlate the solubility data, and the values
calculated by the three thermodynamic models were found to agree well
with the experimental data.

Determination and Correlation of the Solubility of l-Cysteine in Several Pure and Binary Solvent Systems

Experimental solubility data of l-fucose in methanol + water, ethanol + water, 2-propanol + water, and acetone + water systems were measured at temperatures ranging from 28815 to 30815 K under atmosphere pressure (P = 01 MPa), using the gravimetric method The experimental results indicate that the solubility of l-fucose increases with increasing temperature and water content, as well as decreasing with the composition of organic solvents used in this work According to the data measured in this experiment, methanol is less effective than ethanol, 2-propanol, and acetone in the antisolvent crystallization process of l-fucose By means of our research, the solubility of l-fucose in the pure solvents was affected by polarity and hydrogen bond The modified Apelblat model, CNIBS/R-K model, and Apelblat–Jouyban–Acree model were used to correlate the solubility data, and all three of the thermodynamic models were found to agree well with the measured experimental solubility data

Determination and Correlation of the Solubility of l-Fucose in Four Binary Solvent Systems at the Temperature Range from 288.15 to 308.15 K

Experimental solubility data of d-ribose in four binary (2-propanol + 1-hexane, ethanol + 1-hexane, methanol + dichloromethane, and ethanol + dichloromethane) and twelve pure (1-hexane, dichloromet...

Determination and Correlation of d-Ribose Solubility in Twelve Pure and Four Binary Solvent Systems

Experimental solubility data of sodium naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate in five neat solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone) and three binary solvent systems (water + ethanol, water + 2...

Determination and Correlation of the Solubility of Sodium Naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate in Five Pure Solvents and Three Binary Solvent Systems at the Temperature Range from 283.15 to 323.15 K

Peng Wang

Papers

Solubility Behavior and Data Modeling of l-Proline in Different Neat and Binary Solvent Systems

Determination and Correlation of the Solubility of l-Cysteine in Several Pure and Binary Solvent Systems

Determination and Correlation of the Solubility of l-Fucose in Four Binary Solvent Systems at the Temperature Range from 288.15 to 308.15 K

Determination and Correlation of d-Ribose Solubility in Twelve Pure and Four Binary Solvent Systems

Determination and Correlation of the Solubility of Sodium Naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate in Five Pure Solvents and Three Binary Solvent Systems at the Temperature Range from 283.15 to 323.15 K