Context: Naringin is a natural flavanone glycoside that is found in the Chinese herbal medicines and citrus fruits. Studies have demonstrated that naringin possesses numerous biological and pharmac...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13880209.2016.1216131

Therapeutic potential of naringin: an overview

Naringin, chemically 4′,5,7- trihydroxyflavanone-7-rhamnoglucoside, is a major flavanone
 glycoside obtained from tomatoes, grapefruits, and many other citrus fruits. It has been
 experimentally documented to possess numerous biological properties such as antioxidant,
 anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. In vitro and in vivo studies have
 further established the usefulness of naringin in various preclinical models of atherosclerosis,
 cardiovascular disorders, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disorders, osteoporosis, and
 rheumatological disorders. Apart from this, naringin has also exerted chemopreventive and
 anticancer attributes in various models of oral, breast, colon, liver, lung, and ovarian cancer.
 This wide spectrum of biological expediency has been documented to be a result of either the
 upregulation of various cell survival proteins or the inhibition of inflammatory processes, or a
 combination of both. Due to the scarcity of human studies on naringin, this review focuses on
 the various established activities of naringin in in vitro and in vivo preclinical
 models, and its potential therapeutic applications using the available knowledge in the
 literature. Additionally, it also encompasses the pharmacokinetic properties of naringin and its
 inhibition of CYP isoenzymes, and the subsequent drug interactions. Moreover, further clinical
 research is evidently needed to provide significant insights into the mechanisms underlying the
 effects of naringin in humans.

/pdf/preclinical-evidence-for-the-pharmacological-actions-of-11pqcy60t4.pdf

Preclinical Evidence for the Pharmacological Actions of Naringin: A Review

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most popular among the adult stem cells in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Since their discovery and functional characterization in the late 1960s and early 1970s, MSCs or MSC-like cells have been obtained from various mesodermal and non-mesodermal tissues, although majority of the therapeutic applications involved bone marrow-derived MSCs. Based on its mesenchymal origin, it was predicted earlier that MSCs only can differentiate into mesengenic lineages like bone, cartilage, fat or muscle. However, varied isolation and cell culturing methods identified subsets of MSCs in the bone marrow which not only differentiated into mesenchymal lineages, but also into ectodermal and endodermal derivatives. Although, true pluripotent status is yet to be established, MSCs have been successfully used in bone and cartilage regeneration in osteoporotic fracture and arthritis, respectively, and in the repair of cardiac tissue following myocardial infarction. Immunosuppressive properties of MSCs extend utility of MSCs to reduce complications of graft versus host disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Homing of MSCs to sites of tissue injury, including tumor, is well established. In addition to their ability in tissue regeneration, MSCs can be genetically engineered ex vivo for delivery of therapeutic molecule(s) to the sites of injury or tumorigenesis as cell therapy vehicles. MSCs tend to lose surface receptors for trafficking and have been reported to develop sarcoma in long-term culture. In this article, we reviewed the current status of MSCs with special emphasis to therapeutic application in bone-related diseases.

Therapeutic potential of adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in diseases of the skeleton.

Advancing application of mesenchymal stem cell-based bone tissue regeneration

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by bone loss and structural deterioration of the bone tissue, leading to an increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures, most frequently in the hip, wrist and spine (Sendur et al., 2009). Bone loss is associated with such factors as age, menopause in women, smoking, alcohol excess, calcium and vitamin D deficiency, low weight and muscle mass, anticonvulsant and corticosteroid use as well as certain co-morbid conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (Javaid et al., 2008). Worldwide, it has been estimated that fractures caused by osteoporosis account for approximately one in three among women and approximately one in five among men over the age of 50. Although the mechanisms underlying osteoporosis are not fully understood, there is evidence suggesting that oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with its pathogenesis (Sahnoun et al., 1997; Basu et al., 2001; Rao et al., 2007).

/pdf/phytochemicals-a-global-perspective-of-their-role-in-2issr4z3t2.pdf

Peng-Zhang

Papers

Effects of naringin on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cell