Fractional calculus with an integral operator containing a generalized Mittag-Leffler function in the kernel

Basic (or q-) series and basic (or q-) polynomials, especially the basic (or q-) hypergeometric functions and basic (or q-) hypergeometric polynomials, are known to have widespread applications, particularly in several areas of number theory and combinatorial analysis such as (for example) the theory of partitions. Our usages here, in this survey-cum-expository article, of the q-calculus and the fractional q-calculus in geometric function theory of complex analysis are believed to encourage and motivate significant further developments on these and other related topics. By applying a fractional q-calculus operator, we define the subclasses $${\mathcal{S}}_{n}^{\alpha }(\lambda ,\beta ,b,q)$$ and $${\mathcal{G}}_{n}^{\alpha }(\lambda ,\beta ,b,q)$$ of normalized analytic functions with complex order and negative coefficients.
Among the results investigated for each of these function classes, we derive their associated coefficient estimates, radii of close-to-convexity, starlikeness and convexity, extreme points and growth and distortion theorems. Our investigation here is motivated essentially by the fact that basic (or q-) series and basic (or q-) polynomials, especially the basic (or q-) hypergeometric functions and basic (or q-) hypergeometric polynomials, are applicable particularly in several areas of number theory such as the theory of partitions. In fact, basic (or q-) hypergeometric functions are useful also in a wide variety of fields including, for example, combinatorial analysis, finite vector spaces, lie theory, particle physics, nonlinear electric circuit theory, mechanical engineering, theory of heat conduction, quantum mechanics, cosmology and statistics (see also (Srivastava and Karlsson in Multiple Gaussian hypergeometric series. pp 350–351, 1985) and the references cited thereon). In the last section on conclusion, we choose to point out the fact that the results for the q-analogues, which we consider in this article for $$0< q < 1$$, can easily (and possibly trivially) be translated into the corresponding results for the (p, q)-analogues (with $$0< q < p \leqq 1$$) by applying some obvious parametric and argument variations, the additional parameter p being redundant. Several other families of such extensively- and widely-investigated linear convolution operators as (for example) the Dziok–Srivastava, Srivastava–Wright and Srivastava–Attiya linear convolution operators, together with their extended and generalized versions, are also briefly considered.

Operators of Basic (or q-) Calculus and Fractional q-Calculus and Their Applications in Geometric Function Theory of Complex Analysis

We investigate the use of the embedding formalism and the Mellin transform in the calculation of tree-level conformal correlation functions in AdS/CFT. We evaluate 5- and 6-point Mellin amplitudes in 3 theory and even a 12-pt diagram in 4 theory, enabling us to conjecture a set of Feynman rules for scalar Mellin amplitudes. The general vertices are given in terms of Lauricella generalized hypergeometric functions. We also show how to use the same combination of Mellin transform and embedding formalism for amplitudes involving elds with spin. The complicated tensor structures which usually arise can be written as certain operators acting as projectors on much simpler index structures - essentially the same ones appearing in a at space amplitude. Using these methods we are able to evaluate a four-point current diagram with current exchange in Yang-Mills theory.

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Towards Feynman rules for Mellin amplitudes in AdS/CFT

Riemann surface, 29 addition theorem for sn(u), 28 additive number theory, 15 algebraic function, 29 balanced hypergeometric series, 18 Bell number, 17, 107 Bernoulli counting scheme, 111 Bernoulli number, 17 Bernoulli polynomial, 17 beta integral, 19 binomial series, 18 branched covering map, 28 branchpoint, 29 Catalan number, 16 Chu-Vandermonde summation formula, 19 commutative ordinary differential operators, 117 complete symmetric polynomial, 12 completely multiplicative, 15 complex structure, 29 conformally equivalent, 29 conjugate partition, 5 contiguous relation, 20 Dedekind sum, 107 digamma function, 21 Dirichlet region, 26 double gamma function, 27 Eisenstein series, 26 elementary symmetric polynomial, 12 elliptic function, 26 elliptic integral, 25 Euler number, 22 Euler product, 15 Euler’s dilogarithm, 19 Euler’s transformation formula, 19 Euler-Maclaurin summation formula, 15, 21 Eulerian number, 17, 107 Fermat measure, 53 Fermat’s last theorem, 27 fractional differentiation, 18 function element, 28 fundamental region, 26 Galois field, 65, 121 Gauss second summation theorem, 21 Gauss summation formula, 20 Gegenbauer polynomial, 51 generalised Stirling number, 16 generalised Stirling polynomial, 16 generalized hypergeometric series, 18 generalized Laguerre polynomial, 22 generalized Vandermonde determinant, 125 Genocchi number, 17

Per W. Karlsson

Papers

Multiple Gaussian hypergeometric series