Course Information Organization Eastern Arizona College Division Communicative Arts Course Number FCR 281 Title Children's Literature Credits 2 Developed by David Tammer Lecture/Lab Ratio 2 Lecture/0 Lab Transfer Status Transfers to UA, ASU and NAU as elective credit. Activity Course No CIP Code 19.0000 Assessment Mode Pre/Post Test, 105 points Semester Taught Offered Upon Request GE Category None Separate Lab No  Awareness Course No  Intensive Writing Course No

Children's literature

South Africa, Rwanda-Burundi and Germany and suggests that, in addition to the main narratives of what happened, the stories of Germans who defended Jews, Tutsis who stood alongside Hutus and Afrikaners who fought alongside blacks must be, and were, stories of struggles for freedom. When those stories are heard, students learn that no group has a genetic predisposition towards hatred or discrimination; there is ultimately no knowledge in the blood. This book is an outstanding text for moral educators and researchers, especially in higher education. It is no simple case study or mere descriptive account. Instead, it delves into rich theoretical areas with eminently practical application. It is an astute gift to all concerned with the moral dimensions of race, conflict and transformation. This is essential reading.

Laying ghosts to rest: dilemmas of the transformation in South Africa

Women with fistula live in a state of distress and in fear of their future life. An obstetric fistula has a devastating impact on affected women and their families. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the evidence from published articles on the consequences of obstetric fistula on women who endure the condition. The consequences were systematically reviewed from purely qualitative and mixed method primary studies. The literatures were searched through the search engines Google, Google scholar, Hinari using Pub Med data bases, and citation tracking. Relevant source of publications were searched for primary qualitative studies by formulating search protocol using related search terms. Time (articles published between January first of 2007 and 30th September 2016), participants (women who experienced obstetric fistula due to obstructed labor complications), types of study (purely qualitative and mixed method primary articles), findings (reporting consequences/impacts of obstetric fistula) were used as inclusion criteria. The quality appraisal tool for qualitative studies and the critical appraisal skills program were used to appraise the quality of the studies. The findings of sixteen studies were included in the review. The data were collected and then a thematic framework approach was applied for analysis. The thematic categories shared across most studies were related to the physical challenges of losing body control, women’s social and family relationships, and the challenges of losing income. Obstetric fistula has far reaching consequences on women’s physical well being, social and marital relationships, mental health and economic capacity. Fistula also challenged women coping abilities. The consequences of obstetric fistula are far more than the visible medical condition. Little evidence is available on mental health, child and fertility issues, and coping mechanisms. Therefore, further researches shall be aimed at addressing the understudied area and suitable interventions shall be offered to improve women’s overall quality of life.

/pdf/consequences-of-obstetric-fistula-in-sub-sahara-african-39etu47laq.pdf

Consequences of obstetric fistula in sub Sahara African countries, from patients' perspective: a systematic review of qualitative studies.

Globally, 2–3 million women are estimated to have a genital fistula, with an annual incidence of 50,000–100,000 women. Affected women remain silent within their communities, and their experiences often go unnoticed. Our objective was to explore the experiences of Ugandan women living with genital fistulas to understand how their lives were affected and how they coped with the condition. We conducted 8 focus group discussions (FGDs) with 56 purposively selected women with a genital fistula seeking treatment at Mulago Hospital, Uganda. Data were transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Women with a fistula were living a physically changed and challenging life, living socially deprived and isolated, living psychologically stigmatised and depressed, and living marital and sexual lives that were no longer joyful. The women’s experiences were full of life changes and coping strategies, and they used both problem- and emotion-focused coping strategies to deal with the challenges. They devised ways to reduce the smell of urine to reduce the stigma, rejection and isolation. While trying to cope, the women found themselves alone and isolated. Women either isolated themselves or were isolated by society, including by close relatives and their husbands. Their sex lives were no longer enjoyable, and generally, women felt a loss of their marital and sexual rights. Women with a fistula make adjustments in their lives to cope with the physical, social, psychological and sexual challenges. They use both problem- and emotion-focused coping to minimise their sense of isolation, as well as the rejection and stigma associated with fistula. These findings are essential for counselling patients, families and community members affected by a fistula. In similar contexts, health programmes should go beyond fistula closure and target communities and families to reduce the stigma and isolation faced by women with genital fistula.

/pdf/i-am-alone-and-isolated-a-qualitative-study-of-experiences-4k2682qngh.pdf

“I am alone and isolated”: a qualitative study of experiences of women living with genital fistula in Uganda

Ageing in Africa

Nigeria has no functional national policy on the care and welfare of older persons. Changing demographics in Nigeria, in addition to the breakdown of the family structure and absence of a social se...

https://tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311886.2018.1555201

Care of the elderly in Nigeria: Implications for policy

Vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) is one of maternal health problems confronting public health workers in Nigeria today. Information on how women suffering from this condition cope is important in that it can inform the design and delivery of programmes and interventions to address the challenges that face victims of VVF. The objective of this study was to highlight how women living with VVF cope with the health problem in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten women awaiting repairs at the National Fistula Centre at Abakaliki in Nigeria. Six of the women have lived with the health problem for more than ten years. Findings show that nearly all the women attributed their health problem to supernatural causes. The women stated that they go through a lot of physical and emotional problems. Some of the ways they have devised of physically coping with the problem include bathing regularly and use of strips of old wrappers as pads. Many of them cope emotionally and financially by attending religious gatherings and having some form of income yielding business. The study recommends the need for repairs to go hand in hand with vocational training so that they will have some income yielding business after repairs.

/pdf/living-with-vesico-vaginal-fistula-experiences-of-women-324n4xveyk.pdf

Living with vesico-vaginal fistula: experiences of women awaiting repairs in Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

The burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) on the elderly population in three divisions within the Northwest Region of Cameroon was examined. Data for this paper were extracted from a larger study which had been conducted concerning the burden of HIV infection and AIDS on the older adults in the Northwest Region of Cameroon. Using in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs), data were collected from 36 participants who were purposively selected from the three divisions which had been chosen randomly. 6 FGD sessions were held with 30 women aged 60 years and above and who were affected by HIV infection and AIDS, while IDIs sessions were held with 6 male community leaders. The results revealed that HIV infection and AIDS has added another dimension to the role of older persons. HIV infection and AIDS affects older people in diverse ways, as they have to look after themselves, their sick children and are often also left to look after their grandchildren orphaned by HIV infection and AIDS. These emerging issues in their lives make them vulnerable to health, social, economic and psychological challenges, and place a burden on them as caregivers instead of being cared for in their old age. Apart from increased direct expenditures, taking care of victims of HIV infection and AIDS requires older people to stay away from social, religious and community activities. The results showed that the loss of a child to HIV infection and AIDS affects the economic/financial well-being, participation in social/religious interactions as well as the community activities of older people participants. The implications of these findings for caregiving and social policy are discussed.

/pdf/hiv-aids-and-older-adults-in-cameroon-emerging-issues-and-3ma8jbp4kj.pdf

HIV/AIDS and older adults in Cameroon: Emerging issues and implications for caregiving and policy-making.

Although many in South Africa have access to low cost housing from the government, persistent housing problems continue to take center stage among the poor and needy in the country. This pa...

Housing Problems and Programs in South Africa: A Literature Review

The rapid increase in the global elderly population has been widely documented in both demographic and popular literature in recent decades. Population estimates produced by the national statistical service of South Africa in 2017 show that the proportion of elderly (60 years and older) in South Africa is growing fast, reaching 8.1% of the total population in 2017. The country is set to experience a doubling of the population over the age of 65 by the year 2020. Similar to their counterparts in the developed world, tertiary institutions throughout Africa too are faced with the challenge of training professionals capable of understanding and responding to the socioeconomic consequences, social priorities, and complex needs of an increasing aging population. The right set of policies can equip individuals, families, and societies to address the challenges of an aging population. After conducting an extensive literature review, we recommend that policy-makers in South Africa should look into ways that will enable them to meet the many challenges of an aging population in the coming decades. One way to address this issue would be to include gerontology content into the curricula of programs in the humanities and social sciences.

Perpetua Lum Tanyi

Papers

Care of the elderly in Nigeria: Implications for policy

Living with vesico-vaginal fistula: experiences of women awaiting repairs in Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

HIV/AIDS and older adults in Cameroon: Emerging issues and implications for caregiving and policy-making.

Housing Problems and Programs in South Africa: A Literature Review

The missing link: Finding space for gerontology content into university curricula in South Africa.