Peter J. Osmond

TL;DR: Adding V or C to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor reduced cardiac workload by different mechanisms: vasodilation and reduced central blood pressure with V and lower heart rate with C and during exercise, V persistently lowered central systolic pressure, AP, and SVR, whereas C did not.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the rate-slowing effects of NEB cause ambulatory cardiac myocardial oxygen consumption to be lower with NEB monotherapy or NEB/VAL combination therapy than with VAL monotherapy, and NEb/VAL is not superior to NEB alone in controlling heart rate, blood pressure, or ACRPP.

TL;DR: In this article, a single-blinded, forced-titration, crossover study was conducted in which carvedilol (C, 20 and 40 mg/day) or a control renin-angiotensin blocker, valsartan (V, 160 and 320 mg) were added to L Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate monitoring was performed at the end of each period.

TL;DR: The classic approach to systemic hemodynamics has been based on a steady-state electrical circuit model, where Blood Pressure (BP) is the product of “total” blood flow (cardiac output) and Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR).

TL;DR: It is concluded that long‐term ENaC blockade can normalize BP and protect macro‐ and microvascular function in patients with chronic hyperaldosteronism and that aldosterone may not play a major BP‐independent role in human macro‐and microcirculatory diseases.