The present subject matter relates to a capacity detector, a waveguide and a manifold for use with a coin sensor as well as methods for sensing a capacity of a coin receptacle. In one aspect, the waveguide for use with a coin sensor comprises an excitation end for receiving an acoustic signal, a horn end for disposition adjacent to a coin receptacle, and a conduit interconnecting the horn end and the excitation end. In embodiments, the horn end of the waveguide may define a horn selected from a tapered horn, an exponential horn, a tractrix horn, or a modified tractrix horn.

Acoustic coin sensor

A flared feed horn including a plurality of signal lines deposited on a bottom surface of a substrate and forming part of a TE11 sum mode launcher, a ground plane deposited a top surface of the substrate, and an outer conductor electrically coupled to the ground plane and having an internal chamber, where the conductor includes a flared portion and a cylindrical portion. The outer conductor includes an opening opposite to the substrate defining an aperture of the feed horn. The feed horn also includes an embedded conductor positioned within the chamber and being coaxial with the outer conductor, where the embedded conductor is in electrical contact with the plurality of signal lines. The feed horn also includes a TE12 difference mode launcher electrically coupled to the outer conductor proximate the aperture.

Compact wide band, flared horn antenna with launchers for generating circular polarized sum and difference patterns

An antenna horn includes an upper waveguide ridge and a lower waveguide ridge shaped to provide impedance matching. The antenna horn operates unimodally within a 6:1 instantaneous bandwidth. A circular array of antenna horns produces an enhanced radiation pattern in a horizontal plane with reduced radiating in the direction orthogonal to the horizontal plane. Furthermore, two circular arrays of half-height antenna horns may be arranged on a collinear axis, offset by one half of a sector width as defined by each horn aperture to reduce coupling.

Circular array of ridged waveguide horns

The invention discloses a low-scattering broadband dual-polarized probe antenna based on a reverse four-ridge structure. The low-scattering broadband dual-polarized probe antenna comprises a circularopening waveguide, an axial ripple, the reverse four-ridge structure, a bottom supporting block and a feed coaxial line. A first end of the circular opening waveguide is closed, and the second end isprovided with an opening. The openings are arranged in the two ends of the axial ripple. The reverse four-ridge structure is a cross-shaped structure; an outer side of each ridge plate comprises a curve changing section and an impedance adjusting section; an outer ridge line of the curve change section is a three-order Bessel function; and the outer ridge line of the impedance adjusting section isa straight line. The bottom supporting block is a cross-shaped structure composed of four trapezoidal blocks, and the reverse four-ridge structure is connected with the circular opening waveguide through the bottom supporting block. And the feed coaxial line is electrically connected with the reverse four-ridge structure through a through hole in a side wall of the circular opening waveguide. Inthe invention, a bandwidth of the circular opening waveguide antenna is improved, and the antenna has advantages of a high cross polarization identification degree, a high port isolation degree, a smooth in-band gain change and a low scattering effect.

Low-scattering broadband dual-polarized probe antenna based on reverse four-ridge structure

Provided is a broadband four-ridged dual-polarized antenna debugging method. The debugging method comprises debugging of the standing wave characteristic and the isolation characteristic of a broadband antenna in two polarization directions. The method comprises the following steps: first, the positions of four ridges of an antenna are adjusted to enable each ridge to be located in the same line with a corresponding feeding terminal and enable every two adjacent ridges to be perpendicular to each other; then, the distance between an antenna base and the whole antenna body is micro-adjusted; and finally, the lengths of the feeding terminals are adjusted to enable the standing-wave ratio performance of the two polarization directions and the isolation characteristic between the two polarization directions of the antenna to meet the index requirements. By adopting the broadband four-ridged dual-polarized antenna debugging method provided by the invention, the standing wave and isolation characteristics of a broadband antenna can be effectively improved, and operation is convenient.

Broadband four-ridged dual-polarized antenna debugging method

Quad ridged horn antennas which may be individually disposed at the focal point of a parabolic reflector, or in an antenna array of parabolic reflectors. In the field of satellite communications, focus-fed parabolic reflectors are required to be compact yet provide broadband signal services. As such, the antenna horn feed structure must be very compact and provide equally broadband services. In order to provide uniform excitation of a parabolic reflector antenna, the antenna must have equal beamwidths in the E plane and the H plane. The quad ridged horn antenna of the invention equalizes these beamwidths through of a conductive ring around the mouth of the horn antenna. Matching the E plane and the H plane beam widths results in uniform excitation of a parabolic reflector. The conductive ring is advantageously effective for exciting a reflector or an array of reflectors in two closely spaced bands, such as the Ku band.

Peter Strickland

Papers

Scalar quad ridged horn