The use to e of tetrafluoropropenes, particularly (HFO-1234) in a variety of applications, including refrigeration equipment, is disclosed. These materials are generally useful as refrigerants for heating and cooling, as blowing agents, as aerosol propellants, as solvent composition, and as fire extinguishing and suppressing agents.

Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins

The present invention relates to membranes including an urethane including a polyester polyol, wherein the membrane has a gas transmission rate of 15.0 or less for nitrogen gas wherein the membrane has an average thickness of approximately 20.0 mils. Under certain embodiments, the membranes include blends of one or more polyester polyol based thermoplastic urethanes and one or more barrier materials. The membranes can be employed in a variety of applications and can be used as either monolayers or multi-layered laminates.

Membranes of polyurethane based materials including polyester polyols

Products in the form of cushioning devices made from flexible membranes employing at least one layer including thermoplastic urethane and at least one layer of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol are inflatable to a relatively high pressure. The cushioning devices maintain the internal inflatant pressure for extended periods of time by employing a phenomenon referred to in the industry as diffusion pumping. Ideally, the cushioning devices of the present invention can be permanently inflated with gases such as nitrogen or air.

Cushioning device with improved flexible barrier membrane

An implantable, rechargeable assembly comprised of an implantable device disposed within a living organism, an electrical storage device connected to the implantable device, and a thermoelectric charging assembly operatively connected to the electrical storage device. The thermoelectric charging assembly has devices for transferring thermal energy between the living organism and a thermoelectric module, for generating an electrical current from the thermal energy, for charging the electrical storage device with the electrical current, for determining the extent to which the electrical storage device is being charged with the electrical current, and for generating a signal whenever the extent to which the electrical storage device is being charged with the electrical current falls below a specified value.

Biothermal power source for implantable devices

Surfactants (e.g., fluorosurfactants) for stabilizing aqueous or hydrocarbon droplets in a fluorophilic continuous phase are presented. In some embodiments, fluorosurfactants include a fluorophilic tail soluble in a fluorophilic (e.g., fluorocarbon) continuous phase, and a headgroup soluble in either an aqueous phase or a lipophilic (e.g., hydrocarbon) phase. The combination of a fluorophilic tail and a headgroup may be chosen so as to create a surfactant with a suitable geometry for forming stabilized reverse emulsion droplets having a disperse aqueous or lipophilic phase in a continuous, fluorophilic phase. In some embodiments, the headgroup is preferably non-ionic and can prevent or limit the adsorption of molecules at the interface between the surfactant and the discontinuous phase. This configuration can allow the droplet to serve, for example, as a reaction site for certain chemical and/or biological reactions. In another embodiment, aqueous droplets are stabilized in a fluorocarbon phase at least in part by the electrostatic attraction of two oppositely charged or polar components, one of which is at least partially soluble in the dispersed phase, the other at least partially soluble in the continuous phase. One component may provide colloidal stability of the emulsion, and the other may prevent the adsorption of biomolecules at the interface between a component and the discontinuous phase. Advantageously, surfactants and surfactant combinations of the invention may provide sufficient stabilization against coalescence of droplets, without interfering with processes that can be carried out inside the droplets.

Fluorocarbon emulsion stabilizing surfactants

The azeotropic compositions of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1,1-difluoroethane and the azeotropic and azeotropic-like composition of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and one of, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, perfluorocyclobutane, n-butane, isobutane and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, and their use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants and blowing agents for polymer foams, are disclosed. The azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and one of perfluorocyclobutane and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane are also useful as fire extinguishants.

Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane

MONOMERS OF THE FORMULA RFO(CF(CF3)CF2O)NCF(CF3)C (O)-N(R'')RO2CC(R")"CH2 WHEREIN RF IS PERFLUOROALKYL, N IS 0-8, R'' IS HYDROGEN OR LOWER ALKYL, R IS ALKYLENE, AND R" IS HYDROGEN OR METHYL. HOMOPOLYMERS OF THE ABOVE-DESCRIBED MONOMERS AND COPOLYMERS OF THEM WITH VINYLIDENE MONOMERS. THE POLYMERS ARE USEFUL AS OIL AND WATER REPELLENTS AND AS METAL CORROSION INHIBITORS.

Acrylate-type esters of perfluoropoly-oxa-alkaneamidoalkyl alcohols and their polymers

Corrosion inhibitor compositions comprising a mixture of an amine neutralized phosphate ester and a volatile amine selected from the group consisting of cyclohexylamine, morpholine and isopropylamine. Such compositions are useful in inhibiting corrosion on the interior surfaces of tin-plated aerosol cans containing water-based aerosol formulations.

Aerosol corrosion inhibitors

An improved closed cell polymer foam and foaming agent involving the use of a halocarbon blowing agent (eg, HCFC-22, HCFC-123, HCFC-123a, and HCFC-141b) in combination with an effective amount of a gas barrier resin (eg, an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene/acrylic ester copolymer or acrylic ester polymer) uniformly dispersed in the continuous polymeric phase The presence of the gas barrier resin is shown to significantly reduce the escape of blowing agent from and/or entry of air into the foam resulting in low thermal conductivity over a longer period of time and improved thermal insulation value

Polymer foams containing gas barrier resins

An improved closed cell polymer foam and foaming agent involving the use of a hydrogen- containing halocarbon blowing agent (e.g., HCFC-22) in combination with an effective amount of a hydrogen bond forming blocking agent (e.g., organic ether, ester or ketone). The presence of the blocking agent is shown to significantly reduce the escape of blowing agent from and entry of air into the foam resulting in low thermal conductivity over a longer period of time and improved thermal insulation value.

Philip Lee Bartlett

Papers

Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane

Acrylate-type esters of perfluoropoly-oxa-alkaneamidoalkyl alcohols and their polymers

Aerosol corrosion inhibitors

Polymer foams containing gas barrier resins

Polymer foams containing blocking agents