http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/201/4359/899.2.full.pdf

Phenomenology of perception.

Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge. Edited by I. Lakatos and A. Musgrave. Pp. viii, 282. £3·50, paperback £1. 1970. (Cambridge University Press.)

Social entrepreneurship, as a practice and a field for scholarly investigation, provides a unique opportunity to challenge, question, and rethink concepts and assumptions from different fields of management and business research. This paper puts forward a view of social entrepreneurship as a process that catalyzes social change and/or addresses important social needs in a way that is not dominated by direct financial benefits for the entrepreneurs. Social entrepreneurship is seen as differing from other forms of entrepreneurship in the relatively higher priority given to promoting social value and development versus capturing economic value. To stimulate future research the authors introduce the concept of embeddedness as a nexus between theoretical perspectives for the study of social entrepreneurship. Different research methodologies and their implications are discussed.

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID984426_code361123.pdf?abstractid=673446&mirid=1&type=2

Social Entrepreneurship Reserach: a Source of Explanation, Prediction and Delight

Everybody knows that digital technology has revolutionized our economy and our lifestyles. But how many of us really understand the drivers behind the technology – the significance of going digital; the miniaturization of electronic devices; the role of venture capital in financing the revolution; the importance of research and development? How many of us understand what it takes to make money from innovative technologies? Should we worry about manufacturing going offshore? What is the role of India and China in the digital economy? Drawing on a lifetime’s experience in the industry, as an engineer, a senior manager, and as a partner in a global venture capital firm, Henry Kressel offers an expert personalized answer to all these questions. He explains how the technology works, why it matters, how it is financed, and what the key lessons are for public policy.

Competing for the Future

Market imperfections, opportunity and sustainable entrepreneurship

Defining the field of research in entrepreneurship

http://www.isihome.ir/freearticle/ISIHome.ir-23012.pdf

Are opportunities recognized or constructed? An information perspective on entrepreneurial opportunity identification

This article is based on a long consideration of the concept of small business after 30 years of conceptual development. Most, if not all, researchers in small business have accepted the idea that ...

Specificity and Denaturing of Small Business

Introduction: the importance of small business research in recent years what does "small business" mean? quantitative topologist, multicriteria or qualitative topologist, towards a complex overall typology, conclusion the analysis framework the plan of the book who should read this book? Part 1 Economic theory of small business: introduction the re-emergence of small business: industrial restructuring and small business, small businesses and the regions the causes of the re-emergence of small business: the general reasons related to economic transformation, criticism of economies of scale, specific reasons the theories that explain small business dynamism: the role of the entrepreneur in economic dynamism, the theory of niches, change, uncertainty and 'economic of risk', the new need for flexibility, the distribution of managerial capacities towards a new small business/big business equilibrium: controlling information, the importance of networks, training, state intervention conclusion. Part 2 Small businesses and local development: introduction: the emergence of local initiative the local scale, or zone of action: 'localities' as a field of intervention for the creation and consolidation of small businesses, the meso-economic approach the concept of local development as of relates to small businesses: trigger elements, local development and community development - similarities and significant differences, over-emphasis on economic aspects, pragmatism the local development process and small business creation key players: the network concept, small business support-organizations, an example of a newfoundland development corporation small business development in rural communities: rural industrialization, case study - CADC Mekinac-Des Chenaux Inc conclusion. Part 3 Small business distribution and location: introduction geographical distribution and localization of small businesses in the tertiary sector: a well-known distribution model - central place 'theory', business location studies - a well-defined field, specific nature of certain public and private services geographical distribution and location of small manufacturing businesses: the theory of manufacturing places - a basic model, classic Weber-based location models a more realistic approach to small business location: overview of previous discussion, business location and a multiple decision-making process over time, methodological considerations for small business location studies, new fields of study conclusion. Part 4 Entrepreneurs and small business owner-managers: introduction the world of the entrepreneur. (Part contents).

The State of the Art in Small Business and Entrepreneurship

Most economists agree in their view of small and medium-sized enterprises, or small businesses (SMEs), as a marginal scientific subject. They may go so far as to ignore them, either because they think these economic units do not lend themselves to conventional economic studies — studies which, for instance, take into account the “sacred cow” theory of economies of scale — or because they see them as being not really different from big businesses. However, at least a few economists have recognized, first, the many characteristics differentiating SMEs from big firms, and second, their increasing importance in terms of numbers and job creation within economies. Among these few, Schumpeter was one of the first to show the importance of entrepreneurs and SMEs as the main variable of change in an economy. Simon and Lucas also explained the difference between small and big firms through the differing abilities required by managers to run them. Penrose looked at the question from another point of view by highlighting the interstices taken up by SMEs to fulfil needs that cannot be fulfilled by bigger units. Critics of the theory of economies of scale showed that such economies may be offset by a number of diseconomies, thus justifying the efficiency of many SMEs. More recently, Mills and Schumann suggested that SMEs compensate for their lack of economies of scale by their production flexibility, particularly in today's turbulent economy. The limits of traditional economic theory are clearly demonstrated by the fact that it does not take account of all these theories, concepts and ideas. It thus neglects a number of important economic phenomena, including the persistence and current expansion of SMEs. Consideration of such phenomena may lead to the development of a new economic theory based on the concepts of instability and contingency, together with the behaviour of entrepreneurs and small firms, thus tending to contradict, in particular, the concept of equilibrium in conventional economic theory.

Pierre-André Julien

Papers

Defining the field of research in entrepreneurship

Are opportunities recognized or constructed? An information perspective on entrepreneurial opportunity identification

Specificity and Denaturing of Small Business

The State of the Art in Small Business and Entrepreneurship

Small Businesses As A Research Subject: Some Reflections on Knowledge of Small Businesses and Its Effects on Economic Theory*