Abstract The Internet of things (IoT) is an important technology that is highly beneficial in establishing smart items, connections and cities. However, there are worries regarding security and privacy vulnerabilities in IoT in which some emerge from numerous sources, including cyberattacks, unsecured networks, data, connections or communication. This paper provides an ensemble intrusion strategy based on Cyborg Intelligence (machine learning and biological intelligence) framework to boost security of IoT enabled networks utilized for network traffic of smart cities. To do this, multiple algorithms such Random Forest, Bayesian network (BN), C5.0, CART and Artificial Neural Network were investigated to determine their usefulness in identifying threats and attacks-botnets in IoT networks based on cyborg intelligence using the KDDcup99 dataset. The results reveal that the AdaBoost ensemble learning based on Cyborg Intelligence Intrusion Detection framework facilitates dissimilar network characteristics with the capacity to swiftly identify different botnet assaults efficiently. The suggested framework has obtained good accuracy, detection rate and a decreased false positive rate in comparison to other standard methodologies. The conclusion of this study would be a valuable complement to the efforts toward protecting IoT-powered networks and the accomplishment of safer smart cities. 

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Design of Intrusion Detection System based on Cyborg intelligence for security of Cloud Network Traffic of Smart Cities

Industrial internet of things in intelligent manufacturing: a review, approaches, opportunities, open challenges, and future directions

Green manufacturing via machine learning enabled approaches

Moving target defense (MTD) and decoy strategies, measures of active defense, were introduced to secure both the proactive security and reactive adaptability of internet-of-things (IoT) networks that have been explosively applied to various industries without any strong security measures and to mitigate the side effects of threats. However, the existing MTD and decoy strategies are limited to avoiding the attacker’s reconnaissance and initial intrusion attempts through simple structural mutations or inducing the attackers to a static trap based on the deceptive path and lack approaches to adaptively optimize IoT in consideration of the unique characteristic information by the domain of IoT. Game theory-based and decoy strategies are other options; however, they do not consider the dynamicity and uncertainty of the decision-making stages by the organizational agent related to the IoT domains. Therefore, in this paper, we present a type of organizational deception modeling, namely IoT-based organizational deception modeling (IoDM), which considers both the dynamic topologies and organizational business fingerprints customized in the IoT domain and operational purpose. For this model, we considered the practical scalability of the existing IoT-enabled MTD and decoy concepts and formulated the partially incomplete deceptive decision-making modeling for the cyber-attack and defense competition for IoT in real-time based on the general-sum game. According to our experimental results, the efficiency of the deceptive defense of the IoT defender could be improved by 70% on average while deriving the optimal defense cost compared to the increased defense performance. The findings of this study will improve the deception performances of MTD and decoy strategies by IoT scenarios related to various operational domains such as smart home networks, industrial networks, and medical networks. To the best of our knowledge, this study has employed social-engineering IoT knowledge and general-sum game theory for the first time.

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IoDM: A Study on a IoT-Based Organizational Deception Modeling with Adaptive General-Sum Game Competition

Starting from the nonlinear operating equations of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and from the global strategy of the field-oriented control (FOC), this article compares the linear and nonlinear control of a PMSM. It presents the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) algorithm as a linear control algorithm, in addition to that obtained through feedback linearization (FL). Naturally, the nonlinear approach through the Lyapunov and Hamiltonian functions leads to results that are superior to those of the linear algorithms. With the particle swarm optimization (PSO), simulated annealing (SA), genetic algorithm (GA), and gray wolf Optimization (GWO) computational intelligence (CI) algorithms, the performance of the PMSM–control system (CS) was optimized by obtaining parameter vectors from the control algorithms by optimizing specific performance indices. Superior performance of the PMSM–CS was also obtained by using reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, which provided correction command signals (CCSs) after the training stages. Starting from the PMSM–CS performance that was obtained for a benchmark, there were four types of linear and nonlinear control algorithms for the control of a PMSM, together with the means of improving the PMSM–CS performance by using CI algorithms and RL–twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) agent algorithms. The article also presents experimental results that confirm the superiority of PMSM–CS–CI over classical PI-type controllers.

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Improvement of Linear and Nonlinear Control for PMSM Using Computational Intelligence and Reinforcement Learning

With information systems worldwide being attacked daily, analogies from traditional warfare are apt, and deception tactics have historically proven effective as both a strategy and a technique for Defense. Defensive Deception includes thinking like an attacker and determining the best strategy to counter common attack strategies. Defensive Deception tactics are beneficial at introducing uncertainty for adversaries, increasing their learning costs, and, as a result, lowering the likelihood of successful attacks. In cybersecurity, honeypots and honeytokens and camouflaging and moving target defense commonly employ Defensive Deception tactics. For a variety of purposes, deceptive and anti-deceptive technologies have been created. However, there is a critical need for a broad, comprehensive and quantitative framework that can help us deploy advanced deception technologies. Computational intelligence provides an appropriate set of tools for creating advanced deception frameworks. Computational intelligence comprises two significant families of artificial intelligence technologies: deep learning and machine learning. These strategies can be used in various situations in Defensive Deception technologies. This survey focuses on Defensive Deception tactics deployed using the help of deep learning and machine learning algorithms. Prior work has yielded insights, lessons, and limitations presented in this study. It culminates with a discussion about future directions, which helps address the important gaps in present Defensive Deception research.

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Pilla Vaishno Mohan

Papers

Leveraging Computational Intelligence Techniques for Defensive Deception: A Review, Recent Advances, Open Problems and Future Directions