Review on flammability of biofibres and biocomposites.

Magnesium hydroxide reinforced kenaf fibers/epoxy hybrid composites: Mechanical and thermomechanical properties

Synergistic effect of nano silicon dioxide and ammonium polyphosphate on flame retardancy of wood fiber–polyethylene composites Part A Applied science and manufacturing

Wood fiber-high density polyethylene composites (WPCs) with nano silicon dioxide (nano-SiO 2 ) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) were prepared to investigate the synergistic effects on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of WPCs. APP/nano-SiO 2 has significant improvement on heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), time to ignition (TTI), mass loss rate (MLR), and limited oxygen index (LOI). The most efficiency was appeared in APP 8%/nano-SiO 2 6%. It reduced the average and peak HRR by 42% and, 44% respectively, and increased the TTI by 78%. In WPCs containing APP/nano-SiO 2 , APP can interact with nano-SiO 2 , wood fiber, leading to promote the thermal degradation of WPC take place earlier, and stabilize the char residues. The presence of nano-SiO 2 can further form an intercalated network in char structure, enhancing the physical integrity. This char layer with more thermal stability and physical integrity results in an effectively synergistic effect on flame retardancy of WPCs.

Synergistic effect of nano silicon dioxide and ammonium polyphosphate on flame retardancy of wood fiber–polyethylene composites

Polypropylene (PP), one of five general-purpose plastics, is widely used in many fields. However, the intrinsic alkane structure of PP makes it relatively easy to burn, leading to limiting its scope of application. Here, this article reviews the most commonly flame retarding strategies used in PP matrices, including the flame-retardant compounds, application methods as well as flame-inhibition mechanism and also focuses on recent advances and foresees the future outlook of such applications. It is seen that traditional flame retardants and some new compounds are considered in modifying the fire behaviors of PP. At present, with the enhancement of environmental awareness, the application frequency of novel materials in this field is increasing. Thus, the harmonious combination of traditional flame retardants with the newly derived flame retardants has broadened the choice of researchers to come up with novel strategies for improving the fire performance of PP matrices.

Flame retardant treatments for polypropylene: Strategies and recent advances

Lanthanum oxide (La 2 O 3 ) was incorporated as a catalytic synergist to enhance the flame retardancy of the environmental friendly halogen free inorganic compound magnesium hydroxide (MH), the main flame retardant, filled in the flammable polymer polypropylene (PP) matrix. It was found that the addition of an appropriate loading of La 2 O 3 could remarkably improve the flame retardancy of MH filled PP FR composite. The significant enhancement in the flame retardancy was attributed to the greatly improved quality of the condensed phase charred layers deposited on the surface of the formed magnesium oxide (MgO) particles through participation of PP macromolecular chains themselves in the char formation reaction under the catalytic action of La 2 O 3 . It was believed that the char formation reaction involved with the PP macromolecular chains is composed of two processes related to the catalytic role of La 2 O 3 , i.e. catalytic oxidation hydrogenation and catalytic partial oxidation.

Pingli Li

Papers

Synergistic catalysis effects of lanthanum oxide in polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide flame retarded system