Educational data mining (EDM) is an emerging interdisciplinary research area that deals with the development of methods to explore data originating in an educational context. EDM uses computational approaches to analyze educational data in order to study educational questions. This paper surveys the most relevant studies carried out in this field to date. First, it introduces EDM and describes the different groups of user, types of educational environments, and the data they provide. It then goes on to list the most typical/common tasks in the educational environment that have been resolved through data-mining techniques, and finally, some of the most promising future lines of research are discussed.

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Educational Data Mining: A Review of the State of the Art

On Educational psychology: A cognitive view.

Mobile devices such as laptops, personal digital assistants, and mobile phones have become a learning tool with great potential in both classrooms and outdoor learning. Although there have been qualitative analyses of the use of mobile devices in education, systematic quantitative analyses of the effects of mobile-integrated education are lacking. This study performed a meta-analysis and research synthesis of the effects of integrated mobile devices in teaching and learning, in which 110 experimental and quasiexperimental journal articles published during the period 1993-2013 were coded and analyzed. Overall, there was a moderate mean effect size of 0.523 for the application of mobile devices to education. The effect sizes of moderator variables were analyzed and the advantages and disadvantages of mobile learning in different levels of moderator variables were synthesized based on content analyses of individual studies. The results of this study and their implications for both research and practice are discussed. This is a meta-analysis and research synthesis study for mobile-integrated education.110 published journal articles that were written over a 20-year period were coded and analyzed.The application of mobile devices to education has a moderate mean effect size.The effect sizes of moderator variables were analyzed.The benefits and drawbacks of mobile learning were synthesized.

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The effects of integrating mobile devices with teaching and learning on students' learning performance

Challenging games help students learn

Observing Interaction: An Introduction to Sequential Analysis, Roger Bakeman, John M. Gottman. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1986), ixv, +221. Price £25.00 hardback, £7.95 paperback

In this paper, an online game was developed in the form of a competitive board game for conducting web-based problem-solving activities The participants of the game determined their move by throwing a dice Each location of the game board corresponds to a gaming task, which could be a web-based information-searching question or a mini-game; the former was used to guide the participants to search for information to answer a series of questions related to the target learning issue, while the latter was used to provide supplementary materials during the gaming process To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, an experiment was conducted on an elementary school natural science course The experimental results showed that the proposed approach not only significantly promoted the flow experience, learning attitudes, learning interest and technology acceptance degree of the students, but also improved their learning achievements in the web-based problem-solving activity

An online game approach for improving students' learning performance in web-based problem-solving activities

Advancements and trends in digital game-based learning research: a review of publications in selected journals from 2001 to 2010

Mobile and wireless communication technologies not only enable anytime and anywhere learning, but also provide the opportunity to develop learning environments that combine real-world and digital-world resources. Nevertheless, researchers have indicated that, without effective tools for helping students organize their observations in the field, the mobile learning performance could be disappointing. To cope with this problem, this study proposes an interactive concept map-oriented approach for supporting mobile learning activities. An experiment has been conducted on an elementary school natural science course to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed approach not only enhances learning attitudes, but also improves the learning achievements of the students.

An interactive concept map approach to supporting mobile learning activities for natural science courses

The use of mobile technologies in learning has attracted much attention from researchers and educators in the past decade. However, the impacts of mobile learning on students' learning performance are still unclear. In particular, some schoolteachers still doubt the effectiveness of using such new technologies in school settings. In this study, a survey has been conducted by reviewing the 2008-2012 publications in seven well-recognised Social Science Citation Index SSCI journals of technology-enhanced learning to investigate the applications and impacts of mobile technology-enhanced learning. It is found that mobile learning is promising in improving students' learning achievements, motivations and interests. In addition, from the survey, it is found that smartphones and tablet PCs have gradually become widely adopted mobile learning devices in recent years, which could affect the adoption of sensing technologies in the future. Accordingly, several open issues of mobile learning are addressed.

Applications, impacts and trends of mobile technology-enhanced learning: a review of 2008-2012 publications in selected SSCI journals

Augmented reality (AR) has been recognized as a potential technology to help students link what they are observing in the real world to their prior knowledge. One of the most challenging issues of AR-based learning is the provision of effective strategy to help students focus on what they need to observe in the field. In this study, a competitive gaming approach is proposed to support AR-based learning activities conducted in real-world contexts. An experiment has been conducted on an elementary school ecology course to explore the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison with the conventional AR-based mobile learning approach in field trips. The experimental results show that the AR-based gaming approach can improve not only students' learning attitudes, but also their learning performance on the field trip. Accordingly, discussions and some suggestions for future work are provided.

Po-Han Wu

Papers

An online game approach for improving students' learning performance in web-based problem-solving activities

Advancements and trends in digital game-based learning research: a review of publications in selected journals from 2001 to 2010

An interactive concept map approach to supporting mobile learning activities for natural science courses

Applications, impacts and trends of mobile technology-enhanced learning: a review of 2008-2012 publications in selected SSCI journals

Effects of an augmented reality-based educational game on students' learning achievements and attitudes in real-world observations