An approach for analysing transportation costs and a case study

The purpose of question classification (QC) is to assign a question to an appropriate category from the set of predefined categories that constitute a question taxonomy. Selected question features are able to significantly improve the performance of QC. However, feature extraction, particularly syntax feature extraction, has a high computational cost. To maintain or enhance performance without syntax features, this study presents a hybrid approach to semantic feature extraction and lexical feature extraction. These features are generated by improved information gain and sequential pattern mining methods, respectively. Selected features are then fed into classifiers for questions classification. Benchmark testing is performed using the public UIUC data set. The results reveal that the proposed approach achieves a coarse accuracy of 96% and fine accuracy of 90.4%, which is superior to existing methods.

Feature extraction based on information gain and sequential pattern for English question classification

The rising of surrounding temperature nowadays make people feel uncomfortable, and this problem more or less is caused by greenhouse effect that comes from all sorts of human activities which comprise of the usage of electricity, the burning of fossil fuels from vehicles and industries as well as deforestation. In other words, the lacking of plants is one of reason that leads to global warming. The idea of inventing Arduino based automatic plant watering system is inspired by the urge to preserve environment from greenhouse effect. With the effort and contribution of people in growing houseplants, the use of technology in designing a plant watering system that can water the plant automatically without the need of human effort can be
implemented to deal with the hectic lifestyle of people nowadays. In conjunction with the objectives of doing this project, the design on automatic plant watering system is studied and is created using Arduino. This project is then developed using Arduino Uno as a microcontroller that interfaced by C and C++ assembly language. Meanwhile, Arduino works together with the soil moisture sensor upon detecting the moisture level of plants and send signal to control the on and off of the micro submersible water pump. The performance and functionality of the automatic plant
watering system are analyzed using Parallax Data Acquisition tool (PLX-DAQ) Spreadsheet in Microsoft Excel as a result of data logging which also enable realtime
monitoring directly from Arduino IDE. Overall, this Arduino based automatic plant watering system is beneficial in term of encouraging planting without the need of human effort. In the long run, the contribution of people in planting is expected to aid in minimizing greenhouse effect.

Arduino Based Automatic Plant Watering System Using Soil Moisture Sensor For Botanical Purpose

Title of thesis Problems and Prospects of Buffalo Husbandry in Haryana Name of the degree holder Sarita Admission No. 2014V06D Title of degree Doctor of Philosophy Name and address of major advisor Dr. S.P. Singh Professor, Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education, College of Veterinary Sciences, LUVAS, Hisar-125004, Haryana, India Degree awarding University Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar-125004, Haryana, India Year of award of degree 2017 Major subject Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education Total no. of pages in the thesis 213 + i-xii No. of words in the abstract 762

Problems and prospects of buffalo husbandry in Haryana

Java plum and amaltash seed biomass based bio-adsorbents for synthetic wastewater treatment

Pareto optimal solutions of a cost–time trade-off bulk transportation problem

In this present study, jackfruit bio-adsorbent was synthesized and utilized as cost effective for the removal of cadmium from aqueous solution. Jackfruit bio-adsorbent was characterized using emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractive spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emissions spectrometer techniques. Effects of different parameters such as solution pH, dosage of adsorbent, stirring speed and concentration of cadmium removal were evaluated and optimized. The maximum adsorption was achieved at speed of 120 rpm, pH 7.6, 60 mg adsorbent dose and contact time for 1 h, the optimum adsorption efficiency of about 97.12% was observed even at lower adsorbent dosing of 60 mg. Activation energy of the jackfruit bio-adsorbent was also being evaluated, which was observed 130.69 kJ/mol using FWO method which attributed to a chemisorptions adsorption process.

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Cadmium removal from aqueous solution by jackfruit seed bio-adsorbent

The study was conducted in the Doda district of Jammu and Kashmir state (India) to create a database of the indigenous technical knowledge practices used by the pastoralists for the treatment of animal diseases. The data was collected with the help of a structured interview schedule through personal interview technique. Sixty indigenous technical knowledge practices were identified and documented. A total of 38 species of plants and ingredients used for treatment of 24 different ailments were documented. Of the total 60 documented remedies, 7 were for the treatment of diarrhoea, 6 for bloat, 5 for indigestion, 4 for wound healing, 3 each for fever, stomach ache, jaundice, liver problems, haematuria, internal injury and cough, 2 each for yoke gall, pneumonia, colic, anaemia and one each for dysentery, abscess, stomatitis, oliguria, pleuritis, vomiting, urolithiasis, constipation and abscess maturation.

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Ethno-veterinary practices used for the treatment of animal diseases in Doda district, Jammu & Kashmir

As we all are aware that safe and quality milk is being produced from healthy animals using management practices that are sustainable from an animal welfare, social, economic and environmental perspective. This study was carried out to find out the common animal welfare practices being practiced by randomly selected 120 dairy farmers in the four blocks of Kathua district of Jammu and Kashmir state of India. For the study, a door to door survey was conducted using semi-structured interview schedule to collect primary data on various dairy animal welfare practices like calf rearing, feeding, housing, breeding, health care and milking welfare keeping in mind the “Five Freedoms” concept for animal welfare. Data from the study revealed that 100 percent of the farmers took care of the calves at the time of birth, provided colostrums (44%) after the removal of placenta and fed milk to their calves for more than four months after birth, but as far as total calf welfare was concerned they were not practicing cutting, ligation and disinfection of naval cord as required. They were also providing necessary amount of greens and concentrates to their animals and in some parts of district, they had maintained the standards of feeding welfare by exposing their animals to green pastures. Majority of the respondents had constructed a separate (54%) and well directed (61%) houses for their animals. Height of the shelters was sufficient (67%) and had kacha floor (51%) in their animal sheds. Regarding the breeding welfare practices, majority of the respondents were practicing artificial insemination method and also got their animals examined after 90 days of insemination, which was a good breeding welfare practice. Majority of them had provided proper prophylactic measures to their animals from contagious diseases for their health welfare. They were milking their animals twice a day in the same place where they usually tied them. Majority of them were following good milking welfare practices by cleaning their hands, utensils and udder of the animal before milking.

Animal Welfare Practices followed by Dairy Farmers of Kathua District of Jammu and Kashmir State

The study was conducted in Jammu district of Jammu and Kashmir, with a view to find out the knowledge level of the Gujjars regarding improved animal husbandry practices. The data were collected from 120 Gujjar respondents belonging to R. S. Pura and Bishnah block of Jammu district with the help of structured interview schedule containing selected dependent and independent variable, through personal interview technique. Most of the respondents (70.8%) were having medium knowledge level, whereas 19.2% had low and 10% had high knowledge level. The respondents were having low knowledge about improved health care practices (41.25%) when compared with the knowledge level about improved breeding practices which was 71.75%. Age, occupation, herd size and land holding were negatively related to the knowledge level. Education, social participation, extension contact, economic motivation, mass media exposure, risk orientation and exposure to training were positively associated with knowledge level of the respondents.

Pranav Kumar

Papers

Pareto optimal solutions of a cost–time trade-off bulk transportation problem

Cadmium removal from aqueous solution by jackfruit seed bio-adsorbent

Ethno-veterinary practices used for the treatment of animal diseases in Doda district, Jammu & Kashmir

Animal Welfare Practices followed by Dairy Farmers of Kathua District of Jammu and Kashmir State

Knowledge level of Gujjars of Jammu and Kashmir regarding Improved Animal Husbandry Practices