다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Covid 2019 is spreading and emerging rapidly all over the world as a new social disaster. This virus is accountable for the continuous epidemic that causes severe respiratory problems and pneumonia related to contamination of humans, which leads to a dangerous condition of life. Due to the increasing threatening number of cases all over the world, the world health organization (WHO) declared coronavirus as a global health emergency. The pandemic disease affected nearly 80 million people positive cases were reported worldwide till now and cause the death of more than 1.7 million people. The virus has novel characteristics types of pathogens. Many clarifications are done and much more are still unknown and pending. The collaborative research will be useful during this pandemic time in order to meet the improvement of global health improvement. It will also help to know about the knowledge of this COVID-19. Recent advancements in nanotechnology proved that they can help in the production of vaccines in a brief timeframe. In this review, the requirement for quick immunization improvement and the capability and implementation of nanotechnology combat against coronavirus disease were discussed.

Influence of nanotechnology to combat against COVID-19 for global health emergency: A review

Recent advances in point-of-care diagnostics for oral cancer.

Non-invasive strategies that can identify oral malignant and dysplastic oral potentially-malignant lesions (OPML) are necessary in cancer screening and long-term surveillance. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be a rapid, real time and non-invasive imaging method for frequent patient surveillance. Here, we report the validation of a portable, robust OCT device in 232 patients (lesions: 347) in different clinical settings. The device deployed with algorithm-based automated diagnosis, showed efficacy in delineation of oral benign and normal (n = 151), OPML (n = 121), and malignant lesions (n = 75) in community and tertiary care settings. This study showed that OCT images analyzed by automated image processing algorithm could distinguish the dysplastic-OPML and malignant lesions with a sensitivity of 95% and 93%, respectively. Furthermore, we explored the ability of multiple (n = 14) artificial neural network (ANN) based feature extraction techniques for delineation high grade-OPML (moderate/severe dysplasia). The support vector machine (SVM) model built over ANN, delineated high-grade dysplasia with sensitivity of 83%, which in turn, can be employed to triage patients for tertiary care. The study provides evidence towards the utility of the robust and low-cost OCT instrument as a point-of-care device in resource-constrained settings and the potential clinical application of device in screening and surveillance of oral cancer.

Validation of a Point-of-Care Optical Coherence Tomography Device with Machine Learning Algorithm for Detection of Oral Potentially Malignant and Malignant Lesions.

The present work deals with the preparation and in vitro evaluation of liposomal formulations of abiraterone acetate. In the present work, abiraterone acetate-loaded liposomal formulation was formulated by thin lipid film method. The prepared liposomal formulation of abiraterone acetate was evaluated by drug content estimation, particle size measurement, in vitro drug release and release kinetics studies. Dried samples of liposomal suspension of abiraterone acetate were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The drug contents of liposomal formulations were within the ranges, 6.06 ± 0.43 to 10.55 ± 1.04 mg/ml. In vitro drug release from these liposomal formulations was found to be sustained over 4 h, which followed the zero order model (R2 = 0.8940 to 0.9884) over 4 h. After storage of 1 month at 4 °C temperature, the best liposomal formulation (prepared using 100 mg lecithin) was found stable enough. These liposomal formulations of abiraterone acetate can be formulated for parenteral application to treat advanced prostate cancer.

Design and release kinetics of liposomes containing abiraterone acetate for treatment of prostate cancer

Globally, oral cancer is the sixth most common type of cancer with India contributing to almost one-third of the total burden and the second country having the highest number of oral cancer cases. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) dominates all the oral cancer cases with potentially malignant disorders, which is also recognized as a detectable pre-clinical phase of oral cancer. Tobacco consumption including smokeless tobacco, betel-quid chewing, excessive alcohol consumption, unhygienic oral condition, and sustained viral infections that include the human papillomavirus are some of the risk aspects for the incidence of oral cancer. Lack of knowledge, variations in exposure to the environment, and behavioral risk factors indicate a wide variation in the global incidence and increases the mortality rate. This review describes various risk factors related to the occurrence of oral cancer, the statistics of the distribution of oral cancer in India by various virtues, and the socio-economic positions. The various conventional diagnostic techniques used routinely for detection of the oral cancer are discussed along with advanced techniques. This review also focusses on the novel techniques developed by Indian researchers that have huge potential for application in oral cancer diagnosis.

Oral cancer diagnosis and perspectives in India.

Point-of-care (POC) technology reduces the time required for diagnosis at a reduced cost to facilitate early treatment, continuous monitoring, and prevention of fatal outcomes. Biosensors are the key to the development of reliable and accurate POC devices as they are capable of detecting clinical biomarkers based on bio-recognition events. Paper-based microfluidics and lateral flow assays (LFAs) are the most commonly used techniques for the development of POC devices. Electrochemical biosensors provide high sensitivity and reproducibility in comparison to optical biosensors. Sensitivity enhancement of POC devices is imperative to lower their detection limit for improved analysis of target biomarkers at low concentrations. In this review, we have discussed the need for sensitivity enhancement in POC devices. Various sensitivity enhancement strategies such as physical, chemical, electrochemical, nanomaterial, nucleic acid, enzymatic, label-based, etc. are discussed along with numerous examples. The role of biosensors in the sensitivity enhancement of POC devices is also described herein. We have illustrated the relationship between sensitivity and the limit of detection of POC devices. Several sensitivity enhancement strategies that have been either adopted or have the potential to be realized for POC devices have been summarized in tabular form. In terms of future perspectives, the sensitivity enhancement of POC devices for the detection of important biomarkers is yet to be comprehended copiously amid the rising market for POC devices. • Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are ultrasensitive, rapid, and user-friendly techniques for applications in the healthcare. • Advances in nanomaterials and electrochemical detection techniques have improved the sensitivity of POC devices. • Enhanced sensitivity and a lower limit of detection are imperative for POC devices to improvise their performance. • Various sensitivity enhancement approaches for POC technologies are described herein with numerous recent examples. 

Pronamika Buragohain

Papers

Oral cancer diagnosis and perspectives in India.

Strategies for sensitivity enhancement of point-of-care devices

Renewable energy integration with electric vehicle technology: A review of the existing smart charging approaches