다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Dedication Preface Foreword PART I: FRAME OF REFERENCE We begin with the idea of giving students the tools that increase their capacity for learning. The primary role of education is to increase student capacity for personal growth, social growth, and academic learning. Models of Teaching is an avenue to liberate student learning capacity and, by doing so, to help teachers take charge of their lives as teachers. CHAPTER 1: BEGINNING THE INQUIRY Creating Communities of Expert Learners On the whole, students are in schools and classes within those schools. Both need to be developed into learning communities and provided with the models of learning that enable them to become expert learners. We study how to build those learning communities. CHAPTER 2: WHERE MODELS OF TEACHING COME FROM Multiple Ways of Constructing Knowledge The history of teacher researchers comes to us in the form of models of teaching that enable us to construct vital environments for our students. Models have come from the ages and from teacher-researchers who have invented new ways of teaching. Some of these are submitted to research and development and how teachers can learn to use them. Those are the models that are included in this book. CHAPTER 3: STUDYING THE SLOWLY-GROWING KNOWLEDGE BASE IN EDUCATION A Basic Guide Through the Rhetorical Thickets We draw on descriptive studies, experimental studies, and experience to give us a fine beginning to what will eventually become a research-based profession. Here we examine what we have learned about how to design good instruction and effective curriculums. And, we learn how to avoid some destructive practices. CHAPTER 4: MODELS OF TEACHING AND TEACHING STYLES Three Sides of Teaching--Styles, Models, and Diversity We are people and our personalities greatly affect the environments that our students experience. And, as we use various models of teaching our selves -- our natural styles -- color how those models work in the thousands of classrooms in our society. Moreover, those models and our styles affect the achievement of the diverse students in our classes and schools. PART II: THE INFORMATION-PROCESSING FAMILYOF MODELS How can we and our students best acquire information, organize it, and explain it? For thousands of years philosophers, educators, psychologists, and artists have developed ways to gather and process information. Here are several live ones. CHAPTER 5: LEARNING TO THINK INDUCTIVELY Forming Concepts by Collecting and Organizing Information Human beings are born to build concepts. The vast intake of information is sifted and organized and the conceptual structures that guide our lives are developed. The inductive model builds on and enhances the inborn capacity of our students. CHAPTER 6: ATTAINING CONCEPTS Sharpening Basic Thinking Skills Students can develop concepts. They also can learn concepts developed by others. Concept attainment teaches students how to learn and use concepts and develop and test hypotheses. CHAPTER 7: THE PICTURE-WORD INDUCTIVE MODEL Developing Literacy across the Curriculum Built on the language experience approach, the picture-word inductive model enables beginning readers to develop sight vocabularies, learn to inquire into the structure of words and sentences, write sentences and paragraphs, and, thus, to be powerful language learners. In Chapter 19 the outstanding results from primary curriculums and curriculums for older struggling readers are displayed. CHAPTER 8: SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY AND INQUIRY TRAINING The Art of Making Inferences From the time of Aristotle, we have had educators who taught science-in-the-making rather than teaching a few facts and hoping for the best. We introduce you to a model of teaching that is science on the hoof, so to speak. This model has had effects, among other things, on improving the capacity of students to learn. We concentrate on the Biological Sciences Study Group, where for 40 years science teachers have shared information and generated new ideas. And, Inquiry training is a "best yet" model for teaching basic inquiry skills. CHAPTER 9: MEMORIZATION Getting the Facts Straight Memorization has had something of a bad name, mostly because of deadly drills. Contemporary research and innovative teachers have created methods that not only improve our efficiency in memorization, but also make the process delightful. CHAPTER 10: SYNECTICS The Arts of Enhancing Creative Thought Creative thought has often been thought of as the province of a special few, and something that the rest of us cannot aspire to. Not so. Synectics brings to all students the development of metaphoric thinking -- the foundation of creative thought. The model continues to improve. CHAPTER 11: LEARNING FROM PRESENTATIONS Advance Organizers Learning from presentations has almost as bad a name as learning by memorization. Ausubel developed a system for creating lectures and other presentations that will increase learner activity and, subsequently, learning. PART III: THE SOCIAL FAMILY OF MODELS Working together might just enhance all of us. The social family expands what we can do together and generates the creation of democracy in our society in venues large and small. In addition, the creation of learning communities can enhance the learning of all students dramatically. CHAPTER 12: PARTNERS IN LEARNING From Dyads to Group Investigation Can two students who are paired in learning increase their learning? Can students organized into a democratic learning community apply scientific methods to their learning? You bet they can. Group Investigation can be used to redesign schools, increase personal, social, and academic learning among all students, and -- is very satisfying to teach. CHAPTER 13: THE STUDY OF VALUES Role Playing and Public Policy Education Values provide the center of our behavior, helping us get direction and understand other directions. Policy issues involve the understanding of values and the costs and benefits of selecting some solutions rather than others. In these models, values are central. Think for a moment about the issues that face our society right now -- research on cells, international peace, including our roles in Iraq and the rest of the Middle East, the battle against AIDS, poverty, and who controls the decisions about pregnancy and abortion. Not to mention just getting along together. PART IV: THE PERSONAL FAMILY OF MODELS The learner always does the learning. His or her personality is what interacts with the learning environment. How do we give the learner centrality when we are trying to get that same person to grow and respond to tasks we believe will enhance growth? CHAPTER 14: NONDIRECTIVE TEACHING The Learner at the Center How do we think about ourselves as learners? As people? How can we organize schooling so that the personalities and emotions of students are taken into account? Let us inquire into the person who is the center of the education process. CHAPTER 15: DEVELOPING POSITIVE SELF-CONCEPTS The Inner Person of Boys and Girls, Men and Women If you feel great about yourself, you are likely to become a better learner. But you begin where you are. Enhancing self concept is a likely avenue. The wonderful work by the SIMs group in Kansas (see Chapter 3) has demonstrated how much can be accomplished. PART V: THE BEHAVIORAL SYSTEMS FAMILY OF MODELS We are what we do. So how do we learn to practice more productive behaviors? Let's explore some of the possibilities. CHAPTER 16: LEARNING TO LEARN FROM MASTERY LEARNING Bit by bit, block by block, we climb our way up a ladder to mastery. CHAPTER 17: DIRECT INSTRUCTION Why beat around the bush when you can just deal with things directly? Let's go for it! However, finesse is required, and that is what this chapter is all about. CHAPTER 18: LEARNING FROM SIMULATIONS Training and Self-Training How much can we learn from quasi-realities? The answer is, a good deal. Simulations enable us to learn from virtual realities where we can experience environments and problems beyond our present environment. Presently, they range all the way to space travel, thanks to NASA and affiliated developers. PART VI: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, DIVERSITY, AND CURRICULUM The rich countryside of humanity makes up the population of our schools. The evidence suggests that diversity enhances the energy of schools and classrooms. However, some forms of teaching make it difficult for individual differences to flourish. We emphasize the curriculums and models of teaching that enable individual differences to thrive. CHAPTER 19: LEARNING STYLES AND MODELS OF TEACHING Making Discomfort Productive By definition, learning requires knowing, thinking, or doing things we couldn't do before the learning took place. Curriculums and teaching need to be shaped to take us where we haven't been. The trick is to develop an optimal mismatch in which we are pushed but the distance is manageable. CHAPTER 20: EQUITY Gender, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Background The task here is to enable differences to become an advantage. The best curriculums and models of teaching do just that. In other words, if differences are disadvantages, it is because of how we teach. CHAPTER 21: CREATING AND TESTING CURRICULUMS The Conditions of Learning Robert Gagne's framework for building curriculums is discussed and illustrated. This content is not simple, but it is powerful. CHAPTER 22: TWO WORDS ON THE FUTURE The Promise of Distance Learning and Using Models of Teaching to Ensure that No Child is Left Behind. Afterword APPENDIX PEER COACHING GUIDES Related Literature and References Index

教学模式 = Models of Teaching

Traditional engineering instruction is deductive, beginning with theories and progressing to the applications of those theories Alternative teaching approaches are more inductive Topics are introduced by presenting specific observations, case studies or problems, and theories are taught or the students are helped to discover them only after the need to know them has been established This study reviews several of the most commonly used inductive teaching methods, including inquiry learning, problem-based learning, project-based learning, case-based teaching, discovery learning, and just-in-time teaching The paper defines each method, highlights commonalities and specific differences, and reviews research on the effectiveness of the methods While the strength of the evidence varies from one method to another, inductive methods are consistently found to be at least equal to, and in general more effective than, traditional deductive methods for achieving a broad range of learning outcomes

Inductive Teaching and Learning Methods: Definitions, Comparisons, and Research Bases

Background Since the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), distance education has been extensively implemented in all educational institutes and remote electronic exams (E-exams) have been adopted as a primary mode of assessment. Objectives This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the experience of students at faculties of Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing and Applied Medical Sciences at Jordan University of Science and Technology regarding remote E-exams preferences and academic dishonesty during the pandemic. Materials and methods The survey composed of 16 questions, prepared using Google forms and distributed through students' E-learning platforms. The survey explored factors affecting students' preference for remote E-exams, methods for course assessment/evaluation, factors related to students’ exam dishonesty/misconduct during remote E-exams and measures that can be considered to reduce this behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive, cross tabulation and Chi-square tests. Results Among 730 students, approximately only one third preferred remote E-exams. This was significantly (P  Conclusion Results suggested less preference of remote E-exams among students at medical faculties. Findings from this study are highly valuable to plan for academic strategies to overcome difficulties and challenges of remote E-exams. These might include improvement for the distance teaching methodologies, rearrangement of assessment options, modification of the academic curriculum to fit the current situation, and adopting certain measures to prevent exam dishonesty and maintain academic integrity.

Remote E-exams during Covid-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study of students’ preferences and academic dishonesty in faculties of medical sciences

This study was intended to display the role of eco-school program (Adiwiyata) towards environtmental literacy (EL) of high school students by analyzing, (a) EL of students in Adiwiyata and non-Adiwiyata high schools, and (b) EL of students in Grade X and XI, Adiwiya and non-Adiwiyata high schools in Malang-East Java, Indonesia. The survey involved 275 students. The respondents were from four state high school i.e. SMAN 1, SMAN 3, SMAN 4, and SMAN 7. Data were taken via MSELS questionnaire that was modified and filled online. Aspects of EL include ecological knowledge, environmental affect, cognitive skills, and behavior. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the level of students’ EL was significantly influenced by school type and grade. However, the interaction both of them had no significant effect on their EL. Univariate results on school type factor informed that significant differences occured in all aspects of EL, where the lower identified level of students in Adiwiyata schools compared to NonAdiwiyata was only in the environmental affect. On the other hand, the significant influence of grade level only occurred in cognitive skills aspect. Broadly speaking, all data analyzes concluded that the application of the Adiwiyata program was able to bring a positive impact on the level of students’ EL. There was also a tendency that the higher the student's grade, the better their EL level.

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The Role of Eco-School Program (Adiwiyata) towards Environmental Literacy of High School Students

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prosedur pengembangan modul berorientasi POE berwawasan lingkungan pada materi pencemaran, kelayakan modul, efektivitas modul, dan perbedaan hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan modul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (RD lembar observasi untuk hasil belajar psikomotorik, afektif, dan keterlaksanaan sintaks; wawancara untuk analisis kebutuhan, tanggapan siswa terhadap modul saat uji coba terbatas, dan lapangan; dan tes untuk hasil belajar kognitif. Uji coba lapangan menggunakan one group pretest-posttes design . Data hasil belajar kognitif dihitung dengan gain ternormalisasi dan diuji dengan uji t dua sampel berpasangan, sedangkan hasil belajar psikomotorik dan afektif dihitung persentase ketercapaiannya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: pengembangan modul berorientasi POE berwawasan lingkungan pada materi pencemaran menggunakan model Borg & Gall yang telah dimodifikasi melalui tahapan research and information collection, planning, developpreliminary form of products, preliminary field testing, main product revision, main field testing, dan operational product revision ; kelayakan modul bernilai 3,3 setelah dilakukan uji lapangan dan berkategori “Baik”; pencapaian hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kategori “Sedang”; dan setelah dilakukan uji secara statistik diperoleh perbedaan hasil belajar siswa Kata Kunci: Modul, POE , Lingkungan, Hasil Belajar

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Pengembangan modul berorientasi poe (predict, observe, explain) berwawasan lingkungan padamateri pencemaran untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa

Environmental literacy refers to the knowledge of the mechanism of how the nature works and the roles of human to preserve the nature sustainably. The dynamic relation between human and environment can be seen from the life interaction along with all the components. One characteristic of society that has environmental literacy is highly concerned with environmental. This research aims to analyze students’ environmental literacy in Adiwiyata Green School in Surakarta. Environmental literacy covers some components including environmental knowledge, attitude, and environmental concern.This research was developed through descriptive qualitative design to obtain data by employing classroom observation and questionnaire based on environmental literacy to the students in Adiwiyata Green School in Surakarta. The research finding shows that (1) students’ environmental literacy in Adiwiyata Green School in Surakarta is categorized as low level. Data obtained from the instrument are 77,38% for environmental knowledge, 59,50% for attitude, 70,12% for environmental concern. The average percentage for all components is 68,97%. Based on the finding, it can be concluded that the environmental literacy is still low. It can be seen from (1) knowledge and concern aspects are higher than attitude aspect, (2) attitude aspect contains two components which are anti anthropocentrism and anti-exemptionalism , so that it is necessarily to increase students’ concern toward the environment.

http://edulearn.intelektual.org/index.php/EduLearn/article/download/6433/pdf_181

Student's Environmental Literacy Profile Of Adiwiyata Green School In Surakarta, Indonesia

Evaluasi merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur tujuan pembelajaran yang salah satunya adalah penguasaan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Penguasaan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi pada materi kingdom plantae membutuhkan kemampuan seperti menganalisis, mengevaluasi, dan menciptakan. Pengukuran kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi pada materi kingdom plantae dapat dilakukan dengan instrumen evaluasi two-tier multiple choice question . Penelitian pengembangan instrumen evaluasi bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) karakteristik instrumen evaluasi two-tier multiple choice question yang mampu mengukur keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi, (2) kelayakan instrumen evaluasi two-tier multiple choice question sebagai evaluasi formatif, (3) respon siswa terhadap instrumen evaluasi two-tier multiple choice question yang diterapkan di SMA. Penelitian pengembangan instrumen evaluasi menggunakan model Research and Development (RD memiliki validitas dengan interpretasi minimal “cukup”; dan reabilitas “tinggi” (2) kelayakan produk instrumen evaluasi dijamin melalui validitas isi yang “baik”; validitas konstruk yang “baik”; validitas butir soal dengan interpretasi minimal “cukup”, tingkat kesukaran soal dengan proporsi 15% mudah: 80% sedang: 5% sulit; daya pembeda soal dengan interpretasi minimal “cukup”, dan kepraktisan penggunaan yang “baik” (3) respon siswa terhadap penerapan instrumen evaluasi didapatkan melalui uji korelasi antara instrumen bentuk two-tier multiple choice question dengan bentuk multiple choice question . Terdapat korelasi antara kedua bentuk instrumen tersebut dengan nilai sebesar 0,15. Artinya siswa memberikan respon yang sama dalam mengerjakan kedua bentuk soal tersebut. Instrumen evaluasi two-tier multiple choice question dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif instrumen evaluasi formatif di skeolah dengan penerapan lebih lanjut.

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Pengembangan Instrumen Evaluasi Two-tier Multiple Choice Question Untuk Mengukur Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Pada Materi Kingdom Plantae

This research aims to increase the scientific literacy and decrease the student’s misconception in class X MIA 6 of SMAN 1 Karanganom by applying e-module based on the concept of Problem Based Learning (PBL). The type of the research is a classroom action research which consist of two cycles. Each cycles applied: planning the learning activity, then implementing those plan, next was observing the students’ activity and finally complimenting the whole activities during a cycle. The research subject is the students of class X MIA 6 at SMAN 1 Karanganom. There are 11 boys and 23 girls. The data validation used triangulation method. The data of the research were obtained by formulating the test, the observation and the interview. The obtained data  were analyzed using the descriptive technique. The results of the research showed the implementation of e-module based on the concept of PBL decrease the students’ misconception on the ecology subject with the explanation: the population concept decreased 21%, the comunity concept run into reduction 22%, the ecosystem concept  went down 21% and the ecology concept in ‘Science, environment, technology, and society’ context reduced 26%. The analysed result also indicated that the scientific literacy has increased 20.6%. The result of the research evidenced that implementation of e -module based on the concept of PBL could increase the scientific literation and decrease the students’ misconception on the ecology subject. Keywords :     E-module with based Problem Based Learning , misconception, scientific literacy

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Penerapan E-Module Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains dan Mengurangi Miskonsepsi pada Materi Ekologi Siswa Kelas X MIA 6 SMAN 1 Karanganom Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015

– The purpose of this research is to ascertain the influence of pollution in Pepe Surakarta river research module implementation as biology learning resource in environmental pollution subject material toward learning achievement. The research is belonged to quasi experiment with posttest only control design. The independent variable in this research is a module as biology learning resource and dependent variable is learning achievement. The populations of this research were all of 7 th degree students at SMP Al Irsyad Surakarta in academic years of 2011/2012.  The samples of this research were the students of 7 th A as experiment group and 7 th C as control group. The sample of this research was established by cluster random sampling. The data was collected using questionnaire, essay test, observation form, and document. The hypotheses analyzed by t-test. The result of  t-test had been conducted the significant value (α) < 0,05 in all domains of learning out comes, So it can be concluded that implementation of research module as biology learning resource had significant effect toward learning achievement of 7th degree students at SMP Al Irsyad Surakarta in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Keywords : Research Module, Learning Achievement, Cognitive, Affective, Psychomotor.

/pdf/pengaruh-penggunaan-modul-hasil-penelitian-pencemaran-di-1tc26crqf5.pdf

Pengaruh Penggunaan Modul Hasil Penelitian Pencemaran Di Sungai Pepe Surakarta Sebagai Sumber Belajar Biologi Pokok Bahasan Pencemaran Lingkungan Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa

Puguh Karyanto

Papers

Pengembangan modul berorientasi poe (predict, observe, explain) berwawasan lingkungan padamateri pencemaran untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa

Student's Environmental Literacy Profile Of Adiwiyata Green School In Surakarta, Indonesia

Pengembangan Instrumen Evaluasi Two-tier Multiple Choice Question Untuk Mengukur Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Pada Materi Kingdom Plantae

Penerapan E-Module Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains dan Mengurangi Miskonsepsi pada Materi Ekologi Siswa Kelas X MIA 6 SMAN 1 Karanganom Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015

Pengaruh Penggunaan Modul Hasil Penelitian Pencemaran Di Sungai Pepe Surakarta Sebagai Sumber Belajar Biologi Pokok Bahasan Pencemaran Lingkungan Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa