Highway Capacity Manual改訂の動向--テイラ-教授の講演より

With automated vehicles (AVs), reversible lanes could be a sustainable transportation solution once there is vehicle-to-infrastructure connectivity informingAVs about the lane configuration changes. This paper introduced the reversible lane network design problem (RL-NDP), formulated in mixed-integer non-linear mathematical programming-both the traffic assignment and the reversible lane decisions were embedded. The model was applied on an hourly basis in the case study of the city of Delft, the Netherlands. Reversible lanes are examined under no traffic equilibrium (former paths are maintained); user-equilibrium (UE) assignment (AVs decide their own paths); and system-optimum (SO) traffic assignment (AVs are forced to follow SO paths). We found out that reversible lanes reduce congested roads, total travel times, and delays up to 36%, 9%, and 22%, respectively. The SO scenario was revealed to be beneficial in reducing the total travel time and congested roads in peak hours, whereas UE is equally optimal in the remaining hours. A dual-scenario mixing SO and UE throughout the day reduced congested roads, total travel times, and delay up to 40%, 8%, and 19%, respectively, yet increased 1% in travel distance. The spatial analysis suggested a substantial lane variability in the suburbs, yet a strong presence of reversible lanes in the city center.

The reversible lane network design problem (RL-NDP) for smart cities with automated traffic

This study proposes the design, implementation, and application of a new car-following data collecting method based on binocular stereo vision system. The car-following data consist of car-following distance, velocity, relative velocity and driving trajectory of a following vehicle. Specifically, triangulation principle is used to measure car-following distance. Robust locally weighted regression smoothing method is applied to automatically filter out the outliers caused by disturbance in real-world driving condition. Real-world experiments indicate that binocular cameras with 25mm focal length have advantages in traffic conditions with long car-following distance and high driving speed, and that binocular cameras with12mm focal length are suitable to measure on urban roads, where car-following distance is short and more driving conditions are needed to be observed. In 0-60m distance measuring range, it is verified that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of binocular cameras with 25mm focal length is 3.2% and the MAPE of binocular cameras with 12mm focal length is 6.3%. The data collecting system helps to advance car following models due to its high accuracy and effective cost.

/pdf/a-car-following-data-collecting-method-based-on-binocular-31eql3xnj7.pdf

A Car-Following Data Collecting Method Based on Binocular Stereo Vision

Most of the urban cities in emerging countries consist of a large proportion of undivided roads which carry mixed traffic with non-lane discipline. Vehicular maneuvers on such roads are complex and...

Microsimulation approach for evaluation of reversible lane operation on urban undivided roads in mixed traffic

Effect of reversible lanes on the concentration field of road-traffic-generated fine particulate matter (PM2.5)

In India, the majority of urban roads are undivided where the behavior of flows in a particular direction is predominantly influenced by the opposing traffic. Due to lack of lane segregation, the vehicles in ongoing direction occupy the opposing lane, which increases the lateral interactions between vehicles. These lateral interactions are influenced by various parameters such as vehicle types, driver behavior and vehicular speeds. Study of such complex interactions plays an important role in evaluating various management measures using microscopic simulation models. The lateral characteristics of vehicles, such as placement, separation and movement, act as necessary input for simulation models. The present study aims to analyze and model the lateral characteristics of vehicles on two-lane urban undivided roads. To achieve this, traffic flow data were collected from an urban undivided mid-block section in Bangalore City, India, using video graphic technique. Multiple linear regression model was developed for predicting the lateral placement of subject vehicle and it was found that lateral placement of subject vehicle is influenced by types and speeds of subject and opposing vehicles. Lateral separation for different types of ongoing (subject) and opposing pairs was also analyzed. The results show that both the ongoing and opposing vehicles have less freedom to move laterally when their sizes increase and hence, lateral separation decreases. The choice of path of vehicles' lateral shifts (left, current and right) on urban undivided roads was modeled using multinomial logistic regression. Lateral shift of a vehicle is influenced by speeds of subject vehicle and leader vehicle in current path, speed of leader vehicle in target path, and lateral gap between leader vehicles in current path and target path.

Modeling lateral placement and movement of vehicles on urban undivided roads in mixed traffic: a case study of India

Most of the Indian urban roads are bi-directional in nature consists of mix up of different vehicle types with weak lane discipline. A mathematical or analytical treatment of such condition is found infeasible due to its complex nature. Hence, simulation has become inevitable tool for analysis and interpretation of such real world situations. There are only few studies which focuses exclusively on developing a bidirectional traffic simulation model considering the longitudinal and lateral behaviour of vehicles for urban undivided roads. With the above motivation, the present study focuses on development of simulation models for bi-directional mixed traffic flow using object oriented programming (OOP) concepts. The proposed model would be of significant assistance to traffic engineers while making key decisions in traffic control and management policies.

Punith B. Kotagi

Papers

Microsimulation approach for evaluation of reversible lane operation on urban undivided roads in mixed traffic

Modeling lateral placement and movement of vehicles on urban undivided roads in mixed traffic: a case study of India

Simulation framework for modeling bidirectional mixed traffic