Laser welding of metals involves with formation of a melt-pool and subsequent rapid solidification, resulting in alteration of properties and the microstructure of the welded metal. Understanding and predicting relationships between laser welding process parameters, such as laser speed and welding power, and melt-pool characteristics have been the subjects of many studies in literature because this knowledge is critical to controlling and improving laser welding. Recent advances in metal additive manufacturing processes have renewed interest in the melt-pool studies because in many of these processes, part fabrication involves small moving melt-pools. The present work is a critical review of the literature on experimental and modeling studies on laser welding, with the focus being on the influence of process parameters on geometry, thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, microstructure, and porosity characteristics of the melt-pool. These data may inform future experimental laser welding studies and may be used for verification and validation of results obtained in future melt-pool modeling studies.

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A Review on Melt-Pool Characteristics in Laser Welding of Metals

Application of sensing techniques and artificial intelligence-based methods to laser welding real-time monitoring: A critical review of recent literature

This paper aims to investigate the crushing behaviors of tailor-welded blank (TWB) thin-walled structures. A series of TWB high-strength steel (HSS) square tubes with different weld line locations is used to perform the crushing tests for evaluating the effects of different TWB parameters, such as weld line locations and material combinations, on crushing characteristics. These TWB specimens are fabricated through the laser welding process to ensure sufficiently narrow weld line. In the study, the center edge of TWB square specimens is not welded so that such special TWB structures have open cross section. The crushing test results exhibit excellent repeatability. The collapse modes and force–displacement relationships are compared with each other. It is found that the crushing behaviors of different material combinations are fairly significant for a given weld line location. Such key crushing characteristics as specific energy absorption (SEA), average crush force (Favg), peak force (Fmax) are also evaluated for understanding crashworthiness of these TWB structures. The experimental results provide us with some insightful guidance to crashworthiness design of TWB thin-walled HSS structures.

Qiang Wu

Papers

Research on laser welding of high-strength galvanized automobile steel sheets