Note: This article was originally published with an incorrect version of the Acknowledgments, which appeared on p. 218 of the print version. The correct version of the Acknowledgments appeared on pp. 1–2. The corrected article is available below.

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Human Health Risk Assessment for Aluminium, Aluminium Oxide, and Aluminium Hydroxide

The review of over 800 references on aluminum (Al) published since the mid-fifties covers the occurrence of Al in soil, air, water, plants and food products, as well as air and water pollution prob...

Aluminum in the environment and human health.

The switching behaviors of ionic/electronic mixed conductor-based solid electrolyte nonvolatile memories have been attributed to repetitive formation and breakage of the conductive pathways inside a solid electrolyte. However, direct evidence of such pathway existences and their formations has never been provided. Herein, we reproduced the switching behavior of a Ag/Ag2S/W sandwich structure inside a high-resolution transmission electron microscope equipped with a scanning tunneling microscope unit. The on/off current ratio of 5 orders of magnitude was documented. The in situ formation and breakage of a nanoscale conductive channel were ultimately verified in real time and under atomic resolution. We found that a conducting Ag2S argentite phase and a Ag nanocrystal together formed the ionic and electronic conductive channel. The preferential atomic sites for Ag nanocrystal growth within the argentite phase were finally clarified.

Real-time in situ HRTEM-resolved resistance switching of Ag2S nanoscale ionic conductor.

Phase relations within the Ag-Bi-S, Bi-Pb-S, and Ag-Pb-S systems have been determined in evacuated silica tube experiments. Integration of experimental data from these systems has permitted examination and extrapolation of phase relations within the Ag-Bi-Pb-S quaternary system. — In the Ag-Bi-S system liquid immiscibility fields exist in the metal-rich portion above 597±3°C and in the sulfur-rich portion above 563±3°C. Ternary phases present correspond to matildite (AgBiS2) and pavonite (AgBi3S5). Throughout the temperature range 802±2°C to 343±2°C the assemblage argentite (Ag2S) + bismuth-rich liquid is stable; below 343°C this assemblage is replaced by the assemblage silver + matildite. — Five ternary phases are stable on the PbS-Bi2S3 join above 400°C — phase II (18 mol-% Bi2S3), phase III (27 mol-% Bi2S3), “cosalite” (33.3 mol-% Bi2S3), phase IV (51 mol-% Bi2S3), and phase V (65 mol-% Bi2S3). Phase IV corresponds to the mineral galenobismutite and is stable below 750±3°C. Phases II, III, and V do not occur as minerals, but typical lamellar and myrmekitic textures commonly observed among the Pb-Bi sulfosalts and galena evidence their previous existence in ores. Phase II and III are stable from 829±6°C and 816±6°C, respectively, to below 200°C; Phase V, stable only between 730±5°C and 680±5°C in the pure Bi-Pb-S system is stabilized to 625±5°C by the presence of 2% Ag2S. Experiments conducted with natural cosalites suggest that this phase is stable only below 425±25°C in the presence of vapor. — In the Ag-Pb-S system the silver-galena assemblage is stable below 784±2°C, whereas the argentite + galena mineral pair is stable below 605±5°C. — Solid solution between matildite and galena is complete above 215±15°C; below this temperature characteristic Widmanstatten structure-like textures are formed through exsolution. Schematic phase relations within the quaternary system are presented at 1050°C, at 400°C, and at low temperature.

Phase relations and mineral assemblages in the Ag-Bi-Pb-S system

Introduction Commercial monazite Purpose of present study History of dark monazite investigations Acknowledgments Geology -Domestic discoveries of dark monazite Alaska Montana -----Foreign localities France -U.S.S.R. Malagasy Republic Zaire ----Taiwan -Pakistan Bangladesh Other localities Mineralogy Physical properties Color --Form ----

Mineralogy and occurrence of europium-rich dark monazite

Argentite and Acanthite

The double variation method of refractive index determination

The dispersion of immersion liquids is generally much greater than that of most minerals of the same refractive index. Colors appear in the Becke line when the liquid and mineral dispersion curves intersect. The colors produced oder a guide to the wave length for which the liquid and mineral have the same refractive index. Frcm the Becke line colors the refractive index of the mineral for the D (589 mμ) line can be estimated with accuracy better than ±.002.

R. C. Emmons

Papers

Argentite and Acanthite

The double variation method of refractive index determination

The Use of Becke line colors in refractive index determination

Prevention of Silicosis by Metallic Aluminum.

The double dispersion method of mineral determination (Preliminary paper) (Preliminary Paper)