The increase in population, has led to tremendous degradation in the state of affairs of hygiene with respect to waste management system. The spillover of waste in civic areas generates the polluted condition in the neighboring areas. It may aggravate numerous severe diseases for the nearby people. This will humiliate the appraisal of the affected area. For eliminating or mitigating the garbage's and maintains the cleanness, it requires 'smartness based waste management system. This paper is proposed IOT based smart waste clean management system which checks the waste level over the dustbins by using Sensor systems. Once it detected immediately this system altered to concern authorized through GSM/GPRS. For this system used Microcontroller as an interface between the sensor system and GSM/GPRS system. To monitor and integrate an android application is developed for the desired information which is related to the various level of waste in different locations. This is ensued the greenish in the environment and support for swachh bharat for cleanness.

Smart garbage monitoring and clearance system using internet of things

Household Waste Management System Using IoT and Machine Learning

Waste management is one of the primary problem that the world faces irrespective of the case of developed or developing country. The key issue in the waste management is that the garbage bin at public places gets overflowed well in advance before the commencement of the next cleaning process. It in turn leads to various hazards such as bad odor and ugliness to that place which may be the root cause for spread of various diseases. The increase in population, has led to tremendous degradation in the state of affairs of hygiene with respect to waste management system. The spillover of waste in civic areas generates the polluted condition in the neighboring areas. For eliminating or mitigating the garbage’s and maintains the cleanness, it requires smartness based waste management system. The need of proper waste management does not end with just collection and proper dispose of garbage. It continues to the level of landfills and the amount that we can possibly recycle. Recycling is estimated to be highly useful given that our dependency on raw products reduces, besides the reduction of waste and subsequent landfills. Once the recycling is done to sort metals, plastics, and glass articles, the use of biodegradable waste can be extended beyond fertilizers and manure. The metals can be reused and the plastics can be diverted from the landfills, which otherwise leads to choking of the earth. The glass materials can be broken and melted back to form new articles after deep cleaning. This chapter aims to understand the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence in the most potential areas and the ultimate need to completely replace the human interaction.

The Use of Modern Technology in Smart Waste Management and Recycling: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Proper waste management is one of the major problems for densely populated urban areas. It is getting difficult day by day to lead a healthy, sustainable living in urban areas because of environmental contamination. Due to the lack of proper waste management approach, problems like an overflow of waste occurs that badly harm our environment. Polluted surroundings result in the spread of various kinds of diseases in an epidemic form. For developed and developing countries, waste management is a challenge to long-term development. Proper management of waste is getting tougher because of increasing population, urbanization, and industrialization. In this modern era of technology, we need to apply technology-based solutions to handle large amounts of waste for overpopulated urban areas. We have reviewed several recent research articles related to the smart waste management system, and almost all of them have some major limitations as well as progress. To ensure environmental hygiene and sustainable urban life, we have presented a smart IoT based integrated system consists of an identification system, an automated lid system, a display system, and a communication system. Arduino Uno is used as a microcontroller to synchronize all of the four systems. Sensors are used for identification and measuring the garbage level. The system provides the facility of continuous monitoring of the status of waste inside the garbage bin and shows the percentage filled up on liquid crystal display (LCD). The communication system uses a global system for mobile communications (GSM) module that will inform the corresponding authority to collect the waste when the garbage bin is filled up. The proposed waste management system is much more efficient than any other conventional waste management system as it reduces the use of manpower, avoids spillover of waste, saves time, more economical, and most importantly it is a completely automated system.

Smart garbage management system for a sustainable urban life: An IoT based application

Collaborative modelling of the Internet of Things (IoT) with Artificial Intelligence (AI) has merged into the Intelligence of Things concept. This recent trend enables sensors to track required parameters and store accumulated data in cloud storage, which can be further utilized by AI based predictive models for automatic decision making. In a smart and sustainable environment, effective waste management is a concern. Poor regulation of waste in surrounding areas leads to rapid spread of contagious disease risks. Traditional waste object management requires more working staff, increases effort, consumes time and is relatively ineffective. In this research, an Intelligence of Things Enabled Smart Waste Management (IoT-SWM) model with predictive capabilities is developed. Here, local sinks (LS) are deployed in specified locations. At every instant, the current status of smart bins in each LS is notified to users to determine the priority level of LS to be emptied. Based on aggregated sensor values for the three smart bins, LS weight and poison gas value, the priority order of emptying LS is computed, and decision is made whether to notify the users with an alert message or not. It also helps in predicting the LS, which is likely to be filled up at a faster rate based on assigned timestamp. This model is implemented in real time with many LS and it was observed that bins, which were close to more crowded sites filled up faster compared to sparse populated areas. Random forest algorithm was used to predict whether an alert notification is to be sent or not. An average mean of 95.8% accuracy was noted while using 60 decision trees in random forest algorithm. The average mean execution latency recorded for training and testing sets is 13.06 sec and 14.39 sec respectively. Observed accuracy rate, precision, recall and f1-score parameters were 95.8%, 96.5%, 98.5% and 97.2% respectively. Model buildup and the validation time computed were 3.26 sec and 4.25 sec respectively. It is also noted that at a threshold value of 0.93 in LS level, the maximum accuracy rate reached was 95.8%. Thus, based on the prediction of random forest approach, a decision to notify the users is taken. Obtained outcome indicates that the waste level can be efficiently determined, and the overflow of dustbins can be easily checked in time

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Prioritized and predictive intelligence of things enabled waste management model in smart and sustainable environment

Waste management is one of the primary problem that the world faces irrespective of the case of developed or developing country. The key issue in the waste management is that the garbage bin at public places gets overflowed well in advance before the commencement of the next cleaning process. It in turn leads to various hazards such as bad odor & ugliness to that place which may be the root cause for spread of various diseases. To avoid all such hazardous scenario and maintain public cleanliness and health this work is mounted on a smart garbage system. The main theme of the work is to develop a smart intelligent garbage alert system for a proper garbage management. This paper proposes a smart alert system for garbage clearance by giving an alert signal to the municipal web server for instant cleaning of dustbin with proper verification based on level of garbage filling. This process is aided by the ultrasonic sensor which is interfaced with Arduino UNO to check the level of garbage filled in the dustbin and sends the alert to the municipal web server once if garbage is filled. After cleaning the dustbin, the driver confirms the task of emptying the garbage with the aid of RFID Tag. RFID is a computing technology that is used for verification process and in addition, it also enhances the smart garbage alert system by providing automatic identification of garbage filled in the dustbin and sends the status of clean-up to the server affirming that the work is done. The whole process is upheld by an embedded module integrated with RF ID and IOT Facilitation. The real time status of how waste collection is being done could be monitored and followed up by the municipality authority with the aid of this system. In addition to this the necessary remedial / alternate measures could be adapted. An Android application is developed and linked to a web server to intimate the alerts from the microcontroller to the urban office and to perform the remote monitoring of the cleaning process, done by the workers, thereby reducing the manual process of monitoring and verification. The notifications are sent to the Android application using Wi-Fi module.

IOT based smart garbage alert system using Arduino UNO

Internet of Things (IoT) have revolutionized the entire way in which the industry operates. The authenticity and entry access to certain places of the industry plays a crucial role in maintaining the secrecy of the operations. Therefore providing limited access to such confidential places proves to be seemingly vital. The proposed work provides a dual security mechanism against unauthorized entry and hence enhances the integrity of the system. This system thus eradicates the common security threats such as Spoofing, Repudiation and trafficking from evaders especially in the current scenario of industry 4.0. This system uses two techniques for the controlled access. One via a fingerprint access that utilizes the raspberry pi3 and a biometric database system for control. This method is a thorough hardware based solution and could be utilized when there is a physical presence of a person. In case if the authenticator is not available in the arena, the alternate mechanism would be followed to provide a secured access authenticity through Virtual Point Network (VPN) & IoT. The utility of VPN facilitates the personnel to prove his / her credentials from any remote location. Thus this dual mode system provides a highly credential entry / exit system in an industrial arena.

R. Jenifer Prarthana

Papers

IOT based smart garbage alert system using Arduino UNO

An Automated Garage Door and Security Management System (A dual control system with VPN IoT & Biometric Database)