This book is promoted as a practical manual and data book for forensic scientists, toxicologists, analytical chemists, pharmacists, biochemists, pathologists, and police surgeons. The problems of identification of drugs and related compounds in biological material grow year by year, with the continual introduction of new drugs, insecticides, food additives, industrial chemicals, etc. In addition, self-poisoning with drugs is assuming epidemic proportions in many countries. Although sedativehypnotic drugs, tranquilisers, antidepressants, and salicylates account for the great majority of drugs taken in overdosage, the clinical chemist and forensic scientist must be able to identify a vast range of other less commonly encountered compounds. This comprehensive text outlines methods for the isolation and identification of drugs and is therefore particularly welcome. It describes a large number of simple and rapid screening tests which can be performed with a minimum of apparatus; at the other end of the scale, it provides standardised reference data

Isolation and Identification of Drugs.

Thin-layer chromatography: A laboratory handbook

A review on solar forecasting and power management approaches for energy‐harvesting wireless sensor networks

Water covers approximately 71% of the earth surface, yet much of the underwater world remains unexplored due to technology limitations. Internet of Underwater
Things (IoUT) is a network of underwater objects that enables monitoring subsea environment remotely. Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is the
main enabling technology for IoUT. UWSNs are characterised by the limitations
of the underlying acoustic communication medium, high energy consumption, lack
of hardware resources to implement computationally intensive tasks and dynamic
network topology due to node mobility. These characteristics render UNWSNs vulnerable to different attacks, such as Wormhole, Sybil, flooding, jamming, spoofing
and Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. This article reviews peer-reviewed literature
that addresses the security challenges and attacks on UWSNs as well as possible
mitigative solutions. Findings show that the biggest contributing factors to security threats in UWSNs are the limited energy supply, the limited communication
medium and the harsh underwater communication conditions. Researchers in this
field agree that the security measures of terrestrial wireless sensor networks are not
directly applicable to UWSNs due to the unique nature of the underwater environment where resource management becomes a significant challenge. This article also
outlines future research directions on security and privacy challenges of IoUT and
UWSN.

Security challenges of Internet of Underwater Things: A systematic literature review

The volume of web has increased tremendously, as a result retrieving useful and relevant information in terms of textual information or visual information has become a difficult task The current search engines still depend on textual descriptions for retrieving images from the web It is difficult to search for the relevant images using commercial search engines The results from commercial image search engines are often mixed up with irrelevant and redundant images extracted from the web This paper on SBIR(Semantic Based Image Retrieval) proposes a method to find user intended images from the web using proposed image crawling mechanism The proposed framework overcomes the two major problems in case of retrieving user centric images from the web: freshness problem and redundancy problem The proposed framework can also be used as personalized image search engine which effectively extract the text information on the web to semantically describe the retrieved images Experiments are designed and conducted to test the performance of proposed image crawling approach The experimental results illustrate substantial improvement in the image crawling strategy, especially when the search strings is combined with low level image features

Semantic Based Image Retrieval using multi-agent model by searching and filtering replicated web images

Web Usage mining, also known as Web Log mining, is an application of data mining algorithms to Web access logs to find trends and regularities in Web users' traversal patterns. The results of Web Usage Mining have been used in improving Web site design, business and marketing decision support, user profiling, and Web server system performance. Web page prediction technique is a very important research area in web technologies. Mining is useful for web path traversal pattern from web logs. This paper presents an efficient algorithm for web page prediction from large web logs visited by a user. We assign a significant weight to each page based on time spent by user on each page, visiting frequency and click event done on each page.

An Efficient Weighted Algorithm for Web Information Retrieval System

Finding relevant information on the web is an ongoing problem. Commercial search engines like Google rely on sophisticated algorithms to index huge collection of web pages to make them accessible to user queries. Users, however, are still frequently overloaded with irrelevant results. The required information is available in replicated manner scattered in various disjoint databases. For effective web information retrieval, user need to consult several commercial search engines working on different architecture and principles. Rank aggregation and Result merging is the key component of a crawling mechanism used by the commercial search engines. Once the results from various search engines are collected, they need to be merged into a single unified ranked list. The effectiveness of any crawling mechanism is closely related to the rank aggregation and result merging algorithm it employs. In this paper, we investigate a variety of rank aggregation and result merging algorithms based on a wide range of available information. The effectiveness of these algorithms is then compared experimentally to our proposed crawling framework based on queries from the TREC Web track and 3 most popular general-purpose search engines. Our experiments yield two important results. First, simple result merging strategies can outperform Google, Yahoo and MSN Live. Second, Proposed Content Based Result Aggregation (CBRA) algorithm outperforms other existing content based merging algorithms based on full document content.

A WEBIR Crawling Framework for Retrieving Highly Relevant Web Documents: Evaluation Based on Rank Aggregation and Result Merging Algorithms

The work in this proposal suggests an energy balanced, depth aware data transmission approach to prolonging the network lifetime of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). As single-hop transmission is energy harvesting. Therefore, more often multi-hop communication paradigm is used to forward data towards the surface sink. However, multi-hop communication leads imbalanced consumption. Due to the fact that, nodes nearer to the surface may deplete more energy comparison to other nodes, this paper proposed a hybrid or mixed-hop transmission approach for balancing the energy consumption throughout the network. The selection of the relay node in mixed-hop transmission is based on optimal depth threshold and residual energy grades of the participating sensor nodes. This proposal uses energy of the nodes more efficiently thru balancing the energy consumption during data transmission as compared to other works proposed in the literature. The effectiveness of the proposal is evaluated and validated through simulation in terms of network lifetime, residual energy grades, and network throughput.

Enhance the Lifespan of Underwater Sensor Network Through Energy Efficient Hybrid Data Communication Scheme

Task scheduling and load balancing are major issues in cloud environments. Utilization of resource is affected directly by this. In research field of cloud, aspect of load balancing has to be considered. On front as well as back end, it has a serious impact. For balancing load, improved cuckoo search + artificial bee colony (ICSABC) algorithm is proposed in this work. It is bio-inspired load balancing scheduling algorithm. On VMs, load balance level is improved by enabling process of scheduling efficiently. In cloud computing, most important work is task scheduling. Users are paying based on resource usage time. Among resources of system, load must be distributed evenly. It increases the utilization of resource and execution time is reduced. Best task-to-virtual machine mapping is computed by proposed algorithm. Speed of VM processing and submitted workload’s length has an effect on it. Best average VM load is achieved by proposed ICSABC as shown by results of experimentation. It also results in high accuracy and low complexity time, when compared with existing methods.

Improved Cuckoo Search with Artificial Bee Colony for Efficient Load Balancing in Cloud Computing Environment

Mobile nodes dynamically form a multi-hop wireless networks which are termed as mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Centralized infrastructure is not required for the operation of MANETs. They are non-fixed infrastructure networks, and there are so many issues with them because of their dynamic topology, mobile nodes, security, bandwidth constraints, limited battery backup, etc. Trust is an association, trustworthiness, reliability and faithfulness of the nodes in the network. This paper discusses about the trust and trust computations. In this work, a trust-based fuzzy bat (TBF) optimization model is proposed and implemented to mitigate the effects of attacks. Various network environments are used to perform sensitivity analysis. Performance metrics like normalized routing overhead and packet delivery ratio are used for evaluation. Values of trust update interval, weight of trust component and distrust threshold are varied. A security solution is ensured using fuzzy bat with trust evaluation model in an untrusted environment of MANETs. The result concludes that the proposed TFB algorithm provides higher lifetime of a network and throughput and lower consumption of energy and end-to-end delay than the existing approaches.

Rakesh Kumar

Papers

An Efficient Weighted Algorithm for Web Information Retrieval System

A WEBIR Crawling Framework for Retrieving Highly Relevant Web Documents: Evaluation Based on Rank Aggregation and Result Merging Algorithms

Enhance the Lifespan of Underwater Sensor Network Through Energy Efficient Hybrid Data Communication Scheme

Improved Cuckoo Search with Artificial Bee Colony for Efficient Load Balancing in Cloud Computing Environment

Trust-Based Fuzzy Bat Optimization Algorithm for Attack Detection in Manet