In recent years, green logistics has received increasing interest due to the rise in greenhouse gases emission from transport operations. It is a promising approach to managing supply chain decisions to reduce environmental damages. Many models have been developed in the literature to study the environmental aspects of routing problems. However, these models have not been implemented in practice, particularly in batch processing industries. In this paper, we developed a two-stage stochastic model which integrates the tactical and operational decision levels to reduce the economic and environmental impacts of transport activities. This model generates optimum vehicle routes and their delivery velocities with the objective of minimizing the total distribution cost and the related emissions. We implemented the proposed model in two case studies drawn from the fast-moving consumer goods industry. This resulted in a cost reduction of up to 13 % of the total related economic and environmental costs compared to the actual situation at the test sites. These results also show the potential of green logistics-based models to improve the current modelling capabilities for batch distribution planning.

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Development and implementation of a green logistics-oriented framework for batch process industries: two case studies

In today's competitive environment where the customer has got tremendous choice for selecting brands, it is a very challenging task for a marketer to attract new and retain the old customer. To accomplish this objective the marketer uses different types of marketing strategies to position their product in the mind framework of the customer and establish their brand image in the market. The study focuses assessing the overall impact of store promotional tools on consumer buying decision and also to study the impact and awareness of various store promotional tool among the respondents. Store promotion consists of a diverse collection of incentive tools, mostly short term, designed to stimulate quicker or greater purchase of particular products or services by consumers or the trade. For the purpose of this study 549 respondents were approached and they were asked to fill the structured questionnaire designed for the study. The collected data from the sample respondents is analysed by using different statistical tests such as-reliability statistics, validity, frequency distribution, regression, chi-square test, one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and ANOVA.

Marketing Strategies in Creating Brand Image of FMCG in India with Special Reference to Store Promotion

The purpose of this research is to measure the impact of reverse logistics performance indicators namely; cost, recycling efficiency, time, quality and waste on sustainability performances (Economic, Environmental and Social) in in Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industries. To reach this aim primary data was collected through 116 online survey, to test the hypothesized relationship between reverse logistics performance indicators and sustainability. For the purpose of this research the questionnaire was distributed to key personnel in reverse logistics processes working at FMCG industry. The results concluded that reverse logistics performance indicators have a significant positive impact on environmental performance, except for waste. In addition, economic performance is positively influenced by only recycling efficiency and quality. Finally, it was found that only recycling efficiency can positively influence social performance. These findings includes implications for the development of implementing sustainability in revers logistics, in addition it provide companies with the guidance to apply sustainability in revers logistics. Finally, this paper adds value to the industries by measuring the role of sustainability in revers logistics.

The role of sustainability in reverse logistics for returns and recycling

................................................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................. vi DEDICATION............................................................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................................... 11 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ...................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................... 24 3.0 RESEARCH MEHODOLOGY ............................................................................................. 24

Effect Of Innovation On Competitive Advantage In Fast Moving Consumer Goods, A Case Of PZ Cussons East Africa Ltd

Local or regional fast-moving consumer (FMCG) brands sold mostly in delimited geographic areas are a growing trend. This study aims to understand consumer attitudes towards such products and to identify factors critical to their success. The paper is a comparative study between developed (Germany) and emerging (South Africa) nations to identify differences between the preference criteria for FMCG. The methodology involved an online cross section survey in the two countries. Respondents from both countries preferred local brands and believe they are better quality and more supportive of, and connected to, local communities. South Africans feel this more strongly, show greater commitment, and are prepared to pay more than Germans. ‘Beliefs’ regarding quality, value for money, and trust in local brands are critical.

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Consumer Perceptions of Critical Success Factors for Small Local Consumer Brands

The fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector is an important contributor to India's GDP. Fast moving consumer goods (FMCGs) constitute a large part of consumers' budget in all countries. This study is aimed at to shed light on competitive conditions prevailing in the FMCGs retail trade sector. This study also focused on the analysis of competitive within the sector, and draws lessons for competition policy. FMCG Industry is characterized by a well established distribution network, low penetration levels, low operating cost, lower per capita consumption and intense competition between the organized and unorganized segments. India's FMCG sector creates employment for more than three million people in downstream activities. It is currently growing at double-digit rate and is expected to maintain a high growth rate. Indian buyers were a bit conservative partly due to lesser disposable income and partly due to fewer competitive and more variety of products. Food inflation could restrict consumers' demand and pricing flexibility for FMCG while lowering consumers' purchasing power that diverts purchases away from certain FMCG.

http://ijirset.com/upload/2014/january/45_FAST.pdf

Rallabandi Srinivasu

Papers

Fast moving consumer goods retail market, growth prospect, market overview and food inflation in indian market - an overview