Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of a novel anti-hyperglycemic “Mcy protein” isolated from the fruits of Momordica cym

Antihyperlipidemic and Biochemical Activities of Mcy Protein in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Founded in 1961 to replace the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), which was linked to the Marshall Plan and was established in 1948. The change of title marks the Organisation’s altered status and functions: with the accession of Canada and USA as full members, it ceased to be a purely European body, and at the same time added development aid to the list of its priorities. The aims of the organization are to promote policies designed to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in Member countries, while maintaining financial stability, and thus to contribute to the development of the world economy; to contribute to sound economic expansion in Member as well as non-member countries in the process of economic development; and to contribute to the expansion of world trade on a multilateral, nondiscriminatory basis in accordance with international obligations.

Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)

This review examines the historical, physiological, clinical, and epidemiohogical evidence to support a method of therapy for children's diarrhea that may be recommended for general acceptance. The understanding and use of fluid and nutritional therapy of acute diarrhea in childhood have progressed over the years to a point where acute mortality can be reduced to nearly zero. At the same time, the ill effects on electrolyte balance and nutrition may be reduced to a minimum. Through use of an oral glucose electrolyte solution with a carefully designed composition, physiologically correct treatment may now be so simplified and inexpensive as to be readily available to the remote, under-served areas of the world where most of the morbidity exists; and be useful as well to more sophisticated settings. The method of therapy recommended in this paper has several important departures from traditional teaching. It advocates rapid restoration of extracehlular fluid with a polyelectrohyte solution containing sodium, base and potassium; use of an oral glucose electrolyte solution for repletion of those not in shock and for maintenance; use of a single oral glucose electrolyte solution for all age groups, regardless of diagnosis; and quite early feeding with tolerated foods. Sodium loads given are generally higher than advocated by standard pediatric teaching. The origins of that teaching and support for the newer approach come from a detailed analysis ofcurrent knowledge in the epidemiological, clinical, and physiological aspects of diarrheal illness. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 33: 637-663, 1980.

The treatment of acute diarrhea in children. An historical and physiological perspective.

Cassia fistula stem bark was used for the preparation of aqueous extract and synthesis of gold nanoparticles to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of the plant. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy for their absorbance pattern, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to identify possible functional groups, and scanning electron microscopy to determine the size of the nanoparticles. The present investigation reports the efficacy of the gold nanoparticles as promising in the treatment of hyperglycemia. Body weight, serum glucose concentrations, liver function tests, kidney function tests, and lipid profile were analyzed. A significantly larger decrease in serum biochemistry parameters and an increase in body weight, total protein levels, and high-density lipoprotein were observed in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes treated with gold nanoparticles than in the ones treated with the aqueous extract. The results of this study confirm that C. fistula gold nanoparticles have promising antidiabetic properties.

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Biochemical analysis of Cassia fistula aqueous extract and phytochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles as hypoglycemic treatment for diabetes mellitus

Microbes are unique creatures that adapt to varying lifestyles and environment resistance in extreme or adverse conditions. The genetic architecture of microbe may bear a significant signature not only in the sequences position, but also in the lifestyle to which it is adapted. It becomes a challenge for the society to find new chemical entities which can treat microbial infections. The present review aims to focus on account of important chemical moiety, that is, pyrimidine and its various derivatives as antimicrobial agents. In the current studies we represent more than 200 pyrimidines as antimicrobial agents with different mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted classes along with in vitro antimicrobial activities of pyrimidines derivatives which can facilitate the development of more potent and effective antimicrobial agents.

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Significance and Biological Importance of Pyrimidine in the Microbial World

The aqueous leaves extract of Sesbania sesban (L) Merr. (Family: Fabaceae) was evaluated for its antidiabetic potential on normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In the chronic model, the aqueous extract was administered to normal and STZ- induced diabetic rats at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) p.o. per day for 30 days. The fasting Blood Glucose Levels (BGL), serum insulin level and biochemical data such as glycosylated hemoglobin, Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) and Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) were evaluated and all were compared to that of the known anti-diabetic drug glibenclamide (0.25 mg/kg b.w.). The statistical data indicated significant increase in the body weight, liver glycogen, serum insulin and HDL levels and decrease in blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol and serum triglycerides when compared with glibenclamide. Thus the aqueous leaves extract of Sesbania sesban had beneficial effects in reducing the elevated blood glucose level and lipid profile of STZ-induced diabetic rats.

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Antidiabetic Activity of Aqueous Leaves Extract of Sesbania sesban (L) Merr. in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats.

Purpose: In the present study in vivo analgesic activity of some previously synthesized 1,2,4-triazole derivatives containing pyrazole, tetrazole, isoxazole and pyrimidine ring have been evaluated. Methods: Acetic acid induced writhing method and Hot plate method has been described to study analgesic activity of some 1,2,4-triazole derivatives containing pyrazole, tetrazole, isoxazole and pyrimidine as a pharmacological active lead. Results: Thirty six different derivatives containing 1,2,4-triazole ring were subjected to study their in vivo analgesic activity. Chloro, nitro and methoxy, hydroxy and bromo substituted derivatives showed excellent analgesic activity and dimethylamino, furan and phenyl substituted derivatives showed moderate analgesic activity in both of the methods. Compounds IIIa, IIId, IIIf, IIIi, IIIj, IVa, IVb, IVd, IVf, IVh, IVj IV3a and IIj were found to be superior analgesic agents after screening by Acetic acid induced writhing method. Compounds IIIb, IIId, IIIf, IIIh, IIIj, IVa, IVb, IVd, IVf, IVh, IVi, IV3c, IV3e and IIj were showed analgesic potential after screening of Hot plate method. Conclusion: All tested compounds containing 1,2,4-triazole were found to be promising analgesic agents, for this activity pyrazole, tetrazole, isoxazole and pyrimidine leads might be supported.

https://journals.tbzmed.ac.ir/PDF/APB/Manuscript/APB-3-13.pdf

Analgesic Activity of Some 1,2,4-Triazole Heterocycles Clubbed with Pyrazole, Tetrazole, Isoxazole and Pyrimidine

Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidaemic potential of Amaranthus viridis (L.) Merr. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

In India, Adenanthera pavonina is traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and lipid disorders. In the present study, the antihyperglycaemic and lipid lowering effect of Adenanthera pavonina seed aqueous extract (APSAE) was evaluated using streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats. Streptozotocin was given at the dose of 55 mg/kg, i.p. After induction of diabetes, APSAE was administered for 30 days p. o. and simultaneously different biochemical parameters like plasma glucose, HbA1c, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were estimated. Diabetic control showed significant increase (P < 0.01) in plasma glucose, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and significant decrease (P < 0.01) in serum HDL-cholesterol and HbA1c. Treatment with APSAE showed significant reduction (P < 0.01) in plasma glucose when compared with diabetic control. The elevated levels of serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.01) by APSAE. APSAE treatment for 30 days showed significant decrease in serum LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.01) and significant increase in serum HDL cholesterol level (P < 0.01). Moreover, diabetic control there was significant decrease in HbA1c which was significantly increased (P < 0.05) by treatment with APSAE. Hence, from the result obtained in the present study it can be confirmed that Adenanthera pavonina has the potential to treat diabetes condition and associated lipid disorders.

/pdf/anti-hyperglycaemic-and-lipid-lowering-potential-of-31fkh69qyv.pdf

Anti-hyperglycaemic and lipid lowering potential of Adenanthera pavonina Linn. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

The aim of present study was to investigate the attenuating effects of Adenanthera pavonina L., Leguminosae-Mimosaceae seeds aqueous extract (APSAE), in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats. APSAE (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg per day) was given to diabetic rats for twelve weeks. Cold and hot water tail immersion tests, photoactometer and Rota-rod tests were performed to assess degree of colder, thermal, spontaneous motor activity and motor co-ordination changes respectively at different time intervals i.e., week 0, 4, 8 and 12. Tissue superoxide anion and total calcium levels were determined after twelve weeks to assess biochemical alterations. Histopathological evaluations of sciatic nerve were also performed to assess nerve damage. APSAE treatment increased tail flick latency significantly in diabetic rats. APSAE also reduced superoxide anion and total calcium levels. These results suggested that APSAE has attenuated development of diabetic neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats when compared with pregabalin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and could be beneficial in preventing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

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Attenuating effect of seeds of Adenanthera pavonina aqueous extract in neuropathic pain in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: an evidence of neuroprotective effects

Ramdas B. Pandhare

Papers

Antidiabetic Activity of Aqueous Leaves Extract of Sesbania sesban (L) Merr. in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats.

Analgesic Activity of Some 1,2,4-Triazole Heterocycles Clubbed with Pyrazole, Tetrazole, Isoxazole and Pyrimidine

Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidaemic potential of Amaranthus viridis (L.) Merr. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Anti-hyperglycaemic and lipid lowering potential of Adenanthera pavonina Linn. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Attenuating effect of seeds of Adenanthera pavonina aqueous extract in neuropathic pain in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: an evidence of neuroprotective effects