Digital forensics is a vital part of almost every criminal investigation given the amount of information available and the opportunities offered by electronic data to investigate and evidence a crime. However, in criminal justice proceedings, these electronic pieces of evidence are often considered with the utmost suspicion and uncertainty, although, on occasions are justifiable. Presently, the use of scientifically unproven forensic techniques are highly criticized in legal proceedings. Nevertheless, the exceedingly distinct and dynamic characteristics of electronic data, in addition to the current legislation and privacy laws remain as challenging aspects for systematically attesting evidence in a court of law. This article presents a comprehensive study to examine the issues that are considered essential to discuss and resolve, for the proper acceptance of evidence based on scientific grounds. Moreover, the article explains the state of forensics in emerging sub-fields of digital technology such as, cloud computing, social media, and the Internet of Things (IoT), and reviewing the challenges which may complicate the process of systematic validation of electronic evidence. The study further explores various solutions previously proposed, by researchers and academics, regarding their appropriateness based on their experimental evaluation. Additionally, this article suggests open research areas, highlighting many of the issues and problems associated with the empirical evaluation of these solutions for immediate attention by researchers and practitioners. Notably, academics must react to these challenges with appropriate emphasis on methodical verification. Therefore, for this purpose, the issues in the experiential validation of practices currently available are reviewed in this study. The review also discusses the struggle involved in demonstrating the reliability and validity of these approaches with contemporary evaluation methods. Furthermore, the development of best practices, reliable tools and the formulation of formal testing methods for digital forensic techniques are highlighted which could be extremely useful and of immense value to improve the trustworthiness of electronic evidence in legal proceedings.

https://www.koreascience.or.kr:443/article/JAKO201814442074731.pdf

Digital Forensics: Review of Issues in Scientific Validation of Digital Evidence

Evidence collection and forensics on social networks: Research challenges and directions

Digital forensics starts to show its role and contribution in the society as a solution in disclosure of cybercrime. The essential in digital forensics is chain of custody, which is an attempt to preserve the integrity of digital evidence as well as a procedure for performing documentation chronologically toward evidence. The characteristics of digital evidence have caused the handling chain of custody is becoming more complicated and complex. A number of researchers have contributed to provide solutions for the digital chain custody through a different point of views. This paper gives an overview of the extent to which the problem and challenges are faced in the digital chain of custody issue as well as the scope of researches that can be done to contribute in the issue of the digital chain of custody.

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Digital Chain of Custody: State of the Art

Perkembangan telekomunikasi meningkat sangat pesat semenjak layanan pesan instan berbasis internet merambat cepat ke Indonesia. WhatsApp adalah aplikasi pesan instan paling populer dibanding layanan pesan instan lain, menurut situs website statista pengguna per Januari 2017 sebanyak 1,2 miliar orang secara aktif menggunakan aplikasi ini. Seiring pembaruan WhatsApp berbagai fitur disematkan dalam aplikasi ini diantaranya Whatsapp Berbasis Web untuk Komputer, fitur ini mempermudah pengguna dalam berbagi file tertentu serta dapat tersinkronisasi terhadap smartphone maupun komputer penggunanya. Disamping sisi positif yang didapati aplikasi, WhatsApp juga memberikan celah keamanan akan privasi penggunanya salah satunya yaitu penyadapan percakapan yang melibatkan kedua devices ; smartphone dan komputer. Penanganan tindak kejahatan yang melibatkan piranti digital perlu ditekankan sehingga dapat membantu proses peradilan akan efek yang ditimbulkannya. Investigasi Forensika Digital turut berperan serta terhadap penindakan penyalahgunaan fitur layanan pesan instan WhatsApp diantaranya langkah investigasi penanganan kasus penyadapan percakapan WhatsApp melalui serangkaian tahapan baku sesuai prosedur forensika digital. Eksplorasi barang bukti (digital evidence) percakapan WhatsApp akan menjadi acuan akan tindak kejahatan penyadapan telekomunikasi yang selanjutnya akan dilakukan report investigation forensics yang melibatkan barang bukti smartphone dan komputer korban.

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Analisis Investigasi Forensik WhatsApp Messanger Smartphone Terhadap WhatsApp Berbasis Web

The significant increase in the volume, variety and velocity of data complicates cloud forensic efforts, as such big data will, at some point, become computationally expensive to be fully extracted and analyzed in a timely manner. Thus, it is important for a digital forensic practitioner to have a well-rounded knowledge about the most relevant data artefacts that could be forensically recovered from the cloud product under investigation. In this paper, CloudMe, a popular cloud storage service, is studied. The types and locations of the artefacts relating to the installation and uninstallation of the client application, logging in and out, and file synchronization events from the computer desktop and mobile clients are described. Findings from this research will pave the way towards the development of tools and techniques (e.g. data mining techniques) for cloud-enabled big data endpoint forensics investigation.

CloudMe Forensics: A Case of Big-Data Investigation.

1. ABSTRACT Digital forensic has evolved from addressing minor computer crimes to investigation of complex international cases with massive effect on the world. This paper studies the evolution of the digital forensic; its origins, its current position and its future directions. This paper sets the scene with exploring past literature on digital forensic approaches followed by the assessment and analysis of current state of art in both industrial and academic digital forensics research. The obtained results are compared and analyzed to provide a comprehensive view of the current digital forensics landscape. Furthermore, this paper highlights critical digital forensic issues that are being overlooked and not being addressed as deserved. The paper finally concludes with offering future research directions in this area.

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Ramlan Mahmoud Mohsen Damshenas

Papers

A Survey on Digital Forensics Trends