Treatment of dairy wastewater by immobilized microbial technology using polyurethane foam as carrier

Treatment of dairy wastewater by immobilized microbial technology using polyurethane foam as carrier.

Feasibility of applying nonthermal plasma for dairy effluent treatment and optimization of process parameters

Integration of physical and advanced oxidation processes for treatment and reuse of textile dye-bath effluents with minimum area footprint

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are omnipresent synthetic chemicals. Due to their industrial importance and widespread use as a key component in various applications and a variety of products, these compounds can be found today in high concentrations (>1 μg/L) in surface and groundwater but also spread throughout the ecosystem, where they represent a serious threat to most living organisms. The removal or degradation of PFAS contaminants from water and soil is becoming a legal obligation in a growing number of countries around the globe. This, however, demands novel techniques for the degradation of PFAS since conventional water treatment techniques are either insufficient or extremely expensive due to the persistent nature of these compounds caused by their extraordinary chemical stability. The goal of this work was therefore to investigate the practical potential of the application-oriented use of atmospheric non-thermal plasma as a powerful advanced oxidation method for the purification of water contaminated with PFAS compounds. Special attention was devoted to the development of the concept that can be scaled up to the capacity level of approximately 100–200 m3 of water per hour, contaminated with PFAS and other contaminants including organic and inorganic material generally present in soil, and surface or groundwater. Our major research interest was to define the minimum required treatment time for optimal purification results, as well as to understand the influence of the initial concentration of PFAS in water and the potential presence of co-contaminants often present in situ on the efficiency of the degradation process. A chemical analysis of the treated samples demonstrated the ability of the atmospheric plasma to reduce more than 50% of the initial PFAS amount in the water samples in less than 300 s of treatment time. PFOA, however, showed more rigidity towards degradation, where a double treatment time was needed to reach similar degradation levels. The obtained results showed that the initial concentration level does not play a major role in the process. However, the PFAS degradation profiles for all tested concentrations show a strongly nonlinear behavior with time, characterized by the fast decrease of the process efficiency in the case of longer treatment times. For prolonged treatment times, a constant increase in the samples’ conductivity was measured, which might be the limiting factor for the degradation rate in the case of prolonged treatment times.

/pdf/effectiveness-of-non-thermal-plasma-induced-degradation-of-my7701et.pdf

Effectiveness of Non-Thermal Plasma Induced Degradation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Water

The present study focused on the various advanced oxidation processes; Ozone, UV radiation, O3/H2O2, O3/UV, UV/H2O2 and O3/UV/H2O2 for treatability of dairy industry wastewater. With this aim, the trials were carried out in cylindrical reactor fortified with UV radiation and Ozone injection. Efficiency of the treatment process was evaluated considering Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), lactose reduction and process parameters were determined to be reaction time, pH, circulation rate, and H2O2 dosage. 32.5%, 35.2% , 25%, 83% COD and 40.6%, 43.6%, 38.2%, 80% lactose reduction efficiency were obtained under the operating conditions for O3/H2O2, O3/UV, UV/H2O2 and O3/UV/H2O2 processes, respectively. As per this outcome, UV/H2O2/O3 process gave more than 65% of COD and 52.36% of lactose reduction efficiency than other hybrid processes. Optimum conditions for UV/H2O2/O3 process (pH = 5, time = 180 mins, circulation rate = 50 mL/h and H2O2 dosage of 0.5 mL) resulted in 88% of COD and 93.4% lactose reduction.

/pdf/experimental-analysis-on-the-synergistic-effect-of-combined-2ml1ejfk68.pdf

Experimental analysis on the synergistic effect of combined use of ozone and UV radiation for the treatment of dairy industry wastewater

The effluent remedy is ordinarily to allow human and commercial effluents to be disposed of whilst now no threat to human health or unacceptable damage to the natural ecosystem. Industrial effluents (in general from factories) comprise numerous substances, counting on the change. Industries have long discharged their effluents into close move courses, public sewers, and fields or the ocean, leading to environmental and fitness problems. Plasma is an innovative method to modify the properties of surface of material with atmospheric pressure. When electrical discharge takes place between the two electrodes the high intensity of plasma arc formed which produces highly active reactive radicals. Here, this paper represents the review of non-thermal plasma and its application, techniques and up to date undergoing development on the utilization of non-thermal plasma in numerous industrial wastewater treatment.

Treatment possibilities of electrical discharge non-thermal plasma for industrial wastewater treatment-review

Tailgut cysts or retrorectal cystic hamartomas are rare, congenital, development lesions arising from the remnants of the hindgut during embryogenesis. It is most often misdiagnosed due to its rarity, variable clinical presentation, and malignant potential. The following report describes an unusual case of a tailgut cyst in a 60-year-old male with a history of a perianal mass for 12 years. Surgical resection was done, and histopathological examination revealed a multiloculated cyst filled with brownish fluid, grossly, and a cyst lined by various epithelia such as stratified squamous epithelium, pseudostratified columnar epithelium, and flattened to cuboidal and mucin-secreting columnar epithelium along with cyst wall made up of bundles of smooth muscles, microscopically. Several lesions mimic a tailgut cyst and need to be excluded from the differentials. Although no malignancy was documented in this case, these cysts have been known to undergo malignant transformation into adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma, to name a few. This warrants a thorough and accurate histopathological assessment and mandatory follow-up.

https://www.cureus.com/articles/96046-an-unusual-perianal-presentation-of-a-tailgut-cyst.pdf

Ramya Suresh

Papers

Feasibility of applying nonthermal plasma for dairy effluent treatment and optimization of process parameters

Experimental analysis on the synergistic effect of combined use of ozone and UV radiation for the treatment of dairy industry wastewater

Treatment possibilities of electrical discharge non-thermal plasma for industrial wastewater treatment-review

An Unusual Perianal Presentation of a Tailgut Cyst