Current patterns of parental authority.

Psychodynamic features of families with multigenerational bipolar manic-depressive illness are described. Repetitive maladaptive patterns, including avoidance of affect, unrealistic standards of conformity, absence of intimate relationships apart from family, displaced parental low self-esteem, and fears related to illness heritability, may influence the maintenance of family pathology.

Manic-Depressive Illness

This glossary presents a comprehensive list of indicators of socioeconomic position used in health research. A description of what they intend to measure is given together with how data are elicited and the advantages and limitation of the indicators. The glossary is divided into two parts for journal publication but the intention is that it should be used as one piece. The second part highlights a life course approach and will be published in the next issue of the journal.

https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/60/1/7.full.pdf

Indicators of socioeconomic position (part 1)

At the core of virtually all contemporary psychiatric theories and practices lies the concept of mental illness. A critical examination of this concept is therefore indispensable for understanding the ideas, institutions, and interventions of psychiatrists.

/pdf/the-myth-of-mental-illness-25gr5clczc.pdf

The Myth of Mental Illness

In 1966, when we initiated an outpatient treatment program for autistic children and their families (Schopler & Reichler, 1971), there were two major sets of guidelines for diagnosing the children who were referred to our program. The first was Kanner ' s (1943) original definition of autism. At the start of our program the most promising at tempt to translate the Kanner definition into an empirical rating scale was the Rimland Checklist (1964), later revised into a second form (Rimland, 1971). This checklist was completed for all children evaluated in our program. From the very beginning, however, we had the clinical impression that very few of our children were autistic according to Kanner ' s criteria. The Creak (1964) criteria served as a second system of classification. Like Kanner 's , these were not entirely satisfactory from our perspective. Specifically, classification guidelines suitable for very young children were lacking. In response to the limitations of existing classification systems, we developed our own 15-scale rating system (Reichler & Schopler, 1971). These scales incorporated (a) Kanner ' s pr imary features, (b) other characteristics, noted by Creak, found

Raymond G. Hunt

Papers

Social Class and Mental Illness