Evolutionary psychology is one of many biologically informed approaches to the study of human behavior. Along with cognitive psychologists, evolutionary psychologists propose that much, if not all, of our behavior can be explained by appeal to internal psychological mechanisms. What distinguishes evolutionary psychologists from many cognitive psychologists is the proposal that the relevant internal mechanisms are adaptations—products of natural selection—that helped our ancestors get around the world, survive and reproduce. To understand the central claims of evolutionary psychology we require an understanding of some key concepts in evolutionary biology, cognitive psychology, philosophy of science and philosophy of mind. Philosophers are interested in evolutionary psychology for a number of reasons. For philosophers of science —mostly philosophers of biology—evolutionary psychology provides a critical target. There is a broad consensus among philosophers of science that evolutionary psychology is a deeply flawed enterprise. For philosophers of mind and cognitive science evolutionary psychology has been a source of empirical hypotheses about cognitive architecture and specific components of that architecture. Philosophers of mind are also critical of evolutionary psychology but their criticisms are not as all-encompassing as those presented by philosophers of biology. Evolutionary psychology is also invoked by philosophers interested in moral psychology both as a source of empirical hypotheses and as a critical target.

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Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Introduction: on studying stories of peoplehood Part I. Explaining the Political Role of Stories of Peoplehood: 1. Elements of a theory of people-making 2. The role of ethically constitutive stories Part II. Constructing Political Peoplehood in Morally Defensible Ways: 3. Ethically constitutive stories and norms of allegiance 4. A pioneering people.

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Stories of Peoplehood: The Politics and Morals of Political Membership

Collective angst reflects concern about the ingroup’s future vitality. In four studies, the authors examined the impact of ingroup extinction threat on the experience of collective angst. In Study 1, collective angst was elicited in response to a physical or symbolic ingroup extinction threat compared to a no-threat control group. In Study 2, the extent to which French Canadians expressed collective angst because of the perceived extinction threat posed by English Canada predicted desire to engage in ingroup strengthening behaviors. In Studies 3 and 4, the impact of a historical extinction threat was assessed. The extent to which Jewish people expressed thinking about (Study 3) or were reminded of the Holocaust (Study 4) resulted in an increased desire to engage in ingroup strengthening behaviors. Collective angst acted as a mediator of these effects. Implications of extinction threat for both intragroup and intergroup behavior are discussed.

Perceiving Your Group’s Future to Be in Jeopardy: Extinction Threat Induces Collective Angst and the Desire to Strengthen the Ingroup

Introduction Morality and Mysticism: Parallel or Intersecting Lines? 1. Ontology, Alterity, and the Anthropological Other 2. Othering the Other: Eschatological Effacing of Ontological Boundaries 3. Beyond Good and Evil: Hypernomian Transmorality and Indeterminacy of the Limit 4. Suffering, Humility, and Transgressive Piety

Venturing Beyond: Law and Morality in Kabbalistic Mysticism

The present study focuses on emotion discourses in early modern travel books. It attempts a close textual, intertextual, and contextual analysis of several embedded narratives on emotions in three late sixteenth- and seventeenth-century travel books: Kit?b N??ir al-D?n 'ala 'l-Qawm al-K?fir?n: Mukhta?ar Ri?lat al-Shih?b 'ila Liq?´ al-A?b?b by Andalusian traveller Ahmed bin Q?sim al-?ajar? (1570- c.1641), The Diary of Master Thomas Dallam by an English craftsman, Thomas Dallam (1575-1630), and Seyahâtnâme (The Book of Travels) by Ottoman traveller Evliya Celebi (1611-1685).

In these travel books, al-?ajar?, Dallam, and Evliya narrate their journeys as emotionally protean experiences. They associate emotions with the contexts of their journeys, their volition to travel, and their authorial motives to write about their journeys. They display their emotions in their dreams, humour, and other subjective experiences. Their narratives yield uncommon notions of emotions, namely the emotions of encounter. A love story between a Muslim traveller and a Catholic girl, an English craftsman's anxiety at the court of an Ottoman Sultan, a disgusting meal in a foreign land, are just a few examples of emotionally freighted situations which are unlikely to be found in any genre but a travel book.

The close textual analysis aims to identify the role of the writers' cultures in shaping and regulating their discourses on emotions. The intertextual and contextual analysis of these narratives reveals that the meaning and function of these displayed emotions revolve around the traveller's community affiliation, religion, ideology, and other culture-specific discourses and practices such as Sufism, folk medicine, myths, folk traditions, natural and geographical phenomena, cultural scripts, social norms, and power relations. In a nutshell, reading the travellers' discourses on emotions means reading many cultural and historical aspects of the early modern world.

To approach discourses on emotions in texts of the past, the present study draws on the theory of culture-construction of emotions. It uses three analytical notions from the fields of language, anthropology and history of emotions: 'emotional communities', 'emotional styles' and 'emotional self-fashioning'. The present study uses a theoretical framework defined by a recent wave of studies on self-narratives as sources for the history and cultural diversity of emotions in the medieval and early modern periods. Within this approach, travel writing is seen as a self-narrative, a communicative act, and a social practice.
 
This approach to emotion discourses in Ri?la, travel journals and Seyahat genres allows us to project the transcultural and entangled history of the early modern Mediterranean, which as much it was a contested frontier between Islam and Christianity, was also a space of religious conversion and hybrid identities, the articulation of diplomacy and cultural exchange, mysticism and religious pluralism. This approach also pinpoints the diverse forms of cosmopolitanism, or rather cosmopolitanisms, in the plural.

Discourses on Emotions: Communities, Styles, and Selves in Early Modern Mediterranean Travel Books Three Case Studies

A joint publication of The Jewish Publication Society and the Jewish Theological Seminary The definitive work on the subject of Jewish liturgy, Ismar Elbogen's analysis covers the entire range of Jewish liturgical development-beginning with the early cornerstones of the siddur, through the evolution of the medieval piyyut tradition, to modern prayer book reform in Germany and the United States.

Jewish Liturgy: A Comprehensive History

List of illustrations Notes on transliteration 1. Visions of al-Andalus Maria Rosa Menocal Madinat al-Zahra' and the Umayyad palace D. F. Ruggles Part I. The Shapes of Culture: 2. Language Consuelo Lopez-Morillas 3. Music Dwight Reynolds 4. Spaces Jerrilynn D. Dodds 5. Knowledge Peter Heath 6. Love Michael Sells The Great Mosque of Cordoba D. F. Ruggles Part II. The Shapes of Literature: 7. The muwashshah Tova Rosen 8. The maqama Rina Drory 9. The qasida Beatrice Gruendler The Aljaferia in Saragossa and Taifa spaces Cynthia Robinson Part III. Andalusians: 10. Ibn Hazm Eric Ormsby 11. Moses Ibn Ezra Raymond P. Scheindlin 12. Judah Halevi Ross Brann 13. Petrus Alfonsi Lourdes Maria Alvarez 14. Ibn Quzman Amila Buturovic 15. Ibn Zaydun Devin J. Stewart 16. Ibn Tufayl Lenn Goodman 17. Ibn 'Arabi Alexander Knysh 18. Ramon Llull Gregory B. Stone 19. Ibn al-Khatib Alexander Knysh The dual heritage in Sicilian monuments D. F. Ruggles Part IV. To Sicily: 20. Poetries of the Norman courts Karla Mallette 21. Ibn Hamdis and the poetry of nostalgia William Granara 22. Michael Scot and the translators Thomas E. Burman Mudejar Teruel and Spanish identity D. F. Ruggles Part V. Marriages and Exiles: 23. The Mozarabs H. D. Miller and Hanna E. Kassis 24. The Arabized Jews Ross Brann 25. The Sephardim Samuel G. Armistead 26. The Moriscos Luce Lopez-Baralt Part VI. To al-Andalus, Would She Return the Greeting: The Nuniyya (poem in N) of Ibn Zaydun Index.

Raymond P. Scheindlin

Papers

Jewish Liturgy: A Comprehensive History

The literature of al-Andalus

Wine, Women, and Death: Medieval Hebrew Poems on the Good Life

The Gazelle: Medieval Hebrew Poems on God, Israel, and the Soul

A short history of the Jewish people : from legendary times to modern statehood