Cachectin (tumor necrosis factor), a protein produced in large quantities by endotoxin-activated macrophages, has been implicated as an important mediator of the lethal effect of endotoxin. Recombinant human cachectin was infused into rats in an effort to determine whether cachectin, by itself, can elicit the derangements of host physiology caused by administration of endotoxin. When administered in quantities similar to those produced endogenously in response to endotoxin, cachectin causes hypotension, metabolic acidosis, hemoconcentration, and death within minutes to hours, as a result of respiratory arrest. Hyperglycemia and hyperkalemia were also observed after infusion. At necropsy, diffuse pulmonary inflammation and hemorrhage were apparent on gross and histopathologic examination, along with ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, and acute renal tubular necrosis. Thus, it appears that a single protein mediator (cachectin) is capable of inducing many of the deleterious effects of endotoxin.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/234/4775/470.full.pdf

Shock and tissue injury induced by recombinant human cachectin.

https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/9p290c48k

ACC/AHA Guidelines for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery A Report of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Revise the 1991 Guidelines for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery)

ACC/AHA 2004 guideline update for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Summary article. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (committee to update the 1999 guidelines for coronary artery bypass graft surgery)

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/168/3934/939.full.pdf

Cryobiology: The Freezing of Biological Systems

Sepsis and septic shock—A review of laboratory models and a proposal

Allotransplantation of the pancreas and duodenum along with the kidney in diabetic nephropathy.

Allotransplantation of the pancreas and duodenum along with the kidney in diabetic nephropathy

Complement activation and neutropenia occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass

The physiological response of the small bowel of the dog to ischemia including prolonged in vitro preservation of the bowel with successful replacement and survival

Richard C. Lillehei

Papers

Allotransplantation of the pancreas and duodenum along with the kidney in diabetic nephropathy.

Allotransplantation of the pancreas and duodenum along with the kidney in diabetic nephropathy

Complement activation and neutropenia occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass

The physiological response of the small bowel of the dog to ischemia including prolonged in vitro preservation of the bowel with successful replacement and survival

The Nature of Irreversible Shock: Experimental and Clinical Observations