Natural history of Williams syndrome: Physical characteristics

http://img2.tapuz.co.il/forums/1_143210586.pdf

Assessment of dietary vitamin D requirements during pregnancy and lactation.

Luc Mertens, MD, PhD, FASE, FESC, Istvan Seri, MD, PhD, HonD, Jan Marek, MD, PhD, FESC, Romaine Arlettaz, MD, Piers Barker, MD, FASE, Patrick McNamara, MD, MB, FRCPC, Anita J. Moon-Grady, MD, Patrick D. Coon, RDCS, FASE, Shahab Noori, MD, RDCS, John Simpson, MD, FRCP, FESC, Wyman W. Lai, MD, MPH, FASE, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Los Angeles and San Francisco, California; London, United Kingdom; Zurich, Switzerland; Durham, North Carolina; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; New York, New York

https://www.asefoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Targeted-NICU-Echo_Pedes.pdf

Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Practice Guidelines and Recommendations for Training Writing group of the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) in collaboration with the European Association of Echocardiography (EAE) and the Association for European Pediatric Cardiologists (AEPC)

Multiple organ involvement in perinatal asphyxia

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn infant.

Twenty-five patients with discrete subaortic stenosis were reviewed. Twenty were operated on for severe obstruction. Review of available data suggests there is a wide spectrum of the disease which may be divided into two main types designated I and II. Type I is a thin discrete membrane immediately under the aortic valve obstructing the outflow but not associated with narrowing of it. Type II is situated about 1 cm below the valve and consists of a fibrous ring, thicker than type I, and associated with muscular hypertrophy which narrows the outflow tract, encroaches on the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve, and may extend 1-2 cm downward. Both have a characteristic angiographic appearance. Results of surgery are good for type I but not satisfactory for type II. Aortic incompetence is likely to increase or develop following operation in both types.

Discrete Subaortic Stenosis

Transient myocardial ischemia of the newborn infant: a form of severe cardiorespiratory distress in full-term infants.

Clinical course in pulmonary stenosis.

Pathogenesis of the supravalvular aortic stenosis syndrome

Eleven childrern with uncomplicated transposition of the great arteries repaired by the Mustard procedure were studied by atrial pacing, cardiac catheterization, and cineangiography. Nine had persistent postoperative ectopic cardiac rhythms. Atrial pacing in five suggested sinus node damage in four and A-V junctional conduction tissue damage in one.

In seven children dye-dilution curves indicated small right-to-left shunts. In all seven superior vena cava cineangiograms showed leaks in the baffle at the superior atrial junction. In the other 10, sequential pressures in the superior vena cava, physiologic right atrium, and inferior vena cava showed no evidence of obstruction to systemic venous return. The three complications related to placement of the atrial baffle seemed to be due in large part to technical difficulties in suturing the baffle in the vulnerable sinus node region.

There were no differences in the postoperative hemodynamics between the five patients repaired at a younger age because of severe cyanosis and the five larger children who had been repaired electively. Our results support the aim for early surgical correction in uncomplicated transposition of the great arteries.

Richard D. Rowe

Papers

Discrete Subaortic Stenosis

Transient myocardial ischemia of the newborn infant: a form of severe cardiorespiratory distress in full-term infants.

Clinical course in pulmonary stenosis.

Pathogenesis of the supravalvular aortic stenosis syndrome

Hemodynamic Data and Angiographic Findings after Mustard Repair for Complete Transposition of the Great Arteries