A copper-based metal polishing solution comprises a water-soluble organic acid capable of reaction with copper to form a copper complex compound which is unlikely to be dissolved in water and has a mechanical strength lower than that of copper. The polishing solution also contains polishing abrasive grains and water. The polishing solution of the particular composition does not dissolve at all copper or a copper alloy when a copper or copper alloy film is immersed in the polishing solution, and permits polishing the copper or copper alloy film at a practical rate in the polishing step.

Copper-based metal polishing solution and method for manufacturing a semiconductor device

A lithographic printing plate is comprised of a support having a porous hydrophilic surface, such as grained and anodized aluminum, and an oleophilic imaging layer overlying the porous hydrophilic surface. The imaging layer is comprised of an oleophilic, radiation-absorbing, heat-sensitive, film-forming composition which is readily removable from the porous hydrophilic surface prior to imagewise exposure and which is adapted to form a lithographic printing surface as a result of imagewise exposure to absorbable electromagnetic radiation and subsequent removal of the non-exposed areas to reveal the underlying porous hydrophilic surface. Examples of suitable techniques for removing the non-exposed areas include contact with printing ink on the press, removal by lamination and peel development steps and removal by use of an integral stripping layer.

Lithographic printing plates utilizing an oleophilic imaging layer

A process for zinc electroplating of aluminum strip which can be performed continuously at a high speed and a high current density. The process comprises subjecting aluminum strip to anodic electrolysis in an acidic solution which may be an acidic plating bath solution or a pickling solution before the strip is subjected to cathodic electrolysis in an acidic zinc plating bath to perform zinc electroplating.

Process for zinc electroplating of aluminum strip

A method of forming a coposite film over the surface of aluminum materials, for forming an aluminum oxide film over the surface of an aluminum material, and metal deposits in the aluminum oxide film so as to connect electrically with the aluminum material, in which a voltage is applied to the aluminum material immersed in a sulfuric acid solution to form an aluminum oxide film having pores over the surface of the aluminum material; then the voltage is dropped sharply to near zero while the aluminum material is immersed in the sulfuric acid solution, and a voltage of approximately 0.1 V or less is applied to the aluminum material to dissolve the aluminum oxide film forming the bottoms of the pores; and then the aluminum material coated with the aluminum oxide film is nickel-plated through electroplating to form nickel deposits in the pores of the aluminum oxide film so that the nickel deposts connect electrically with the aluminum material.

Method of forming a composite film over the surface of aluminum materials

A strip of gray reflective aluminum protected by a conversion coating and a light-permeable fluoropolymer coating which is non-adhesively interstitially mechanically bonded to the microscopic irregularities of the conversion coated surface. The highly reflective strip may be substituted for polished stainless steel and/or bi-metal and used under comparably aggressive conditions for a prolonged period without deleteriously affecting the initial D/I (distinctness of reflected image) of the shaped strip. The strip of arbitrary length may be shaped in rolling dies so that at least a portion of the strip has a radius of less than 10 mm without damaging or separating the fluoropolymer coating. The specific steps of the claimed process require starting with a bright-rolled clean strip which is conversion coated to carry a thin metal compound coating. After rinsing and drying, the reflective surface is coated with the fluoropolymer while maintaining at least 80% D/I. The strip can then be formed to a desired profile and treated with a corona discharge to activate its surface so as to facilitate non-adhesively bonding of a thermoplastic strip to the activated fluoropolymer surface.

Reflective aluminum strip, protected with fluoropolymer coating and a laminate of the strip with a thermoplastic polymer

A method of and a bath composition for conditioning the surface of an aluminum alloy article to substantially increase the adhesion to the conditioned surface of subsequently applied electrodeposited surface layer. More specifically the surface of the article is anodized in a solution having three components, i.e. phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and an organic acid selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, hydroxy acetic acid and amino acetic acid (glycine). The anodizing operation typically is followed by a nickel strike deposit, and this deposit may be subsequently electroplated under conventional operating conditions.

Richard J. Clauss

Papers

Method and composition for electroplating aluminum alloys

Verfahren und bad fuer die elektroplattierung von aluminiumlegierungen